OII Standards and Specifications List

I*M Europe
OII Home Page
What is OII?
Standards List
OII Guides
OII Fora List
Conference Reports
Monthly Reports
EC Reports
Whats New?
OII Index
OII FAQ
OII Feedback
Disclaimer
Search Database

Character Set Standards

Warning: This page has not been updated since December 1999. A more up-to-date version can be found on The Diffuse Project website.

This section of the OII Standards and Specifications List provides information on character sets that can be used for data interchange. It contains details of:

More data Indicates description revised this month

Further information on these character sets, and other, proprietary, character sets, can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps/. Part 5 of the Netherlands Ministry of the Interior's series on Standards for the electronic exchange of personal data (ISBN 90-5414-019-4) provides a tutorial on the character set standards and their historical development.

Information on character set conversion software can be obtained from the TERENA project by contacting http://www.nada.kth.se/i18n/c3/.

The standards in this section have been prepared by both private and public organizations. The following public bodies have been involved in their preparation:

  • ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2 -- JTC1 is the first (and only) Joint Technical Committee of ISO and IEC, and deals with Information Technology. SC2 is the subcommittee of JTC1 responsible for the description of Coded character sets
  • ISO/IEC JTC1/SC34 -- SC34 is the subcommittee of JTC1 responsible for Document description and processing languages
  • ITU -- International Telecommunication Union (formerly CCITT: Comité Consultatif Internationale de Téléphones et Télégraphes), Study Group 8
  • CEN -- European Committee for Standarization TC 304, European Localization Requirements (formally called Character Set Technology)
  • TERENA -- Trans-European Research Networks Association Working Group on Character Sets and Internationalization of Networks Services
  • ANSI -- American National Standards Institute
  • JISC -- Japanese Industrial Standards Committee.


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ASCII

Expanded name
American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Area covered
7-bit coded character set for information interchange

Sponsoring body and standard details
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

Characteristics/description
Specifies coding of space and a set of 94 characters (letters, digits and punctuation or mathematical symbols) suitable for the interchange of English language documents. Forms the basis for most computer code sets and is the American National Version of ISO/IEC 646.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Used as the basic US code set for personal and workstation computers.

Further details available from:
ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036, USA

A list of ASCII codes can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps/ANSI_X3.4-1968.


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

EBCDIC

Expanded name
Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code

Area covered
8-bit coded character set for information interchange between IBM computers

Sponsoring body and standard details
Proprietary specification developed by IBM

Characteristics/description
A set of 57 national character sets for interchange of documents between IBM mainframes. Most EBCDIC character sets do not contain all of the characters defined in the ASCII code set but there is a special International Reference Version (IRV) code set that contains all of the characters in ISO/IEC 646 (and, therefore, ASCII).

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Not much used outside of IBM and similar mainframe environments. When transmitting EBCDIC files between systems care needs to be taken to ensure that the systems are set up for the relevant national code set.

Further details available from:
Your local IBM office

Details of the most commonly used sets of EBCDIC codes can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps.

Unicode Consortium report on EBCDIC-Friendly UCS Transformation Format
OII Standards and Specifications Activity Report, December 1998


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 646

Expanded name
ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange

Area covered
Unaccented Latin letters, digits and punctuation characters

Sponsoring body and standard details

Characteristics/description
Specifies 7-bit coding for space and 94 characters. There is an International Reference Version (IRV), which is identical to ASCII, and national variants that provide accented and other special characters required in different countries.

Character positions 00-31 (ISO positions 0/0 to 1/15) and 127 (ISO position 7/15) are reserved for control codes. Code 32 (2/0) identifies a space. The sequence in which other codes appear in the IRV is: 

! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ `
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Base character set used by most systems. Contains all characters provided by the standard shift positions of QWERTY keyboards.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 2022

Expanded name
Character code structure and extension techniques

Area covered
Structure of 7-bit or 8-bit codetables, rules for code extension.

Sponsoring body and standard details

Characteristics/description
ISO standard for switching between code sets in 7-bit and 8-bit environments. Describes the role of the Escape, Shift-Out (SO) and Shift-In (SI) codes in the base control code set for controlling which character sets are used in an 7-bit environment, and how the role of these characters changes in an 8-bit environment to provide a locking shift code swapping function.

