Etruscan Art and Archaeology
Bronze Chimera Professor: J. Higginbotham
Librarian: Karl Fattig


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Introduction

Finding information about Etruscan art and archaeology can be a challenging task. Depending on your subject, you will find useful sources by using the tools described in the following general categories. If you have specific problems using these tools, the reference librarian on duty will be glad to assist you. Always feel free to call or e-mail Karl Fattig (x3027, kfattig@polar) or Anne Shankland (x3690, ashankla@polar) for individual help.

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The Online Catalog (OPAC)

Phebe, Bowdoin's online library catalog is the primary instrument for accessing the collections of the Bowdoin College libraries. The catalog contains electronic bibliographic records for books, video recordings, CD-ROMs, periodicals and sound recordings. For the government documents collection and manuscript and rare books housed in the Special Collections and Archives suite, specialized indexes must be consulted since the records for those collections are only partially represented in the OPAC.

In the OPAC, you may search for an item by: Author -- including editors, illustrators, translators, and corporate authors; Title -- including periodical titles, as well as series and alternative titles; Subject -- using the Library of Congress Subject Headings; Words in Title -- keyword searching of titles, contents and corporate authors; and additional specialized access points -- Call number, Government Document number, etc. You may Limit your search by such categories as Year of Publication, Material Type (for videorecordings or sound recordings, etc.) or Language.

Most research begins with a subject search. This function is both very powerful and very flexible in an online catalog. The best results are still obtained through use of standardized subject headings found in the Library of Congress Subject Headings books. For example, a subject search using the heading Vases, Etruscan reveals many items in our collection, while use of the phrase Etruscan vases turns up none; the latter is not an "official" subject heading. And there is often inconsistency between specific subject headings in a broad subject. For example, Mirrors, Etruscan is a valid subject heading, but Clothes, Etruscan is not; for works about Etruscan dress one must search for the subject Costume -- Etruria. Subject headings are also often subdivided into more specific categories, such as by place or by subtopic. Examples of useful subject headings:

Etruscans
Etruria -- Antiquities
Vases -- Italy -- Magna Graecia
Art, Etruscan
History, Ancient
Bronzes

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Research Strategies

  • When you find a relevant source, check the subject headings in the catalog record or any descriptors if the citation is from an index. You may discover other relevant subject headings to enter as search terms.
  • Remember to try keyword searching. This search method often turns up different or additional material, especially when the search words are new terminology, jargon or older terms.
  • Check for bibliography notes in records for relevant secondary sources and this will often lead you to listings of primary source materials, other secondary sources and authors prominent in the area which you are researching.

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Electronic Indexes

Arts & Humanities Search!. FirstSearch version.
1980- (Weekly update)
Philadelphia, Pa.: Institute for Scientific Information
Library Gateway

The Arts & Humanities Search!, the online equivalent of the Arts and Humanities Citation Index includes over 1.4 million records referencing more than 1,300 of the world's leading arts and humanities journals.

RILA.
1975-89
http://www.ahip.getty.edu/aka/aka_form_pub.html

The database contains nearly 135,000 records representing the full 15 volumes of RILA published before its 1990 merger with its French counterpart, the Répertoire d'Art et d'Archéologie (RAA), as the Bibliography for the History of Art / Bibliographie d'Histoire de l'Art (BHA). For RILA and BHA the print index equivalents are in the Art Library. .

Expanded Academic Index.
1987-.
Online Catalog option B > Connect to other databases, 4> Expanded Academic Index)

The Expanded Academic Index—or EAI, as it is sometimes called—is an electronic index to 2500 scholarly and general interest periodicals, published in about the last ten years. For ease of searching, the menus and searching structure are very similar to the online catalog, with some modification for the differences between periodicals and monographs.

