The Linux Kernel Archives

Welcome to the Linux Kernel Archives. This is the primary site for the Linux kernel source, but it has much more than just kernels.

Protocol Location
HTTP http://www.kernel.org/pub/
FTP ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/
RSYNC rsync://rsync.kernel.org/pub/

The latest stable version of the Linux kernel is:  2.6.0 2003-12-18 03:04 UTC F V   C Changelog
The latest 2.4 version of the Linux kernel is:  2.4.23 2003-11-28 18:27 UTC F V VI C Changelog
The latest prepatch for the 2.4 Linux kernel tree is:  2.4.24-pre1 2003-12-10 16:23 UTC   V   C Changelog
The latest 2.2 version of the Linux kernel is:  2.2.25 2003-03-17 14:15 UTC F V      
The latest 2.0 version of the Linux kernel is:  2.0.39 2001-01-09 21:29 UTC F V VI    
The latest prepatch for the 2.0 Linux kernel tree is:  2.0.40-rc6 2002-06-25 18:53 UTC   V VI   Changelog

F = full source, V = view patch, VI = view incremental, C = current changesets
Changelogs are provided by the kernel authors directly. Please don't write the webmaster about them.

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Up since: Wed Apr 16 13:06:53 2003
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Site News
December 4, 2003: kernel.org is now running Apache 2! Happy Holidays. :)
August 21, 2003: Please don't use finger.kernel.org for any sort of automatic monitoring. The number of automatic bots hitting this port is causing the finger daemon to shut down more often than not. The same information is available from http://www.kernel.org/kdist/finger_banner.
ISC has upgraded our outbound connection to 250 Mbit/s. Thanks!
The people at AmNet Computers have been nice enough to replace our internal master server for us. Thanks guys!
Please note that kernel.org uses Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), as defined in RFC 3168. Some broken firewalls or gateways may have problem connecting to ECN-enabled servers. Please contact your firewall or gateway vendor for necessary updates.
We have a new server! The Linux Kernel Archives are now powered by a new Compaq ProLiant DL380 G2 with 1 TB of disk generously provided by Hewlett-Packard. Many thanks for your support!

The Linux Kernel Archives Mirror System

To improve access for everyone, a number of sites around the world have provided mirrors of this site, which may be faster to use than the master archive itself. Please see http://www.kernel.org/mirrors/ for information about how to connect to a participating mirror site.

To guard against Trojan mirror sites, all files originating at the Linux Kernel Archives are cryptographically signed. If you are getting a message that the verification key has expired, please see this link.

What is Linux?

Linux is a clone of the operating system Unix, written from scratch by Linus Torvalds with assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers across the Net. It aims towards POSIX and Single UNIX Specification compliance.

It has all the features you would expect in a modern fully-fledged Unix, including true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, shared copy-on-write executables, proper memory management, and TCP/IP networking.

Linux was first developed for 32-bit x86-based PCs (386 or higher). These days it also runs on (at least) the Compaq Alpha AXP, Sun SPARC and UltraSPARC, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, PowerPC64, ARM, Hitachi SuperH, IBM S/390, MIPS, HP PA-RISC, Intel IA-64, DEC VAX, AMD x86-64 and CRIS architectures.

Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit architectures as long as they have a paged memory management unit (PMMU) and a port of the GNU C compiler (gcc). Linux has also been ported to a number of architectures without a PMMU, although functionality is then obviously somewhat limited. See the uClinux project for more info.

New to Linux?

If you're new to Linux, you don't want to download the kernel, which is just a component in a working Linux system. Instead, you want what is called a distribution of Linux, which is a complete Linux system. There are numerous distributions available for download on the Internet as well as for purchase from various vendors; some are general-purpose, and some are optimized for specific uses. We currently have mirrors of the Debian and RedHat general-purpose distributions available at mirrors.kernel.org, as well as a small collection of special-purpose distributions at http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/.

Note, however, that most distributions are very large, so unless you have a very fast Internet link you may want to save yourself some hassle and purchase a CD-ROM with a distribution; such CD-ROMs are available from a number of vendors.

The Linux Installation HOWTO has more information how to set up your first Linux system.

More Information

There is much information about Linux on the web.

Reporting Linux Kernel bugs

Please see http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html if you want to report a Linux kernel bug. Bug reports sent to the kernel.org administrators will be ignored.

There is now a bugzilla setup at bugzilla.kernel.org. Currently this is for reporting kernel version 2.5 bugs only.

Mailing list

The Linux kernel is discussed on the linux-kernel mailing list at vger.kernel.org. The FAQ is available at http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/, please read the FAQ before subscribing.

Although there is no official archive site, unofficial archives of the list can be found at:

Cryptographic Software

Due to U.S. Exports Regulations, all cryptographic software on this site is subject to the following legal notice:

This site includes publicly available encryption source code which, together with object code resulting from the compiling of publicly available source code, may be exported from the United States under License Exception "TSU" pursuant to 15 C.F.R. Section 740.13(e).

This legal notice applies to cryptographic software only. Please see the Bureau of Export Administration for more information about current U.S. regulations.

Continued freedom...

The continued freedom to create and use free software is always in danger. Unfortunately, some interests seem to use the tragic events of September 11, 2001 as an excuse for wide-ranging infringement on civil liberties, some of which may threaten the very ability to create free software at all.

Please refer to the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Center for Democracy and Technology or the Electronic Privacy Information Center for more information.

Comments

For comments about the web pages, please send mail to webmaster@kernel.org.

For comments about the file archive, please send mail to ftpadmin@kernel.org.

Please do not send general Linux questions or bug reports to these addresses. We do not have the resources to reply to them. If your message does not relate to the operation of the Linux Kernel Archives, it will be deleted without action.


This site is operated by the Kernel.Org Organization, Inc., a nonprofit corporation, with support from the following sponsors.

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