Up to 4 code sets (G0-G3) can be mapped into the left-hand side of an 8-bit ISO code set. Three of these (G1-G3) can also be used on the right-hand side. Escape code sequences are used to identify which code sets are to be used. Users can also select variant control code sequences using Escape code sequences. Escape code sequences are also used to provide a single character change of character sets.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Forms the basis for code switching in other standards, including SGML, but Shift functions are not used on standard hardware platforms, making use of this standard problematical.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies

Details of CEN work to define a Minumum set of control functions for Europe can be found in the OII Multimedia and Hypermedia Standards Activity Report, March 1996


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 4873

Expanded name
8-bit code for information interchange

Area covered
Rules for developing 8-bit code sets

Sponsoring body and standard details

Characteristics/description
Standard explaining the structure of 8-bit coded character sets based on the concepts of ISO/IEC 2022. Three levels of implementation are specified, 1 for No Shifts, 2 for Single Shifts, 3 for Locking Shifts.

Note: ISO 4873 has not been updated to conform to changes made to ISO 2022.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Provides basic rules for later ISO standards.

Note: The British Standard Specification for United Kingdom 8-bit data code (BS 6006) is based on ISO 4873.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 6429

Expanded name
Control functions for coded character sets

Area covered
Control codes for 7-bit and 8-bit coded character sets

Sponsoring body and standard details

Characteristics/description
Defines 163 control functions, including the control characters that can be used in the C0 (0/0 - 1/15) positions in 7-bit and 8-bit environments and C1 (8/0 - 9/15) positions in 8-bit environments.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Forms the basis for control code definitions in many systems.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 6937

Expanded name
Coded graphic character set for text communication -- Latin alphabet

Area covered
Defines characters required for western European languages

Sponsoring body and standard details

Characteristics/description
The left-hand side of this 8-bit code set is the based on ISO 646. The code set for the right-hand set of 94 characters contains a set of diacritical marks that can be combined with letters to produce accented characters, together with other characters used in European languages based on the Latin script that are not suitable for splitting into letter plus diacritic, such as the thorn (þ) used in Icelandic. The set also includes a set of single, double and French style angle open and closing quotation marks, Copyright and Registered symbols, the Spanish inverted question mark, some maths signs, fractions, superior numbers (2 and 3 only) and a set of arrows.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Basic character set used on teletext, videotext and related systems. CEN/CENELEC ENV 41501 covers its use in videotext services while CEN/CENELEC ENV 41502 covers its use in teletext services. For computers this code set has been superseded by ISO 8859 and ISO 10646. CEN/CENELEC ENV 41503 covers the use of both ISO 6937 and ISO 8859 for the interchange of text and data between information processing systems.

ISO 6937 also provides the character set repetoire used for X.400 message handling systems and X.500 directory services.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies

Details of the ISO 6937 code sets can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps/ISO_6937-2-ADD.


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 8859

Expanded name
8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets

Area covered
Defines accented and non-Latin characters used in European languages

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2
  • ISO 8859 Information processing -- 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets
    • Part 1: Latin alphabet No. 1 (1998)
    • Part 2: Latin alphabet No. 2 (1999)
    • Part 3: Latin alphabet No. 3 (1999)
    • Part 4: Latin alphabet No. 4 (1998)
    • Part 5: Latin/Cyrillic alphabet (1999)
    • Part 6: Latin/Arabic alphabet (1999)
    • Part 7: Latin/Greek alphabet (1987)
    • Part 8: Latin/Hebrew alphabet (1999)
    • Part 9: Latin alphabet No. 5 (1999)
    • Part 10: Latin alphabet No. 6 (1998)
    • Part 13: Latin alphabet No. 7 (1998)
    • Part 14: Latin alphabet No. 8 (Celtic) (1998)
    • Part 15: Latin alphabet No. 9 (1999)

Characteristics/description
Specifies coding for sets of accented characters that cover the needs of most European languages, including limited sets of Greek, Hebrew and Arabic characters and some Cyrillic characters. Part 1 covers Western European languages, Part 2 covers Eastern European (Slavic, Albanian, Hungarian and Romanian) languages, Part 3 covers Southern European languages (Maltese) and Esperanto, and Part 4 covers Northern European languages. Part 9 covers characters used for Turkish, replacing those in Part 1 for Icelandic, while Part 10 deals with the Icelandic, Nordic and Baltic character sets.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Used by a few systems as the underlying code set. ISO 8859-1 is commonly used as the basis of extended 8-bit code sets within the European Community. Mixing of code sets is not permitted so that there are problems when trying to move between environments using different parts of the standard (e.g. Greece where Part 7 is used and the Netherlands, where Part 9 is officially preferred).

