|
Number
of persons
Since
Tanzania achieved independence in 1961 there have
been four national population censuses. The population
has grown from 12,313,469 persons in the first post-independence
census in 1967 to 34,569,232 persons counted in the
census held in August 2002. These are shown in Figure
1.
Over
the period from 1967 to 2002 the population of Tanzania
has almost tripled. The rate of population growth
has varied over this period as shown in Table
1 and Figure 2.
The
rate of population growth differs from Region to Region
as can be seen in Figure 3 and
Map 1. The average
rates of growth for the period 1988 to 2002 range
from 4.8 percent recorded in Kigoma Region to 1.4
percent recorded in Lindi. Other than Kigoma, where
much of the growth may be due to the recent influx
of refugees, the Regions that show high rates of growth
are dominated by large urban areas (Dar es Salaam
and Urban West).
Population
Density
The
number of people per square kilometer of land area,
or population density, in Tanzania varies considerably
from Region to Region. People are particularly concentrated
in Dar es Salaam Region (1793 persons per square kilometre)
and Urban West (1700 persons per square kilometre).
The other four Regions of Zanzibar and Mwanza Region
are also relatively densely populated. The relative
population densities for regions other than Dar es
Salaam and Urban West are illustrated in Figure
4 . In addition Map
2 shows the current population density for
all Regions and Table 2 shows,
by Region, how population density has increased since
1967. The greater population density of Zanzibar is
clearly shown in that table.
Household
Size
The
average household size, calculated by dividing the
number of persons by the total number of households,
in Tanzania has decreased from 5.2 persons per household
in 1988 to 4.9 persons per household in 2002. For
Kigoma region the average household size is significantly
affected by the treatment of refugee camps in which
each enumeration area is treated as a collective household,
which gives a lower count of households (and thus
higher household size) than would have been the case
if each tent had been counted as a household. This
will be explained more in the analytical report. For
Zanzibar, household sizes have increased for Regions
other than South Unguja.
The
average household sizes for each Region are shown
in Figure 5. It is not
possible at this stage of data processing to identify
separately people counted in private households and
in collective households. It is probable that these
statistics will be subject to considerable variation
when later analysis enables the calculation of average
private household sizes. Table
3 shows total population, total number of
households and average household size by Region.
Sex
Ratio
The
sex ratio is defined as the number of males per 100
females. In the 2002 Population and Housing Census
the sex ratios were the same for Mainland and Zanzibar.
Those of Zanzibar show a small decrease since 1988
(see Figure 6). Most
Mainland Regions had a ratio in the range 94 -99 males
per 100 females. The highest ratios were found in
Manyara (106 males per 100 females) and Dar es Salaam
(102 males per 100 females). The lowest ratios were
found in Iringa and Mtwara (both 90 males per 100
females) and Mara (91 males per 100 females). For
Zanzibar, South Unguja stands out with a ratio of
103 males per 100 females. The other 4 Regions all
show a ratio of 95 or 96 males per 100 females.
|
