SE/30 Debian install Potato, Kernel 2.2.19, Penguin 17


Audience: beginner's, newbies, MacOS users uninitate in the ways of linux
		  the curious,

<Insert the applications necessary for install here.  Including those from
the MacOS and those for Linux installation.>


Stage 1)

Overview: what you need to do on your Mac to install Debian Linux.


1) Partition Hard drive.
   In this step, you will partition your hard drive so that you will have a partition
   reserved for the MacOS which you will need to boot into Linux and partitions (or partitions)
   for linux to use.
   
   This can be done in several different ways using several different applications.
   On the MacOS you can use "Apple HD SC Setup" application or FWB's hard disk software 
   called "Hard Disk Toolkit PE".  On the linux OS, you can use a program called "pmac-fdisk"
   which is accessible on the Debian Linux installer.
   
   For many reasons, I chose Apple's "Apple HD SC Setup."  To use this application for 
   partition, you need to obtain version 7.3.5.  This version of Apple HD SC Setup will
   allow you to create partitions that linux can immediately use.  You can obtain the
   program here: ftp://ftphqx.info.apple.com/Apple_Support_Area/Apple_Software_Updates/English-North_American/Macintosh/Utilities/Apple_HD_SC_Setup_7.3.5.sea.hqx.
   If you computer has a non-Apple hard drive, you will not be able to partition your
   hard drive with version 7.3.5 in its current form.  It does not recognize non-Apple hard drive.
   You will instead need to obtain a patched version of Apple HD SC Setup available here:
   http://www.euronet.nl/users/ernstoud/patch.html. You can also patch the program quite
   easily yourself using ResEdit.  Instructions can be also found at: http://www.euronet.nl/users/ernstoud/patch.html
   
   To use use this partitioning software, you will need
   to be able to boot into the MacOS using a disk other than the one you are currently
   running the MacOS, or the one using the System Folder as its system. This is true
   for any partitioning software. They will not partition a hard drive which is running
   the System Software.  You must instead use another drive or boot floppy.
   
   For my partionting, I choose to use Apple's Apple HD SC Setup (actually, in conjunction
   with "pmac-fdisk" to utilize every byte of my Hard drive.)  To use this program,
   I create a boot floppy which the HD SC Setup on it.  The creation is quite easy.
   Make a copy of your 7.0.1 "Disk Tools" disk and replace the current 7.0.1 version
   of HD SC Setup with the 7.3.5 version (patched version if necessary).  You can
   now use this boot floppy by inserting immediately upon startup.  Your Mac will
   recognize that it has a System Folder which it can use as the current operating
   system.
   
   Once booted, you can now use HD SC Setup to partition your Mac hard drive.
   <detail instruction can be inserted here>.
   
   For my SE which has a 350MB non-Apple Hard drive I chose to create three partitions:
   one for the MacOS and 2 for Linux.  I reserved 7.3MBs for the MacOS.  This amount
   takes into consideration the fact that you also need to place files related to
   you Linux installer on your MacOS as well as the MacOS system itself.  In addition,
   I created 2 partition for linux of size 27MBs which will be used by Linux for what is
   called the "swap" partition.  In addition, I create ad 323MB partition upon which
   linux will be installed.
   
 	<insert an explanation of various partitioning schemes here>
 	
 	For your purpose, all that you should know is that your swap partition should
 	be at least twice the side of your machines current RAM and no these that 25MBS.
 	My maching has 8MBS of RAM (I don't think you can installed Linux with 
 	anything less), and I chose a swap of 27MBS.
   
   To partition your hard drive, you will need to hit the custom button of HD SC Setup.
   You will need to delete or "remove" all your partitions except the partition
   reserved for the Mac Driver which is neccessary to use the CD.
   
   Then, I first created an MacOS partion and chose Apple_HFS as its type.  Second,
   I created the smaller swap partition and made it a  "A/UX Swap slice 1".  I then
   created the final partition and made it a "Apple_UNIX_SVR2" partition.  It is also
   called a root/usr partition.
   
   <Insert note about files system names and types here.> 
   
    
   Note: some people preferred to create 3 MACOS partitions, 2 of which can
   be convert to Linux partition using pmac-fdisk.  This is rather tedious.
   