EAI is a commercial product, and it indexes some periodicals not owned by the Bowdoin Libraries. By selecting the "H>" command for show holdings, you can ascertain whether Bowdoin owns the journal and what range of years are held. Also, when doing research it is useful to exercise some critical judgment in choosing sources: some of the periodicals in EAI are of a very general nature and are valuable for newsworthiness or basic background, but they are not appropriate for scholarly research. Look carefully at the source before selecting articles to pursue.

MLA International Bibliography. ERL version.
1963- (Quarterly update)
Norwood, MA.: Silver Platter Information
Library Gateway

The MLA International Bibliography, produced by the Modern Language Association of America, consists of bibliographic records pertaining to literature, language, linguistics and folklore and includes access to scholarly research in over 3,000 journals, relevant monographs, working papers, proceedings, bibliographies and other formats in a variety of languages.


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Print Indexes & Bibliographies

L'Année philologique; bibliographie critique et analytique de l'antiquité gréco-latine.
Paris, Société d'édition "Les Belles Lettres." Published 1924 to present.
Per Index

This work is an excellent comprehensive bibliographic survey of the research in classical studies. It is international in scope and is published yearly. Some volumes cover more than one year, and all include additional references to previous years. The classified arrangement permits subject browsing, and author and geographical indexes provide additional access.

Bibliography of the History of Art.(BHA)
Santa Monica, Calif. : J. Paul Getty Trust, Getty Art History Information Program, 1991-, Continues RILA (International Repertory of the Literature of Art , 1975-1989.
Per Index

This work abstracts worldwide literature on Western art in all media from late antiquity (4th century) to the present. Abstracted materials include books, periodical articles, conference proceedings, Festschriften, collected essays, exhibition catalogues, museum publications, and doctoral dissertations.

Humanities index.
New York, H. W. Wilson Co. Published 1974 to present.
Per Index

Social sciences and humanities index.Formerly International index.
New York, H. W. Wilson Co. Published 1907–1973/74..
Per Index

These two venerable Wilson indexes provide access to scholarly material in the humanities, primarily from the United States and England. They have the familiar format of the Reader's Guide with good subject, author and title access points. The index cumulates for easier searching. It should be noted here that the Bowdoin Library collection contains many of the early twentieth century periodicals indexed, in addition to the more contemporary journals.

Classical Association (Great Britain).
The Year's work in classical studies.
Bristol: J.W. Arrowsmith, 1906–1950.
Main Libr PA11 .C7 1906-07 to 1947

Although this publication has ceased, it was a useful annual survey of English language classical research and it can provide access to research on Etruscan matters done in the first half of the twentieth century.

Corpus inscriptionum etruscarum .
Lipsiae: apud I.A. Barth, 1893-
InterLibrary Loan (Dartmouth College, Boston College, Brown University)

This is neither a dictionary nor an encyclopedia, but it is such an important resource that it warrants inclusion here. This publication is a seven volume compilation of Etruscan inscriptions from a multitude of sources, ranging from formal inscriptions on public buildings to private tombs to graffiti. It is only available via InterLibrary Loan.

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Encyclopedias & Dictionaries

The Encyclopedia of religion.
New York, NY: Macmillan, 1986.
Main Ref BL31 .E46 1986 v.1–17

This reference work provides a thorough, comprehensive overview of religion and mythology. The articles are signed and usually include bibliographic references.

The Oxford classical dictionary.
N. G. L. Hammond and H. H. Scullard, editors.
Oxford, England, Clarendon Press, 1970.
Main Ref DE5 .O9 1970

The signed articles which make up this scholarly dictionary are brief and authoritative; a few are longer surveys. Selective bibliographies of the best works on a subject are appended to most of the articles. Topics covered include geography, literature, mythology, religion, science, philosophy, and biography.

Pauly, August Friedrich von, 1796–1845.
Pauly's real-encyclopadie der classischen altertumswissenschaft.
Stuttgart, J.B. Metzler, 1894–1980.
Main Ref DE5 .P33

Generally cited as "Pauly-Wissowa," this work is an important reference. This standard scholarly German work covers the whole field of classical literature, history, antiquities, and archeology. It is comprised of long signed articles by classical specialists; the articles include extensive bibliographies.

