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Tension assisted long-span systems are similar to the long span arch, or goal post frame but with additional cable support to reduce stresses and deflection mid-span. Tension assisted arch systems also incorporate a long span arch spanning parallel to the free edge and supporting the roof beams and cladding. In these systems, however, tension cables provide additional support to the arch. The consequence is that at the corners there will be a mast or tower of some kind, from which the cables will run. Examples include the Reebok Stadium, Bolton, and the stadia at Genoa and Cologne. The Reebok stadium incorporates a clever tripod support in the corner that also doubles up as floodlight mast. The goal post frame with tension assisted is of similar form but the long span portal is additionally supported by cables. The goal post frame: tension supported also uses a very large, trussed portal frame spanning parallel to the open edge. This supports trusses or beams which in turn carry the roof cladding. In this case however, because the span of the portal can be well over 100m the vertical legs are extended upwards to act as masts over which cables run to support the trussed horizontal portal member. Examples include Preston North End and Genoa. The stadia at Genoa and Cologne are further examples of this structural system. The Genoa stadium design by Gregotti, for the Italia1990 tournament is an excellent example of integrated whole-stadium design: it uses a tension assisted main span in which the main span and tension hangers are trussed. The Cologne Football stadium in Germany uses a box vierendeel mast in each corner and the suspension system supports a secondary set of cantilevered, tapered vierendeel trusses. | |