   <Note to be insert later.  Your hard drive actually has 2 partitions that are
   necessary to the running of your hard drive.  The hard drive Partition map which
   should never be deleted.>
   
	<insert note here about the other 2 ways to partion your hard drive>
   
2) Once you have completed partitioning your hard drive. You will now need
   to reboot your machince.  As you hard drive currently stands, even though
   you have created a MacOS partition you machine will not boot of this
   file system.  When you created the partition you effectively erase this
   partition and the System Folder need to boot the MacOS.
   
   Consequently, you will need to re-install you MacOS system software. For
   my SE/30, I installed system 7.0.1, inserting the Installer Disk 1 at
   boot time.  This was a great OS, quick and effecient before, before bloat
   set in.  I chose to make a minimum installation for my SE along with 
   File Sharing and EtherTalk.  The result is a 1.5 MB system folder.  
   
	You can of course install what ever you want. But I chose the minimum
	because I plan to use my machine more for linux and for the OS.

3) Installed the 32-Mode extension.
    To initial installs Linux (and subsequently boot into Linux), you need
    to obtain a program called "Penguin". <note: I discuss Penguin below>

	To run Penguin your Mac machine must be able to run in 32-bit mode.  
	Some Machines older that the SE/30 automatically run in this mode.  The SE/30
	does not for several reasons <note here>.  To therefore run Penguin 17
	on the SE/30 you will need to download an extension called "MODE32".  It
	is available <Note that a specific version of this extension is needed.

	If you have the "Memory" Control paneled installed on your machinge, you
	will need to enable this extension through this panel (and reboot).
	
	Note the minimum system
	install does not install the Memory control from which you usually enable
	or disable the 32-Mode extension.  Even when it is installed without the 
	Memory Control Panel, the 32-mode extension is effectively consider "enabled."


4) Copied the following files necessary for your Linux installer in the remaining Mac
	MacOS portion of your harddrive.
    These files are available from several sources: the CD-ROM and the various locations
    on the internet."
    
    For my install, I chose the CD-ROM.  As it stands now, the installation files
   	from the CD-ROM will not install linux on a SE/30.  This does not mean that
   	there are some useful files on that CD-ROM.  The problem with this these
   	installation files for an SE/30 are the linux kernel file and the drivers
   	file.  I believe they are for kernel version 2.2.10.  This will not work for
   	the SE/30 because the installer will not be able to recognize the SCSI 
   	hard drive from which you will run the installer nor any other SCSI drives
   	connected to you mac.  You will need a more recent kernel.  For my SE/30
   	I found 2.2.19 to work perfectly (or at least better than 2.2.10).
   	
   	First, create a folder on your MacOS partition of you hard drive called "mac"
   	(in lower case just to be sure)
   	
   	<rather than installing the CD-ROM drivers on the MacOS, I connected my
   	Mac to another Mac which had a CD-ROM using file sharing and LocalTalk.  This minimizes
   	what files you need on your MacOS partition.  You will however not be able
   	to use this setup to install your Linux because the linux installer does
   	not support a LocalTalk connection. I instead use an external CD-ROM, which
   	the Linux installer will recognize without any installed drivers.
   	
   	O.K. so what files do you in fact need? On the Debian CD-ROM. You need
   		to go the folder on the CD called "mac" in the "install" folder and
   		copy the files "root.bin" and "sysmap.gz" into the "mac" folder.  In
   		addition you need to copy the the folder "images-1.44" and its
   		contents to drive.  In this folder you will also find a file called
   		"root.bin" strictly speaking you do not need to copy this file.  It
   		is not necessary for installation.
   		
   	<Note: the above files can also be found in a file called "macinstall.tgz"
   	in the install directory. You will need to extract the files from this
   	tarred, gnzipped with Stuff Expander (available at 	http://www.aladdinsys.com/expander/)
   	, or other shareware program available
   	for the MacOS. (I used a program called simply "tar" in conjunction with
   	an application called "MacGzip".)
   	
   	In addition to this file, you need to obtain kernel 2.2.19 and.  This
   	file is called linux, but it is really a gzipped kernel called "vmlinux".
   	This file can be found in the macinstall.tar.gz file located at:
   	http://auric.debian.org/~cts/bf/current/macinstall.tar.gz.  Copy "linux"
   	into the "mac" folder on your MacOS partition.

	From the macinstall.tar.gz you will also need a file called "drivers.tgz"
	Copy this file as well into the "mac" folder as well.

