Washington, George, 1732-1799. The writings of George Washington from the original manuscript sources: Volume 2
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   GEORGE WASHINGTON
BICENTENNIAL EDITION
THE WRITINGS OF
GEORGE WASHINGTON


From the Nollekens Bust



Page

From the Nollekens Bust, modeled in London ça 1805. Here reproduced by permission of the Honorable Sol Bloom, of New York



Page


THE WRITINGS OF
George
Washington


from the
Original Manuscript Sources
1745 -- 1799

Prepared under the direction of the United States
George Washington Bicentennial Commission
and published by authority of Congress
John C. Fitzpatrick, Editor
Volume 2
1757 -- 1769

United States
Government Printing Office

Washington

PRINTED
JUNE, 1931


Page

UNITED STATES GEORGE WASHINGTON
BICENTENNIAL COMMISSION

    President of the United States

    Chairman

    Vice President of the United States

    Speaker of the House of Representatives

    United States Senate

    Simeon D. Fess, Vice Chairman
Ohio

    Arthur Capper
Kansas

    Carter Glass
Virginia

    Millard E. Tydings
Maryland

    House of Representatives

    Willis C. Hawley
Oregon

    John Q. Tilson
Connecticut

    Joseph W. Byrns
Tennessee

    R. Walton Moore
Virginia

    Presidential Commissioners

    Mrs. Anthony Wayne Cook
Pennsylvania

    Mrs. John Dickinson Sherman
Colorado

    Henry Ford
New York

    George Eastman
New York

    C. Bascom Slemp
Virginia

    Wallace McCamant
Oregon

    Albert Bushnell Hart
Massachusetts

    Bernard M. Baruch
New York

    Executive Committee

    The Senate House
Commissioners

    C. Bascom Slemp

    Mrs. Anthony Wayne Cook

    Bernard M. Baruch

    Historian

    Prof. Albert Bushnell Hart

    Associate Directors

    Representative Sol Bloom

    Executive Secretary

    William Tyler Page

ADVISORY COMMITTEE
ON THE WRITINGS

    Dr. J. Franklin Jameson, Chairman

    Chair of American History and Chief of Manuscripts Division
Library of Congress

    Professor Randolph G. Adams

    Librarian William L. Clements Library

    University of Michigan

    President J. A. C. Chandler

    William and Mary College

    Dr. Tyler Dennett

    Editor, United States Department of State

    Dr. Charles Moore

    Chairman United States Commission of Fine Arts

    George W. Ochs-Oakes, Esq.

    Editor, New York Times

    Brigadier General John M. Palmer

    United States Army, Retired

    Victor H. Paltsits

    Chief of Manuscript Department
New York Public Library

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  •    1757


  •    Page


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, January 12
    Trial of mutineers -- Position of Mr. Walker -- Works at Fort Cumberland -- Evacuation of forts. 1


  •    To Captain Peter Hogg, January 26
    Accounts. 3


  •    To Captain James Cunningham, January 28
    State of affairs. 4


  •    To the Earl of Loudoun, January 6
    Sketch of what had been done by Virginia -- The Braddock expedition -- Troops poorly provided for -- Recruiting and acts of assembly -- Erection of forts -- Military laws and regulations -- The militia -- His own position in the army. 6


  •    Address of Virginia Regiment to Lord Loudoun, February 19


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, April 5
    Catawba Indians -- Stations of troops. 20


  •    To Richard Washington, April 15
    His position on the frontier -- The French on the Ohio and efforts of Virginia -- Sends tobacco for sale. 21


  •    Invoice of goods, April 15 23


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, April 16
    Council on Governor's orders -- The Catawba Indians -- Remonstrance of troops. 24


  •    Remonstrance of Virginia officers, April 16 25


  •    Council of war, Fort Cumberland, April 16 27


  •    To Colonel Adam Stephen, April 17
    Orders. 29


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, April 29
    Regimental matters -- Martial law -- Indians -- Pay for servants and deserters; for troops -- The construction of forts -- Militia -- Money accounts. 30


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, May 24
    Sergeant Feint -- Appointment of officers -- Reward for scalps -- Detachment for Carolina. 35


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, May 28
    Ammunition -- Indians -- Fort Duquesne. 37


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, May 29
    Atkins's delay -- Indians. 39


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, May 30
    Indians dissatisfied -- Indian agent. 39