The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites..
William L. MacDonald, editor.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1976.
Main Ref DE59 .P7

The stated purpose of this publication is to "provide a one-volume source of information on sites that show remains from the Classical period." Arrangement is alphabetical under the name of the site as it was known in classical times, with the modern name if different, following. Entries give historical notes and summaries of excavation work done and also include bibliographies.


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Other Reference Works

Heyden, A. A. M. van der.
Atlas of the classical world.
London, New York, Nelson, 1959.
Main Ref DE29 .H463

This atlas is noteworthy for its excellent photographs of art and archeological subjects. It also provides useful descriptions of the life and cultures of various parts of the classical world, with maps, text and pictures.

Cornell, Tim.
Atlas of the Roman world.
New York: Facts on File, 1982 (1988 printing).
Main Ref DG77 .C597 1982

This atlas combines text, maps, photographs, and drawings to describe the physical and cultural setting of the Roman world. A bibliography, index and gazetteer are included.

Ramage, Nancy H.
The Cambridge illustrated history of Roman art.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
Art N5760 .R3 1991

This book gives a detailed comprehensive overview of Roman art. It includes an index and excellent illustrations.

Sandys, John Edwin, Sir, 1844–1922.
A companion to Latin studies.
Cambridge, University press, 1910.
Main Ref DG77 .S3 1910

This handbook provides background for research covering such subjects as the geography and ethnology of Italy, plants, animals, history, public and private antiquities, art, literature, religion, mythology, epigraphy and paleography.

Selected Internet Resources

Britannica Online article "Etruscan"
This link searches the Britannica Online for the word Etruscan and selects the first hit. Only available for local on-campus use.

Etruscan Resources at the University of North Carolina.
compiled by Julia Hayden. Fall 1994-
Go to: http://atlantic.evsc.virginia.edu/julia/etruscan/

Basically a pathfinder similar to this one, though intended more for a general audience, rather than students specializing in Etruscana. Includes annotated bibliography of general secondary sources, monographs. Divided into sections on art, history, religion and daily life.

Greek, Etruscan and South Italian Antiquities.
compiled by Harmer Rooke Galleries. 1996-
Go to: http://www.cluster.com/hrg/gallery/antiquities/greek/greek.html

Collection of images from a gallery catalog of a gallery specializing in antiquities.

The Tuscan Archeological Service.
Firenze : Ministero per i Beni Culturali e Ambientali.
Go to: http://www.infogroup.it/FirenzeByNet/ext/soparc/esoparc.htm

Infromation about excavations under way, exhibitions in the area, museums, etc. for the general public

Journal of Roman Archaeology, Annual Issues: Tables of Contents
v.1-
Go to: http://www-personal.umich.edu/~pfoss/jra/JRA_AnnTable.html

Search for Authors of articles or reviews, Authors of the books being reviewed, or Keywords by using your browser's 'Find' or 'Search' function. The JRA Homepage provides more information.

Searchable Resources for Classics and Mediterranean Archaeology .
Go to: http://classics.lsa.umich.edu/searches.html

Collection of search forms for resources of interest to Classics scholars.

Classics and Mediterranean Archaeology Home Page.
Last modified: January 28, 1996.
Go to: http://classics.lsa.umich.edu/welcome.html

Mega-list

SMU Excavations in Tuscany, Vicchio Di Mugello (Firenze).
created and maintained by Sam C. Carrier. Last modified: 5 January 1996.
Go to: http://www.oberlin.edu/~scarrier/Poggio_Colla/Intro.html

Information about Southern Methodist University's excavations in Tuscany, especially good for those interested in early monumental architecture, sacred architecture. Includes information about the 1997 Field School

Art History on the Web -- Etruscan Period.
by Travis D. Potter .
Go to: http://www.dsu.edu/departments/liberal/artwork/Thesis/text/Etrus.html

A senior thesis -- contains 3 images of Etruscan artwork -- Apollo from Veii, the She-Wolf of the Capitol, and Chimera -- no attribution.