	There are two more files which are absolutely necessary for you m68k install.
	You will need the "Penguin-1x" MacOS to linux application.  
   	It can be acquired from the Debian
    CD-ROM or off the internet <here>.  The version on the current r3 release
    of Debian Potato is Penguin-18  The current version of Penguin is 19.  For
    my SE/30 I used the older Penguin 17 download from: ftp://ftp.mac.linux-m68k.org/pub/linux-mac68k/penguin/.  The other newer/greater versions
    may also work of the SE/30, but you will have to experiment.  Different
    machinces might work better with different versions of Penguin.  This
    file is also located in the "mac" directory in the CD-ROM or in the
    in the compressed file "macinstall.tgz".
    
    The final file you absolutely need for installation is called "base2_2.tgz".
    On the CD-ROM, it is located in the "install" directory and not the "mac"
    directory.  I chose to use the file on the current Debian Potato CD.  So
    of you might find this arrange difficult.  You can instead copy base2_2.tgz
    to your MacOS partition in the folder immediate above or the one that
    contains the mac folder.  base2_2.tgz is a very big file so if you choose
    this later method you will need to reserve an extra 15MBS for this file.
   		
   	<Note: http://auric.debian.org/~cts/bf/current/macinstall.tar.gz
   	contains the m68k Debian installer for the unstable Debian version currently
   	called "Woody."  If you want to install Woody you will must also use the
   	file base2_4.tgz>
   	
   	When you finally set up your Mac with the above files in the above hierarchy,
   	you will get a folder with is roughly 5.3MBs.  Since I used a minimum MacOS
   	install, which created a folder of nearly 1.6 MBS, my total MacOS partion
   	is around 7MBS.

   		
5) Starting installation with Penguin.  In
 	Penguin-17, pull the File menu the "Settings..." option.
	if you like to see lots of extraneous information about you system, activate
	the Debugging options using the checkboxes. Otherwise, I all you need
	to do is select the kernel.  This is file called "linux" in your "mac" folder.
	In addition, you need to select the ramdisk.
	The file called "root.bin" in your "mac" folder.  The ramdisk or "root.bin"
	file contains a miniture version of a Linux operating system applications need
	by the installer to run.
	
	Finally, you need to change what are sometimes called "boot parameter" or 
	"kernel parameters."  To do so, use the "Command Line" text field in the
	setting dialog. (Personaly, I think the title of this field should be
	changed to what linux users think of as  boot parameters. )
	Type into this field, "root=/dev/ram."  With booting into
	the installer through Penguin, this option is feed to the kernel which
	is told to look for the operating system and installer on a ramdisk located
	in your Mac RAM memory.
	
	<Note: Later you will change the boot parameter caller "root=" to referred
	to your hard drives partition which contains the linux operating system.
	
	<Note: for the SE/30 ignore all other options or checkboxes.>
	
	<Note: There are other options you might be interest in supplying to the kernel
	at this time.  The first has to do with the console tones. At present, like the 
	macos is, the monochrome CTR chooses white as the background color and black
	as the color of the text.  If you are familiar with the an unix environment,
	you know that usually the background is black and the text is white (or some other
	color).  Turns out you can have you mac emulate this environment by supplying
	another boot parameter:  "video=inverse".  This will make the installer show
	a black background and white text.  Some users my find this easier to read that
	the white on black version.  To use add this to the kernels boot parameters
	type this in the "Command Line" text field:
		"root=/dev/ram video=inverse"  Be sure to include the space between parameters.>
		
	Finally, close the Settings dialog, by hitting O.K.  Using the File menu, ou have a choice of savings
	these setting in a file and using them as Penguin-1x's default settings. Do not save
	them as your default settings because you will change these settings after a successful
	installation.
	
	Now pull the File:Boot Now..." or Command-B, and Penguin will take you into the Linux
	installation installer.
	
	An option detour)
	This step is not really necessary put it will prove helpful later
	when the installer asks you some question about where it should install linux.
	Under Penguin-1x's Hardware menu, chose Show SCSI info.  This will give you
	a view of your hard-drive the way that linux would look at it.  It will display
	you hard drive, not as a series of partitions, but as a series of devices "/dev"
	connected to the hard drive partitions. 
	