  •    To John Robinson, May 30
    Indian policy -- Captain Gist. 42


  •    To Major Andrew Lewis, June 3
    Indian conference. 44


  •    To Captain Joshua Lewis, June 6
    Instructions. 44


  •    To Sergeant John David Wilper, June 7
    Instructions. 46


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, June 10
    Indians -- Batmen -- Detachment at Maidstone -- Cherokees -- Beef -- Captain Bell -- Lawrence Washington's estate. 47


  •    To John Robinson, June 10
    Departure of Indians -- Money and accounts. 52


  •    To Captain Robert McKenzie, June 11
    Horses for Indians. 54


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, June 12
    Resignations and appointments -- Militia and rangers -- Officers. 54


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, June 12
    Lieutenant Baker's victory -- Indian presents. 57


  •    To Lieutenant Richard Baker, June 12
    Report of his victory. 59


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, June 15
    Baker's scout -- Affairs at Fort Duquesne -- Disposition of troops -- Batmen. 60


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, June 16
    Expected attack on Fort Cumberland -- Militia ordered up. 62


  •    Council of war, Fort Loudoun, June 16 63


  •    Memorandum, June 16 65


  •    To Major Andrew Lewis, June 16
    Orders. 65


  •    To Captain John Dagworthy, June 16
    Reinforcements. 66


  •    To county lieutenants of Fairfax, Prince William, and Culpeper, June 16 66


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, June 20
    Fort Duquesne -- Strength of the French -- Spotswood's party. 67


  •    To Captain Alexander Beall, June 20
    News of French advance. 69


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, June 21
    News of French advance. 69


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, June 21
    Sortie from Fort Duquesne -- Error of Captain Dagworthy. 70


  •    To Colonel Robert Slaughter, June 21
    News of the French. 71


  •    To Captain Nicholas Minor, June 24
    Orders. 72


  •    To county lieutenants of Prince William and Culpeper, June 25 73


  •    To Major John Bell, June 25
    Calling out militia. 73


  •    To Doctor David Ross, June 25
    Provisions at Fort Cumberland. 74


  •    To Colonel William Fairfax, June 25
    The situation. 74


  •    To Captain William Lightfoot, June 26
    Orders. 76


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, June 27
    News of the French -- Work on Fort Loudoun -- Conduct of Militia -- Cannon. 77


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, June 28
    Captain Beall's proposition -- Indian affairs. 80


  •    To Colonel Henry Lee, June 30
    Discharges. 83


  •    To Major Andrew Lewis, July 1
    Orders. 83


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, July 8
    Indians -- Drafts. 84


  •    To John Robinson, July 10
    Desertions -- Dagworthy's false alarm -- Accounts -- Clothing. 85


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, July 10
    Militia -- Wagons and batsmen -- Equipment -- Accounts -- Indians -- Pay. 88


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, July 11
    Capture of deserters -- Their punishment -- Promotion of Captain McNeill recommended -- Return of strength -- Requests leave of absence. 92


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, July 12
    Courts-martial -- Vacancies. 95


  •    To Captain John Dagworthy, July 12
    Intelligence of Indians. 96


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, July 15
    Indians -- Militia -- Deserters -- Imprisonment of Cherokees -- Philadelphia post. 96


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, July 19
    Report of French and Indian advance. 98


  •    To Horatio Sharpe, July 20
    Deserters from Virginia -- Requests aid in capturing them. 99


  •    To Captain Peter Hogg, July 24
    Settlement of accounts. 101


  •    To Lieutenant Thomas Bullitt, July 24
    Courts-martial -- Equipment -- Enlistments. 102


  •    To Major Andrew Lewis, July 29
    Orders. 104


  •    To Captain Thomas Waggener, July 29
    Orders. 106


  •    To Captain Henry Woodward, July 29
    Orders. 107


  •    To Captain Robert McKenzie, July 29
    Orders. 108


  •    General instructions to all the captains of companies, July 29 109


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, July 30
    Imprisonment of Cherokees -- Drafts -- Leave of absence -- Indian depredations. 114


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, August 3
    Indian expenses -- Drafts -- Punishment of deserters -- Indian raids. 116


  •    To Captain Joshua Lewis, August 3
    Orders. 119


  •    To Captain Joshua Lewis, August 4
    Returns. 120


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, August 27
    Drafts -- Regimental returns -- French incursions -- Recruiting -- Explains his position and replies to criticism. 120


  •    To Richard Washington, September 10
    Tobacco shipments. 124


  •    To Anthony Bacon & Co., September 10
    Shipment and sale of tobacco. 125


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, September 17
    Deserters -- Army returns -- Indian management -- Attacks on frontiers -- Stores at Fort Cumberland -- Commissary. 126