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies

Details of Parts 1-10 of the ISO 8859 code sets can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps.


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 9036

Expanded name
Arabic 7-bit coded character set for information interchange

Area covered
Defines basic set of Arabic characters

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2
  • ISO 9036:1987 Information processing -- Arabic 7-bit coded character set for information interchange
  • ISO 11822:1996 Information and documentation -- Extension of the Arabic alphabet coded character set for bibliographic information interchange

Characteristics/description
ISO 9036 defines the stand-alone version of Arabic character in a form that can be used for interchange between computer systems using a 7-bit code set.

ISO 11822 covers the use of the Arabic alphabet in bibliographic entries

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Unknown

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies

Details of the ISO 9036 code set can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps/ASMO_449.


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 9541

Expanded name
Font Information Interchange

Area covered
Provides mechanism for the interchange of information related to the metrics and drawing of glyphs used to display characters

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • ISO/IEC JTC1/WG4
  • ISO/IEC 9541:1991 Information technology -- Font information interchange
  • ISO/IEC 10036:1996 Information technology -- Font information interchange -- Procedure for registration of font-related object identifiers

Characteristics/description
While other standards describe the numeric codes to be assigned to "characters" within a computer, this standard defines how information about the representation of these characters on a screen or a printed sheet should be interchanged. A single coded character can have many different physical representations, depending on the type face (font) being used. Each such representation forms a unique "glyph".

Part 1 of the standard explains the general architecture of the font information interchange standard. Part 2 defines the metrics used to describe the weight, width, height, etc, of a glyph. Part 3 defines how the information needed to generate a glyph should be interchanged, and defines ASN.1 and SGML interchange formats for this information.

ISO 9541 has been defined so that metric information can be interchanged separately from the more commercially sensitive glyph generation information. The metrics defined in Part 2 are of relevance to composition and other software that needs to calculate the relative position of glyphs. Only when the characters are actually being displayed/printed does access need to be provided to the much bulkier glyph drawing information. ISO 9541 Type 1 fonts are compatible with Version 23.0 of the Postscript interpreter.

A register of glyph identifiers is maintained on behalf of the ISO by Association for Font Information Interchange (AFII). This register is based on ISO/IEC 10036.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Not widely adopted yet as a competitor to the proprietary Truetype and Bitstream font interchange formats. The need for a truly international standard in this field is only just being recognized. It is considered to be of particular importance to the Far East marketplace.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies.

An operational model for characters and glyphs (ISO/IEC TR 15285)
OII Multimedia and Hypermedia Standards Activity Report, September 1996
Font information interchange for web fonts
Enhancements to ISO/IEC 9541
OII Multimedia and Hypermedia Standards Activity Report, August 1997


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 10367

Expanded name
Standardized coded graphic character sets for use in 8-bit codes

Area covered
Defines graphic characters used for general purpose applications in typical office environments.

Sponsoring body and standard details

Characteristics/description
Specifies a unique coded graphic character set for use as the G0 set and a series of coded graphic character sets of up to 96 characters for use as the G1, G2 and G3 sets defined in ISO 4873 when shifting levels 2 or 3 are implemented. It provides a comprehensive repertoire, including all characters from ISO/IEC 6937, 8859 Parts 1-9 and a box character set.

Registration of character repertoires is carried out using the procedures laid down in ISO/IEC 7350:1991.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Adopted as national standard in Austria. Uptake elsewhere restricted by limited support for ISO 2022.

Details of the ISO 10367 character set that allows box drawing characters to be used in conjunction with ISO 8859 can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps/ISO_10367-BOX.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 10538

Expanded name
Control functions for text communication

Area covered
Control functions required for text in page-image format, and for mixed formatted and formattable text.