	For example, on my MacOS, the most important info is about the partitioned hard
	drive on which I will install Linux. "Show SCSI info" gives the following information
	about this drive.
	
	SCSI device id: 00
		/dev/sda (Hard disk)
			/dev/sda1 : Apple_partition map			(31 KB)
			/dev/sda2 : Apple_Drive43				(16 KB)
			/dev/sda3 : Apple_HFS					(7.1 MB)
			/dev/sda4 : Apple_UNIX_SVR2				(26.7 MB)
			/dev/sda5 : Apple_UNIX_SVR2				(315.7 MB)
	
	What does information tell us?  It tells us that the hard drive is recognize by
	linux as a device called "sda". (Other devices will be called "sdb", "sdc" and so
	on).  In addition and in constrast to Apple's Apple HD SC Setup application, it
	shows that your hard drive actually has 5 partitions and not 4.  The HD SC Setup
	utility simply shows the drives partition map and its drivers as on partition.
	Now, "Show SCSI Info" tells us that our hard drive partitions is named
	"sda" to show that it belongs to the sda hard drive.  Each is followed by the number
	by which they are uniquely identified.  
	
	The fact that your hard drive actually has
	5 partitions instead of 4 must be taken into consideration when the installer
	asks you which partition (or /dev) the Linux installer should install the OS on.
	Drive sda3 represents the MacOS partition on which your MacOS is installed.  It has
	the type Apple_HFS. The partitions we have reserved for linux are of the type
	"Apple_UNIX_SVR2."  Notice that /dev/sda4 is 26.7 MBS large.  This is exactly the
	amount we reserved for Linux's swap file partition.  When the Installer thus
	ask you which partition you should use as the swap, you should answer: /dev/sda4
	(Note since you chose to initialize this file as a swap in the Apple HD SC Setup,
	your installer will automatically know that you want to use this partition and
	give you this partition as the option.
	
	Finally, when the Installer asks you which partition to you want to mount as the
	"/" (called the "root" partition), you should chose the larger of the two
	Apple_UNIX partitions and answer /dev/sda5.
	
	<Note the installer will ask you if you want to mount any other partitions as
	linux partition. If you have other partitions formatted as Apple_UNIX partitions
	you will provide those /dev/ names.>
	
		

Stage 2)
Overview: what you need to do the Linux installer to install Linux.

Note: About the installer, due to the nascent nature of the linux operating system
as a whole, and its ability to be installed on a  number of very different architectures,
the installer is not GUI-based.  It's text based, but not exactly as primitive
as a command prompt line, but not as sophistacted as the MacOS GUI.  It represents
a compromised (or a stage of evolution) between the two paradigm user interfaces.

In regard to this text-based installer, navigation is accomplished by hitting the tab key
to select options and sometimes the arrow keys to select from lists.  
Visual confirmation of the options that
you have chosen is accomplish by make the chose stand out in bold type.  (Regrettably,
this is not so discernable on the monochrome screens of the SE/30, but you'll get
used to it).
When you have
made your selection, or answered the question, you usally need to press the return key. 
sometimes you will be required to use the space bar to select other
options and the installer will let you know.  
	
6)  If all things went well you should be in the installer.
At this time you can chose between partitioning and setting up the keyboard, if you
	haven't done so already, you need to do so now. Otherwise, 
	
	self-explanatory: I choose mac-us-ext
	
7)  Initialize and activate swap
	I chose /dev/sda4, made it my swap in patched HD Setup, so the installer goes
	write to it.  If you did it the pmac-fdisk way, you only had a change to make
	AU/X or linux partitions (ext2) partitions, so you will have to designate which
	one you want the swap to be


	Should the bad-block scan be skipped on '/dev/sda4
	chose Yes
	Initialize /dev/sda as swap (and erase)
	chose Yes




Note: on Device tree


8)  Intialize other linux partitions

	By this time you have already create the AU/X partition, so the installer finds
	it and asks you it you want to initialize it as well
	
	Keep Linux kernel 2.0 compatibility
	I chose "no"
	
	
	Should the bad-block scan be skipped on '/dev/sda4
	chose Yes
	Initialize and permanently erase
	chose Yes

	it writes inode table/ could take some time
	
	::repeat this step as many times as necessary


9)  Chose the first Linux partition initialized not a swap as the / (root) directory of
	file system.  For every system there is one and only one / (root) directory at the top
	of the directory structure.  Under that directory other directory necessary in a 
	unix-like operating system such as /bin /lib /usr /home are effectively under the /
	directory.  If you have a big hardrive you can devote different ext2 partitions to each
	directory, effectively make all the /bin /lib /usr /home directories sympbolic linxs
	to other devices.  But since, I have one small drive I have chosen to use only one 
	big one.
	