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, September 17
    Colonel Corbin's charges. 131


  •    To Captain William Peachy, September 18
    The assertions of Colonel Corbin. 134


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, September 24
    Settlements deserted. 135


  •    To Reverend Richard Peters, September 30
    Introducing G. W. Fairfax. 136


  •    To Mary Washington, September 30
    Marriage of Charles Washington -- Orders cloths. 137


  •    To Richard Washington, September
    Chairs. 138


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, October 5
    Supplies -- Recruiting service -- Hostile movements of French -- Arrival of Cherokees -- Charge of ingratitude answered -- French spies. 138


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, October 8
    Thefts by Hamilton -- Incursion of enemy -- Defense of country impossible. 144


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, October 9
    Conduct of magistrates -- Tippling houses -- Lewis's expedition. 146


  •    To Lieutenant James Roy, October 23
    Instructions. 149


  •    To William Denny, October 23
    Indians. 150


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, October 24
    Necessity of reinforcements -- Captains Hogg and Rutherford -- Indians. 150


  •    To John Robinson, October 25
    Situation of inhabitants. 153


  •    To Captain Alexander Beall, November 1
    Complaint. 156


  •    To Robert Dinwiddie, November 5
    Treatment of Indians. 156


  •    To Reverend Charles Green, November 13
    Illness. 159


  •    To Thomas Knox, December 26
    Arrival of goods -- Tobacco. 159


  •    To Richard Washington, December 26
    Tobacco. 160


  •    1758


  •    To Thomas Knox, January
    Invoice of goods. 161


  •    To Richard Washington, January 8
    Damage to chinaware. 162


  •    To John Blair, January 30
    Settlement of accounts. 162


  •    To John Blair, January 31
    Indian affairs -- Gist's embarrassments -- Unfortunate time of visit. 163


  •    To John Blair, February 20
    Illness. 164


  •    To Colonel John Stanwix, March 4
    Major Smith's project absurd -- His unfitness to command -- Has thoughts of resigning because of ill health. 165


  •    To Richard Washington, March 18
    Goods received and ordered. 167


  •    To Thomas Knox, March 18
    Change of order. 168


  •    To John Blair, April 2
    Employment of Indians. 168


  •    To Richard Washington, April 5
    Goods desired. 170


  •    To John Blair, April 9
    Indians -- Assembling the regiment. 171


  •    To Brigadier General John Stanwix, April 10
    Congratulates him on his promotion -- Asks to be recommended to General Forbes -- An early campaign expedient -- Indians and their mercenary characters -- The place of rendezvous. 172


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, April 12
    Indian affairs -- St. Clair's return to Virginia. 174


  •    To Major Francis Halkett, April 12
    Satisfaction on prospects. 176


  •    To Colonel Thomas Gage, April 12
    Requests mention to General Forbes. 176


  •    To John Blair, April 17
    Accidental shooting of some soldiers -- Needs of the regiment -- Resignation of Joshua Lewis and promotions incident to it -- Appointment of a chaplain. 177


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, April 18
    Attitude toward Indians -- Number of allies -- The building of flats -- Votes of the assembly. 178


  •    To Major Andrew Lewis, April 21
    Recruiting -- Shooting exercises. 180


  •    To Captain William Henry Fairfax, April 23
    Receipt of letters -- Indians -- Sends money. 181


  •    To Brigadier General John Forbes, April 23
    Forbes's appointment -- Indians -- Assembling the Virginia Regiment. 182


  •    To John Blair, April 24
    Orders out the militia -- Mercer's request for exchange of officers most extraordinary -- Rutherford's company more useful in Virginia than in the south -- The recruiting service. 183


  •    To Lieutenant Colonel Adam Stephen, April 24
    Recruiting. 185


  •    To Captain Thomas Waggener, April 25
    Recruiting. 186


  •    To John Blair, April 26
    Money for recruiting. 187


  •    To Major Andrew Lewis, April 26
    Recruiting. 187


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, April 27
    Receipt of orders. 188


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, May 1
    Transportation -- Recruiting money. 189


  •    To David Franks, May 1
    Articles wanted. 190


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, May 4
    Report of a scouting party around Fort Duquesne. 191


  •    To John Blair, May 4
    Defeat of provincial troops -- Reinforcements of militia needed at South Branch -- Public arms -- Roads -- Recruiting expenses -- Case of John Berry -- Appointments in the regiments. 193