Sponsoring body and standard details

Characteristics/description
Describes the role of ISO 6429 control characters when used in page images or in text that has been, or is capable of being, formatted prior to presentation. Applies to text characters only, not graphics. The codes are defined for interchange purposes only: they are not intended for the actual processing of text.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Unknown

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

ISO 10646

Expanded name
Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)

Area covered
Multilingual character set covering all major trading languages

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2
  • ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993 Information technology -- Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) -- Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane
    • Technical Corrigendum 1:1996 to ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993
    • Amendment 1 to ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993 -- Transformation Format for 16 Planes of Group 00 (UTF-16)
    • Amendment 2 to ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993 -- UCS Transformation Format 8 (UTF-8)
    • Amendements 3-19: Characters for a range of added languages
  • ISO/IEC 14755:1997 Information technology -- Input methods to enter characters from the repetoire of ISO/IEC 10646 with a keyboard or other input devices

Characteristics/description
Integrates all previous internationally/nationally agreed character sets into a single code set. ISO/IEC 10646 is based on 4 octet (32-bit) coding scheme known as the "canonical form" (UCS-4), but a 2-octet (16-bit) form (UCS-2) is used for the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP), where octets 1 and 2 are assumed to be 00 00.

The code set is split into 128 "groups" of "planes" containing 256 "rows" with 256 "cells" for characters. Each character is addressed using multiple octets, the third (first) of which identifies the row containing the character and the fourth (second) its cell number.

The first 127 characters of the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP) used for 16-bit code interchange are those of the ISO 646 International Reference Version of ASCII. The characters forming the second half of the first row are those used in ISO/IEC 8859-1, the Latin-1 character set. Other rows provide access to:

  • eastern European accented characters
  • the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
  • Greek (including accented characters, "monotoniko" and "polytoniko")
  • Cyrillic, Georgian and Armenian
  • Hebrew
  • all four forms of Arabic characters (initial, medial, final and stand-alone)
  • languages used on the Indian subcontinent (including Devanagari, Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam)
  • Thai and Lao
  • Chinese/Japanese/Korean (CJK) ideographic characters (including Hangul, Katakana, Hiragana and Bopomofo)
  • mathematical operators and special character forms
  • box and line drawing characters
  • geometric shapes and Dingbats
  • special OCR characters used on cheques
  • encircled characters and numbers.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Expected to become the basic coding form for all 16 and 32-bit computer systems.

A plan to extend the code set to cover all languages was agreed in September 1998. A revised version of the standard is expected to appear shortly.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies

Details of the ISO 10646 code set can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/ISO_10646. (Warning: This is a large, 81Kb, file.)

To join the ISO 10646 mailing list send a message consisting of subscribe followed by your e-mail address to listproc@listproc.hcf.jhu.edu

Mulitlingual string ordering rules for the Minimum European Subset of ISO 10646
OII Standards and Specifications Activity Report, October 1997
Requirements for String Identity Matching and String Indexing for ISO 10646 coded documents
OII Standards and Specifications Activity Report, July 1998
New languages to be covered in next edition
OII Standards and Specifications Activity Report, October 1998
Unicode Consortium report on EBCDIC-Friendly UCS Transformation Format
OII Standards and Specifications Activity Report, December 1998
Unicode 3.0 to be based on 2nd Edition of ISO 10646
OII Standards and Specifications Activity Report, August 1999
Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages
OII Standards and Specifications Activity Report, September 1999


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

JIS X 0201

Expanded name
Japanese Industrial Standard Code for Information Interchange

Area covered
Interchange of Latin and Katakana characters

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • JISC - Japanese Industrial Standards Committee
  • JIS X 0201:1976 (reaffirmed 1984) Code for Information Interchange (published in Japanese and English)

Characteristics/description
Provides 7-bit and 8-bit code sets for Latin characters (based on ISO 646) and the simple Katakana letters used to aid phonetic interpretaion of Kanji ideograms. (Katakana is used for teaching Japanese children to read.)

In 7-bit environments the SO (0/14) and SI (0/15) codes are used to switch from the Latin to the Katakana code set. In 8-bit environments the Katakana characters form the right-hand sector (11/1 to 13/15).

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Used to transfer Japanese information between early Japanese computer systems.

Further details available from:
Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, c/o Standards Department, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1-3-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan.

Details of the JIS X 0201 code set can be obtained from http://www.dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps/JIS_X0201.


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

JIS X 0202

Expanded name
Extension techniques for use with the Code for Information Interchange

Area covered
Switching of Japanese character code sets

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • JISC - Japanese Industrial Standards Committee
  • JIS X 0202 Extension techniques for use with the Code for Information Interchange (published in Japanese and English)

Characteristics/description
Japanese equivalent of ISO 2022.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Used on 8-bit Japanese word processors to call in multiple character sets.