	
10) Install Operating System Kernel and Modules

	looking for the rescue.bin images on your harddrive
	1) choose harddisk
	2) chose the hard disk partition mine /dev/sda3
	3) Go to the "mac" folder on your hard drive, hit o.k.
		or write /mac
	 4) says it is looking for resue.bin image
	 5) asks to select the install directory,
	 	gives you /instmnt as your choice, hit return
	 (This appears to be good enough..., it finds rescue.bin on your hard drive )
	 Note: this is the most confusing part about the installer.  I'm not sure
	 I can explain what is happening here. I know that /instmnt is the mount
	 point of the harddrive partition /dev/sda3.  I guess this means that it
	 the mount point for installing anything to you system.  I presume that
	 if you have chose CD-Rom the cdrom would have become mounted on (or symbollically
	 linked to the CDROM at /dev/sr0
	 
	 Note: You could problably use the CDROM for this rescue.bin as well, to save
	 more disk space...but I didn't try, heard it wouldn't work.

11) Configure Device DRive Modules
	You may load some modules.  Default is to skip this step and answer yes.  On
	the SE/30 this works fine,  Chosing <no> brings you know where because this
	Debian installer basically gives you all the modules, without your choice, so
	if you chose <yes> or <no> you get the same result, all the modules, even those
	you don't want.
	
	Note: This is another one of those not so smooth installer steps (Added to the confusion
	is the installers inability sometime to clear or overwrite the previous screen or
	dialog)

12) Configure the hostname
	gives you debian as default, I chose "geist"
	
13) Install the Base System

	Essentially, what you will be need none is a file called base2_2.tgz which contains
	the basic system.
	I have chose to use the one of the linux CD.  its in directory install/
	You can also have it stored on the mac portion of your harddrive., but this requires
	a big use of your precious harddrive storage space because the file is 14 MB.
	
	1) choose cdrom
	
	2) place CD in CDRom drive (Debian binary 1)
	
	3) it gives you /mac, (this was the directory on your HardDrive)
		what you really want know is /install
		
	4) list: CHoose from list of all Archive paths, hit return
	
	5) it gives the choice to use /instmnt/install, hit return
	
	
	3) Chose Debian archive path
		Note: definition of a path
		Note: difficult to follow					
		tab to <...> so you can search your cdrom drive, hit return
			you know see a directory tree of your Debian install disk
		arrow key down to install directory
		gives you /install
		
		
		but that is not what it is looking for.  Its looking for  the resue.bin
		on you harddrive
	

	6) The Base System is being extracted from /instmnt/install/base2_2.tgz...
		(This will take you a while).
		
		Note: The screen will blank on you after a while but don't panic.
		
		 Its a screen saving mechanism out as a way of saving your computer's CRT
		from screen burn.  Just hit an error key and you will see the progress
		of your installation

14) Configure the Base System
	Return
	
	15 Select Continent, and Timezone





16 Will the hardware clock be set to GMT
	No

17) Next: Make Linux Bootbable Directly from the Hard Disk
	 Impossible
   Alternate: Make boot floppy
	Impossible ...essentially your boot floppy will be your hard drive
	Alternate1: Reboot the System
	Yes

18) Ends by saying Restarting System
	On these machines turn system off, wait, and then turn on

Stage 3

At this point, you have a linux install which will run, has some of the basic functionality,
but which cannot  really do anything a person who wants a server or a desktop box wants to
do.

You need to install software.
Background:
	Software on linux can be installed in two ways.  Either you can get the source code yourself
	and compile the programs or you can depend upon your Linux Distribution package system.
	These two choices are not mutually exclusively.  Will shall take the easy route.  The
	Debian distribution maintains a package system design to make the installation of the
	software easy. (Red Hat linux has has a packaging system, but Debian's is largely regarded
	as the most superior, although in my opinion debian's needs a lot of work).  Debian software
	hence comes in packages which contain pre-complied binary executables versions of the
	software (The are also Debian packages which contain source code, that once installed
	you can install yourself.)
	