The Museo Civico Archeologico di Bologna -- Archaeological Museum of Bologna.
By The Archaeological Museum of Bologna, Italy and The "Servizi di Comunicazione e Relazioni con i Cittadini" of the Municipality of Bologna.
Go to: http://www.comune.bologna.it/bologna/Musei/Archeologico/

Contains a description of the Etruscan holdings of the Museum, "the best-documented and well-known in the Museum" May evolve into a virtual display...

Museo Gregoriano Etrusco.
Christus Rex et Redemptor Mundi, a private, non-profit organization and its Executive Director Michael Olteanu are solely responsible for the design of this server. Last Revision: January 29, 1997
Go to: http://www.christusrex.org/www1/vaticano/ET1-Etrusco.html
Go to: http://www.christusrex.org/www1/vaticano/ET2-Etrusco.html

Make sure you visit both of the above links. There are 2 pages of display -- the buttons at the bottom take you back and forth in the Christus Rex et Redemptor Mundi pages. The source of the information in the pages is not attributed.

Etruscan Farm.
Dr. Nicola Terrenato & Prof. Andrea Carandini, University of Rome.
Go to: http://gaia.earthwatch.org:70/WWW/Xcarandini.html

Mostly information about a research project based in San Dalmazio, Italy. Little content. Under the sponsorship of EarthWatch. Information for potential participants.

Early Italic Tribes (Windows on Italy: the history).
Part of the Windows on Italy project developed by the Istituto Geografico De Agostini.
Go to: http://www.mi.cnr.it/WOI/deagosti/history/tribes.html

Basic historical account of the native Italic tribes. Some discussion of "Etruscan colonization". True hypertext presentation. Just a few paragraphs of interest.

Tuscany (Windows on Italy: the Regions).
Part of the Windows on Italy project developed by the Istituto Geografico De Agostini.
Go to: http://www.mi.cnr.it/WOI/deagosti/regions/toscana.html

Textual description of the region of Tuscany. Includes basic geographical information as well as a map. Part of the collaborative project between the Ministry of Culture and the Istituto Geografico De Agostini.

The Webfoot's Guide to Italy.
by Kaitlin Duck Sherwood.
Go to: http://www.webfoot.com/travel/guides/italy/italy.html

Travel guide online. Really just a compilation of links to Italian resources of interest to someone intending to travel in Italy. Some useful links. That's why we've included it.

Víteliú: The Languages of Ancient Italy .
Written and maintained by: salvucci@netaxs.com; hosted by: Evolution Publishing and Manufacturing. Last Modified: 11/12/95.
Go to: http://www.netaxs.com/~salvucci/VTLhome.html

Self described as "a compendium of resources of the languages spoken in Italy prior to the Roman Conquest"; includes a useful bibliography, transcriptions of one Etruscan inscription, and a some remarks about the origin of the Etruscan language.

The Etruscans (Diotima: Materials for the Study of Women & Gender in the Ancient World).
by Ross Scaife and Suzanne Bonefas; last changed 20-December-95.
Go to: http://www.uky.edu/ArtsSciences/Classics/biblio/etruscan.html

Part of the Diotima project to chart gender patterns in the ancient Mediterranean. True hypertext. Best viewed in Netscape 1.1n or later. Includes a bibliography relating to women in Etruscan/Villanovan society.

Review of Murlo and the Etruscans: Art and Society in Ancient Etruria.
by DWJ Gill, excerpted from the Bryn Mawr Classical Review.
gopher://gopher.lib.virginia.edu:70/00/alpha/bmcr/v95/95-6-6

Review of a scholarly monograph devoted to the Murlo site and it's importance from the point of view of the art and archaeology.

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Last updated: February 25, 1997 ¤ Created and maintained by Karl Fattig, kfattig@bowdoin.edu