Further details available from:
Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, c/o Standards Department, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1-3-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan.


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

JIS X 0208/0212

Expanded name
Code of the Japanese Graphic Character Set for Information Interchange

Area covered
Interchange of Latin, Kanji, Hiragana and Katakana characters

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • JISC - Japanese Industrial Standards Committee
  • JIS X 0208:1990 Code for the Japanese graphic character set for information interchange (published in Japanese and English)
  • JIS X 0212:1990 Code of the supplementary Japanese graphic character set for information interchange

Characteristics/description
Multiplane standard providing access to 6353 Kanji ideographs, 86 Katakana character and sound identifiers, 83 Hiragana character and sound identifiers, 52 Roman, 48 Greek and 66 Cyrillic letters, together with associated numeric, punctuation and line drawing codes.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Whilst only providing access to a portion of the extensive Japanese ideograph set this standard is used by many Japanese word processing and general computing systems.

Further details available from:
Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, c/o Standards Department, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1-3-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan.


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

OCR

Expanded name
Optical Character Recognition

Area covered
Coding of machine readable characters

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2
  • ISO 1073 Alphanumeric character sets for optical recognition
    • Part 1: Character set OCR-A -- Shapes and dimensions of the printed image
    • Part 2: Character set OCR-B -- Shapes and dimensions of the printed image
  • JIS X9003:1980 Katakana character set for optical recognition
  • JIS X9005:1979 Handprinted Katakana characters for optical character recognition
  • JIS X9006:1979 Handprinted numerals for optical character recognition
  • JIS X9007:1981 Handprinted alphabets for optical character recognition
  • JIS X9008:1981 Handprinted symbols for optical character recognition
  • JIS X9009:1991 Handprinted Hiragana characters for optical character recognition
  • JIS X9010:1984 Coding of machine readable characters (OCR and MICR)

Characteristics/description
Limited characters sets that are designed to be machine readable. OCR-A provides numbers and other characters needed for automated cheque handling. OCR-B allows alphabetic characters to be used in machine-readable data. The Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) committee has a number of extensions for the recognition of Japanese characters and for the recognition of handwritten numbers, characters and symbols.

In June 1995 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2 voted to accept a Turkish proposal to extend the OCR-B character set to include a range of accented and related characters. The new characters include characters suitable for use in Iceland, Greece and Lithuania. 33 new characters and 6 accents will be added by this extension.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Widely used to enable accurate machine scanning of information.

Further details available from:
ISO and national standards bodies

CEN work to define a European character set
OII Multimedia and Hypermedia Standards Activity Report, December 1996
Need to add Euro symbol to OCR-B
OII Multimedia and Hypermedia Standards Activity Report, August 1997
Proposed addition of Euro to OCR-B
OII Standards and Specifications Activity Report, July 1998


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

Other Character Sets

Expanded name
Character sets not listed elsewhere

Area covered
Machine readable characters for non-European languages

Sponsoring body and standard details

  • Various national standards bodies
  • CNA GB-2312-89 Code of Chinese ideograms for information interchange -- Basic set
  • CNA GB-7590-87 Code of Chinese ideograms for information interchange -- 4th supplementary set
  • CNA GB-8565-88 Coded character set for text communication
  • CNA GB-12345-90 Code of Chinese ideograms for information interchange -- Supplementary set
  • IS 13194:1991 Indic Script Code for Information Interchange (ISCII)
  • KS C5601-1992 Code for information interchange (Korean)
  • KS C5636-1993 Code for information interchange (Latin characters)
  • KS C5627-1991 Extension code sets for information interchange
  • MS 1362:1983 Jawi character set (Malaysian)
  • TIS 620:1990 Thai character codes for computers

Characteristics/description
Character sets whose use is normally specific to one or two countries.

Usage (Market segment and penetration)
Used within local markets. Often form the basis of an ISO 10646 code plane.

Further details available from:
National standards body


Section Contents
OII Home Page
OII Index
OII Help

This information set on OII standards is maintained by Martin Bryan of The SGML Centre and Man-Sze Li of IC Focus on behalf of the European Commission Information Society DG.

File last updated: December 1999