	A complete Debian Linux install requires hundreds of packages.  They contain library
	upon which other essential applications depends.  They also contain essential software
	we would normally expect to find on a unix system (some daemons, etcs).
	
	Conviently, these packages are organized and stored on several web sites (both http and ftp) on the
	internet.  To use these web sites, you have to make sure before hand that they support
	the architecture of your machine.  (some do not support PowerPC or 68k--i wonder why?)
	Unfortunately, to use these package repositories in the install process is rather
	difficult.  You need either a high speed internet connection and the knowledge of how
	to configure your current installs ethernet connection.  Or you need a dialup connection,
	which of course takes time, patience and fortidute to succeeed.  Additionaly, if you are
	trying to install packages over a dialup connection, you will also have to know how
	to set up your current install to establish a ppp connection.  Although this is indeed
	possible, it is a notoriously difficult connection to establish, even when you know
	what you are doing, and even when you have a full install, with all the application
	you can use to debug the process.  My advice: save this headache for later.  On my first
	Linux install years ago, it tooks me several weeks of on and off again trials, pluse
	assistance of newsgroups and various how-tos.
	
	Your best be, and my personal choice, is to use a CDROM (or several) which contain an
	archive of the packages.  Of course, this requires a CDROM player (I just happened
	to have an external one lying around and getting dusty.  Of course, you also need source to
	acquire the CDROMs (from others or make them yourself).  (Note:  Even if you don't have
	a cdrom, but you do have another computer installed with linux that does have a cdrom,
	I image that you can somehow manage to use this other computer as your package installer.
	I think this would require an ethernet established between the two machines and something
	call the NFS....once again, this method is not for the faint of heart).
	

	
19) restart the system, and return to linux through Penguin 17
	this time you donot check the ramdisk checkbox,
	And on the commandline you need to change the kernel parameter root to
	reflect which device your root partition is located.  Previously it was on
	the ramdisk that you used to installed.  If you have managed a successful
	install up to this point, your root has change to one of the ext2
	partitions on your harddrive.  Each partition on your harddrive is now
	associated with a device.  During installation, the installer asked you
	to chose a partition to mounted as "/" or root.  Use the device connected
	to this mount point as your new root kernel parameter.  For instance, on
	my install, I chose sda5 as my root partition.
	
20) Answer if you want md5 passwords
	Yes
	
21) Shawdow passwords
	Yes

22) set up root password

	re-enter password
	
	Note: could explain the root account
	
23) set up your first user account
	
	Yes	
	
	enter username
	
	enter user fullname
	
	
	enter password
	
24) remove pcmcia packages

	Yes
	
25) No to ppp connection install
	see note:
	
26) If you have a CD in your CD disc drive, the install will then assume that
	you want to use the CD to install your software packages from
	
	This will take some time.
	Fortunately, it give you feedback
	
	
27) Scan another CD,
	Yes
	
	
28)  Apt Configuration

	No, more setup

29)  Installing software

	Simple and Advanced, what is the difference between the two
	
	Choose Simple,  
	
	Afterwards, this will take some time, for the installer (apt to set itself). I believe
	it is sorting through iits hundreds of packages to determine which one to install.
	
30)  you will be given the Debian Task Installer
	It is a display of various groups of packages.  Most of these packages have to 
	do with application development, from Fortran to Objective C. Unless your brave enough
	to programm software, these packages are useless.  Most of the other tasks are
	also not necessary for a SE/30.  They involve installing the linux windowing system
	called X and the desktop environment of Gnome.  These can be run in linux on an
	SE/30, but they will interminably slow.  I have also heard reports that your SE/30
	will need at least 50MBs of RAM just for the windowing system alone.
	
	The only possible useful package among for you are those that could connect your
	SE/30 to a dialup connection to the internet.  Chose the Task called "Dialup" to
	install all those packages.   Press the arrow key down, press return to select the
	task and then select the <Finish> with the tab key.

31)  The installer will now give you a list of package, 
	 "Do you want to continue?"
	 Answer Yes
	 Insert CD 1



	
In Debian, 


Problems or solutions:
Make sure file share and appeltalk are off

Check to see if linux is recognizing your is your CD-ROM drive in initial boot output