  •    To Major Francis Halkett, May 11
    No prisoners taken by friendly Indians this season -- Cherokees moving to Virginia -- Trickery of the Raven warrior -- Importance of the Indians. 198


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, May 11
    Raven Warrior's villainy -- Indian affairs. 201


  •    To Major Andrew Lewis, May 21
    Recruiting -- Duty. 202


  •    To Lieutenant Colonel Adam Stephen, May 24
    Orders. 203


  •    To Major Andrew Lewis, May 24
    Orders. 204


  •    To John Blair, May 28
    Wants of the force -- Allowance to officers -- Differences of pay -- Clothing -- Promotions -- Completing the regiment -- The case of Lieutenant Steenbugen -- Fort Loudoun -- The ranging company -- Indians and desertions. 205


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, June 14
    Want of arms; negro servant. 210


  •    To Captain Thomas Waggener, June 15
    Orders. 211


  •    To Lieutenant Joseph McDowell, June 17
    Orders. 212


  •    To Francis Fauquier, June 17
    Congratulations -- Stores -- Commissions -- Pay -- Clothing. 213


  •    To General John Forbes, June 19
    Unfortunate arrival of Cherokees -- Necessity of Indians and their utility -- Agent should be sent to Cherokee Nation with presents -- Indians at Fort Duquesne. 215


  •    To Francis Fauquier, June 19
    March of Prince William militia -- Short of men and of arms -- Expense. 219


  •    To Captain Thomas Waggener, June 19
    Orders. 220


  •    To Captain Thomas McClanahan, June 19
    Orders. 220


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, June 23
    March of troops -- Want of arms. 221


  •    To Colonel William Byrd, June 24
    Orders. 222


  •    To Lieutenant Charles Smith, June 24
    Orders. 222


  •    To Captain Robert Rutherford, June 24
    Orders. 223


  •    To -- Henry, June 24
    Repair of arms. 224


  •    To officer commanding North Carolina detachment, June 24
    Orders. 224


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, June 26
    His orders. 225


  •    To Captain Thomas Waggener, June 26
    Orders. 225


  •    To Sergeant John David Wilper, June 30
    Orders. 226


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 3
    Has marched from Winchester -- Question of forage -- Maryland forces and stores -- Drawing of provisions by servants -- Tools and men scarce -- How forts were garrisoned -- Clothes -- Indian dress recommended. 226


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 3
    Salt meat -- Wagon master. 229


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 7
    Arrival of Colonel Byrd -- Orders and directions needed -- Sharpe's road -- Catawba Indians have misbehaved. 230


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 9
    Road to Fort Frederick -- Flour. 232


  •    To Francis Fauquier, July 10
    Fort Cumberland -- Stores -- Indians. 233


  •    To Captain John Dagworthy, July 13
    Indian raid -- Tools. 234


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 13
    Encounter with Indians. 235


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 13
    Slow progress of road -- Indian dress approved for the men. 236


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 16
    Parties sent out to harass the enemy -- Plan for an irruption into enemy's country criticized -- Roads and Indians -- Currency exchanges. 237


  •    To Major Francis Halkett, July 16
    Pay difficulties -- Indian dress. 239


  •    To Lieutenant Colonel Adam Stephen, July 16
    Escort -- Indian dress. 240


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 19
    Dagworthy's party returned and working on bridge -- Election at Winchester. 241


  •    To Mrs. Martha Custis, July 20 242


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 21
    Will not attend election at Winchester -- Progress on the road -- Asks to be among the first to go forward -- Covers for locks. 242


  •    To Major Francis Halkett, July 21
    Provision returns -- Capt. Robert Stewart. 244


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 24
    Wagons -- Repair of roads. 245


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 25
    Second convoy of wagons -- Offers his views on the road -- No tolerable road from Rays Town -- Provisions -- Commissaries at fault -- Returns for forces. 246


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July 28
    Assembling the regiment -- Indians. 248


  •    To Gabriel Jones, July 29
    Thanks him for assistance at election -- Backwardness of expedition -- Conference on road. 249


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, July
    Considerations on a proposed expedition -- Provisions -- Attack in the woods of little advantage. 249


  •    To Colonel James Wood, July
    Thanks for part he took in election -- Entertainment of friends. 251


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 2
    The question of the road -- History of the Braddock road -- Difficulties to be overcome in constructing another -- Forage of importance -- Rivers to be passed -- Comparative distances -- Objection to dividing the army -- Advancing by deposits; first at Great Meadows, second at Salt Lick -- Time required. 252


