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Terrorist organisation
Spain is the European Union's only country where journalists - if they fall out of favour with the Basque armed separatist organization ETA - have to be permanently accompanied by bodyguards. Several contributors to the daily El Mundo and the Basque broadcaster Euskal Irratia Telebista (EITB) were targeted by ETA in 2004. Threats against journalists were an integral part of this new terror campaign.
There are instigators and powerful people behind press freedom violations whose responsibility is not always apparent. Whether presidents, ministers, chiefs of staff, religious leaders or the heads of armed groups, these predators of press freedom have the power to censor, imprison, kidnap, torture and, in the worst cases, murder journalists. To better expose them, Reporters Without Borders has produced these portraits.
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Lutfozzaman Babor Bangladesh |
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Purbobanglar Maoist party Bangladesh |
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Alexandre Lukashenko Belarus |
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Than Shwe Burma |
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Hu Jintao China |
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Salvatore Mancuso Colombia |
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Manuel Marulanda and Nicolas Rodríguez Bautista Colombia |
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Young Patriots Côte d'Ivoire |
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Fidel Castro Cuba |
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Teodoro Obiang Nguema Equatorial Guinea |
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Issaias Afeworki Eritrea |
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Yahya Jammeh Gambia |
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Ali Khamenei Iran |
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Nursultan Nazarbayev Kazakhstan |
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Khamtai Siphandon Laos |
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Moammar Gaddafi Libya |
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Moammar Gaddafi Libya |
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Maumoon Abdul Gayoom Maldives |
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Gyanendra Shah Dev Nepal |
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Comrade Prachanda Nepal |
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State Security Service (SSS) Nigeria |
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Kim Jong-il North Korea |
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Pervez Musharraf Pakistan |
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Vladimir Putin Russia |
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Paul Kagame Rwanda |
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Abdallah ibn al-Saud Saudi Arabia |
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Mswati III Swaziland |
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Bashar el-Assad Syria |
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Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali Tunisia |
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Saparmurat Niyazov Turkmenistan |
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Islam Karimov Uzbekistan |
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Nong Duc Manh Vietnam |
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Robert Mugabe Zimbabwe |