  •    To Major Francis Halkett, August 2
    Bouquet determined as to road -- If the general coincides, all is lost -- His own motives. 260


  •    To Francis Fauquier, August 5
    Fatal resolution of opening new road -- Considerations urged on Colonel Bouquet -- Smallpox among troops -- Orders received to open new road. 261


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 6
    Orders as to road will be obeyed -- Duty to King and colony induced him to express opinion -- Men at work. 263


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 7
    Provision escort. 265


  •    To Thomas Walker, August 11
    Beef -- Road to Fort Duquesne. 266


  •    To Captain Robert Stewart, August 11
    Light Horse detail. 266


  •    To Sir John St. Clair, August 13
    Provision wagons. 267


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 13
    Wagons -- Clothing -- Road. 268


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 18
    Wishes to be sent forward -- Kelly on the comparative merits of roads -- Strong parties to be kept out -- Sickness in camp -- Convoy from Winchester. 269


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 19
    Scout reports. 271


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 21
    Arrival of Indians -- Questions as to Governor Sharpe's rank. 273


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 24
    Salt -- Beef and flour -- Indian ambush -- Reports of scouts. 273


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, August 28
    Melancholy reflections on campaign -- The roads. 275


  •    To John Robinson, September 1
    Fatal inactivity -- All is lost -- Conduct of the leaders -- The question of roads -- Strength of French at Fort Duquesne -- Representation should be made to the King -- Virginia a victim to the craft of her neighbors. 276


  •    To Francis Fauquier, September 2
    Progress on road -- Much time consumed -- Advance of army -- Condition of road taken -- Number of the French force -- Intelligence -- Considerations urged with Colonel Bouquet -- The general prejudiced by Pennsylvanians -- Garrison at Loyalhanna -- Major of brigade requisite -- Indians -- Letters on road sent. 278


  •    To Thomas Walker, September 2
    Wagons. 284


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, September 2
    Transportation of supplies -- Sick -- Conference with the general -- Scouting party. 284


  •    To Lieutenant Colonel George Mercer, September 9
    Flour. 286


  •    To General John Forbes, September 12
    Wagons. 286


  •    To Mrs. George William Fairfax, September 12
    Correspondence reopened -- A votary of love -- Mrs. Custis -- Mrs. Spotswood a reigning toast in camp. 287


  •    To Francis Fauquier, September 25
    The expedition of Major Grant -- Death of Major Lewis -- Bravery of Virginia troops -- Consequence of this affair. 290


  •    To Mrs. George William Fairfax, September 25
    Defeat of Major Grant -- Probable failure of expedition -- Personal gossip. 292


  •    To Francis Fauquier, September 28
    Grant's defeat -- Prisoners sent to Montreal -- Condition of the new road. 294


  •    To General John Forbes, October 8
    Line of march proposed. 295


  •    To Francis Fauquier, October 30
    Army matters -- Governor Sharpe at Fort Cumberland -- The road. 299


  •    To Francis Fauquier, November 5
    March against Fort Duquesne. 301


  •    To General John Forbes, November 15
    Building the road. 301


  •    To General John Forbes, November 16
    Road building -- Tools -- Desertions -- Provisions. 302


  •    To General John Forbes, November 17
    Orders to Armstrong -- Indians needed to gain intelligence -- Release of sergeant requested. 303


  •    To General John Forbes, November 17
    Acknowledges orders -- The road. 304


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, November 17
    Bullocks and guide. 305


  •    To General John Forbes, November 18
    Advance reported -- Errors of distance -- Fortifying and provisioning the camp. 306


  •    To Francis Fauquier, November 28
    Fort Duquesne fallen -- Future movements -- Little Carpenter's conduct -- Indians suing for peace -- Trade with the Indians. 308


  •    To Colonel Henry Bouquet, November 29
    Return of Virginia troops by way of Loyalhanna. 311


  •    To Francis Fauquier, December 2
    Force to be left at Fort Duquesne -- Post should be taken at Redstone Creek -- Indian trade -- Condition of Virginia Regiment. 312


  •    To Francis Fauquier, December 9
    Need of rest. 316


  •    To General John Forbes, December 30
    Measures to be taken by Virginia -- Confinement of troops a piece of rashness. 317


  •    1759


  •    To John Alton, April 1
    Directions. 318


  •    To Robert Cary&Company, May 1
    Announces marriage with Mrs. Custis -- Will consign tobacco as usual -- Prices. 319


  •    Invoice of goods, May 320


  •    To Richard Washington, May 7
    Bills of exchange -- Marriage. 321


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, June 12
    Goods ordered -- Direction of estates. 322


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, June 12
    Marriage -- Management of estates Tobacco -- Account current. 323


  •    To James Gildart, June 12
    Marriage -- Invoices -- Tobacco. 325


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, July 2
    Tobacco. 327


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, August 26
    Bills of exchange. 327


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, September 20
    Former letters -- Poor returns for tobacco -- The duty -- Three accounts should be opened -- Shipment of tobacco -- Proposes tobacco for his Shenandoah estate. 327


  •    Invoice, September 20 330


  •    Invoice of sundries for John and Patsy Custis, September 20 334


  •    Invoice for Mrs. Dandridge, September 336


  •    To Richard Washington, September 20
    Hopes to visit England -- Successes in America -- His retirement. 336


  •    Order on Bank of England, November 16 337


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, November 25
    Tobacco shipment. 338


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, November 25
    Tobacco shipment 338


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, November 30
    Loss of vessel -- Goods ordered -- Tobacco. 338


  •    To John Didsbury, November 30
    Shoes. 340


  •    1760


  •    Diary, January-February 340


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, April 28
    Tobacco shipment -- Goods ordered. 342


  •    To -- Farrel, July 30
    Tobacco shipment. 343


  •    To Richard Washington, August 10
    Disappointed in sales of tobacco -- Interest charged -- American affairs -- Prospects of his going to England remote. 344


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, August 10
    Tobacco loss and crop prospect. 346


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, August 10
    Interest on bank stock -- Tobacco -- Complaint against prices and quality of goods -- Ships to the Potomac -- Prospects of tobacco crop -- Drafts. 346


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, September 28
    Tobacco shipment -- Goods ordered -- Tobacco crop. 350


  •    To Charles Lawrence, September 28
    Clothes. 352


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, October 8
    Tobacco bills. 352


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, October 24
    Tobacco shipment -- Goods ordered. 353


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, November 5
    Purchase of entailed estate by Bartholomew Dandridge. 354


  •    To Captain Robert MacKenzie, November 20
    Reply to a request for a recommendation to General Amherst. 355


  •    1761


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, April 3
    Tobacco shipment -- Sales. 356


  •    To James Gildart, April 3
    Price of tobacco. 358


  •    To Van Swearingen, May 15
    Frederick election. 358


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, July 5
    Loss of a ship -- Tobacco shipment. 359


  •    To Richard Washington, July 14
    Tobacco consignment -- Canada and the Indians. 360


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, August 1
    Accounts -- Mistakes in shipments. 362


  •    To Reverend Charles Green, August 26
    Journey to the springs -- Provisions -- His health -- Stages of journey. 364


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, September 23
    Illness -- Grass seed. 366


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, October 12
    Orders of goods -- Tobacco -- Magowan's bill of exchange. 368


  •    To John Didsbury, October 12 369


  •    Invoice of sundries for John and Patsy Custis, October 12 369


  •    To Richard Washington, October 20
    His sickness -- Operations against the Cherokees -- Clothes ordered. 371


  •    Invoice of clothing, October 20 372


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, November 3
    Invoices -- Indian war. 372


  •    To Peter Stover, November 9
    Establishment of a town. 373


  •    1762


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, March 16
    Chariot for Fielding Lewis -- Tobacco. 374


  •    To Captain William Dandridge, May 20
    Ownership of a slave. 375


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, May 28
    Tobacco shipment -- Quality -- Finances Tobacco prices. 376


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, June 20
    Madeira -- Drought -- Tobacco. 379


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, September 18
    Mistakes in goods shipped -- Sales of tobacco -- Shipments -- Insurance. 380


  •    To Beverley Robinson, September 27
    Supplies ordered -- Personals. 382


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, September 30
    Tobacco shipment Prices -- Madeira. 383


  •    To George William Fairfax, October 30
    Death of his mare. 385


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, November 15
    Tobacco shipments -- Crop. 386


  •    To George William Fairfax
    Cart wheels -- John Askew. 388


  •    Tax memorandum 390


  •    To Thomas Johnson
    Navigation of Potomac. 391


  •    1763


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, April 26
    Tobacco lost -- Shipments. 391


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, April 26
    Tobacco prices -- Shipments -- Madeira. 392


  •    To Charles Lawrence, April 26
    Order and measurement for suits. 395


  •    To Robert Stewart, April 27
    His financial condition -- Heavy debts -- Will send £300. 396


  •    To Messrs. John and James Searls, April 30
    Madeira. 398


  •    To Robert Stewart, May 2
    Sends loan -- British merchants' complaint of colonial paper money. 399


  •    To Beverley Robinson, May 8
    Letter for Stewart -- Personals. 400


  •    To Burwell Bassett, July 5
    Frontier news -- Crops. 400


  •    To George Mason(?), July 17
    Expected visit. 401


  •    To Robert Stewart, August 13
    Pontiac's conspiracy -- Paper emissions. 402


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, September 27
    Tobacco sales -- Shipments -- Quality of goods received. 404


  •    To John Didsbury, September 27
    Shoes. 407


  •    To Richard Washington, September 27
    Failure to receive box -- Invitation to Mount Vernon -- Indian outbreak. 407


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, October 4
    Recommending Captain McGachin. 409


  •    Notes on the Dismal Swamp, October 15 410


  •    1764


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, January 22
    Tobacco shipments -- Nails and wine. 412


  •    To John Searles, January 30
    Wine. 412


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, February 13
    Tree-removing machine. 413


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, May 1
    State of accounts -- Tobacco shipments. 414


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, August 10
    Reasons for his indebtedness -- Interest on money -- Disputed charge. 416


  •    To Charles Lawrence, August 10
    Order for liveries -- High price of clothes. 420


  •    1765


  •    To Crosbies & Trafford, March 6
    Plow and other goods. 421


  •    To Carlyle & Adam, March 9
    Sale of wheat -- Manner of weighing. 422


  •    To Burwell Bassett, August 2
    Drought and condition of crops -- Elections. 424


  •    To Francis Dandridge, September 20
    Reasons for writing -- The Stamp Act and its effect on the Colonies -- Closing of the courts -- His situation. 425


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, September 20
    Tobacco prices -- Misdirected goods -- Hemp and flax. 427


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, September 20
    Tobacco shipment -- Accounts -- hemp and flax. 431


  •    To James Gildart, September 20
    Goods -- Tobacco -- Hemp and flax. 433


  •    1766


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, June 23
    Tobacco damage -- Quality -- Shipping charges -- Price of goods -- Invoices. 434


  •    To Josiah Thompson, July 2
    Has a negro to sell in the islands -- His qualities -- Purchase to be made with proceeds. 437


  •    To James Gildart, July 21
    Tobacco crop -- Hemp and flax. 438


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, July 21
    Scythes -- Goods -- Repeal of Stamp Act. 439


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, July 22
    Wheat riddles. 440


  •    To Captain Joshua Pollard, August 22
    Quality of tobacco. 441


  •    To Stewart and Campbell, September 4
    Tobacco agents -- Purchase of servant. 442


  •    To James Gildart, September 22
    Damaged tobacco. 443


  •    1767


  •    To Carlyle & Adam, February 15
    Wheat contract. 444


  •    To Doctor William Savage, April 25
    Bond. 453


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, May 17
    Delay of goods. 454


  •    Invoice for Mrs. Dandridge, May 17 454


  •    To Doctor William Savage, May 27
    Bond. 455


  •    To Captain John Posey, June 24
    Surprise at request for a new loan -- Consideration of assets -- Can not be security for further sums -- Advice to sell and move to the western country -- Depression general. 455


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, July 20
    Freight -- Interest charges -- Crop. 460


  •    Invoice for Master and Miss Custis, July 20 463


  •    To John Didsbury, July 20
    Shoes. 464


  •    To Charles Lawrence, July 20
    Clothing. 465


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, July 25
    Tobacco shipment -- Accounts -- Stamp Act repeal. 465


  •    To William Crawford, September 21
    As to lands in Pennsylvania -- Must be rich -- Proceedings to be taken -- Lands in the King's part -- Wishes to take some up in spite of proclamation -- A good deal to be secured -- Plan to be kept a secret. 467


  •    To Colonel John Armstrong, September 21
    Lands in disputed territory -- What proceedings necessary to obtain lands under Pennsylvania laws -- Crawford instructed. 471


  •    To Captain John Posey, September 24
    His demands and security examined -- Reasons for past advances -- Mason's loan -- His prospects -- Will go on his bond to Colonel Mason. 473


  •    To William Neale, October 19
    Mrs. Washington's debt. 477


  •    To Richard Starke, December 14
    Terms of rent. 478


  •    To Captain John West, Junior, December
    Colonel Colvill's estate. 480


  •    1768


  •    To Scott, Pringle, Cheape & Co., February 23
    Madeira and citron. 481


  •    To James Gildart, February 25
    Nonreceipt of goods -- Salt sacks. 481


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, March 10
    Mr. Magowan -- J.P. Custis's account. 482


  •    Notice to Colvill Legatees in England, March 10 483


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, May 5
    Tobacco. 484


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, May 5
    Tobacco. 485


  •    To Reverend Jonathan Boucher, May 30
    Wishes him to take Custis as a pupil -- Acquirements and provision to be made -- What will be necessary? 486


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, June 6
    Directions for a chariot. 488


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, June 20
    J.P. Custis's accounts -- Tobacco prices. 490


  •    To Charles Lawrence, June 20
    Clothes for himself and J.P. Custis. 492


  •    To John Didsbury, June 20
    Shoes for the family. 493


  •    To James Gildart, June 25
    Salt bags -- Tobacco. 494


  •    To Mrs. William Savage, June 28
    Release of bond. 495


  •    To Doctor William Savage, June 28
    Payment of bond. 497


  •    To Mrs. William Savage, July 4
    Release of bond. 497


  •    To Reverend Jonathan Boucher, September 4
    John Parke Custis's illness. 498


  •    1769


  •    To Reverend Jonathan Boucher, January 26
    Jacky Custis. 498


  •    To William Ramsay, January 29
    As to sending his son to college -- Will contribute to his expenses. 499


  •    To George Mason, April 5
    Measures necessary to counteract British aggression -- Starving their trade -- Advantages and obstacles -- Colonial debts and distress -- Extravagance -- What steps should be taken? 500


  •    To Charles West, June 6
    Purchase of West's land. 505


  •    To Captain John Posey, June 11
    His debts -- Offer for land. 507


  •    To Burwell Bassett, June 18
    To go to the springs -- The association. 511


  •    To Robert Cary & Company, July 25
    Goods and nonimportation agreement -- McLean's bill Tobacco. 512


  •    Invoice, July 25 514


  •    To Capel and Osgood Hanbury, July 25
    Tobacco shipment. 515


  •    Books for John Parke Custis, July 25 515


  •    To Captain John Posey, July 2
    Payment of his debts. 517


  •    To Captain John Armstrong, August 18
    At the springs -- Land speculations -- Indian disturbances misrepresented. 521


  •    To Captain Lawrence Sanford, September 26
    West India commodities. 522


  •    To William Ellzey, October 3
    Doctor Savage's bond. 523


  •    To Robert Hanson Harrison, October 7
    Settlement of Posey's affairs. 523


  •    To Hector Ross, October 9 525


  •    To Reverend Jonathan Boucher, October 14
    Health -- Books. 528


  •    To Lord Botetourt, December 8
    Claim of Virginia troops to land. 528


  • LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

  •    Nollekens's bust of Washington, ca. 1805 Frontispiece


  •    Plan of march for General Forbes, 1758 Page 297


  •    List of quitrents, 1765 Facing page 436


  • TABLE OF SYMBOLS

        The following symbols have been used to denote the place of deposit of Washington letters not found in draft or letter-book form in the Washington Papers in the Library of Congress:

  •    Indicating that the letter is in Washington's own handwriting *


  •    Chicago Historical Society [CH.H.S.]


  •    Clements Library, University of Michigan [C.L.]


  •    Connecticut Historical Society [C.H.S.]


  •    Harvard College Library [HV.L]


  •    Haveford College [HD.C.]


  •    Historical Society of Pennsylvania [H.S.P.]


  •    Huntington Library [H.L.]


  •    John Carter Brown Library, Rhode Island [J.C.B.]


  •    Maine Historical Society [M.H.S.]


  •    Maryland Historical Society [MD.H.S.]


  •    Massachusetts Historical Society [MS.H.S.]


  •    J.P. Morgan Library [M.L.]


  •    New Hampshire Historical Society [N.H.H.S.]


  •    New York Historical Society [N.Y.H.S.]


  •    New York Public Library [N.Y.P.L]


  •    New York State Library [N.Y.S.L]


  •    Rhode Island Historical Society [R.I.H.S.]


  •    Rhode Island Society of the Cincinnati [R.I.S.C.]


  •    Society of the Cincinnati [S.C.]


  •    University of Pennsylvania Library [U.P.]


  •    Virginia Historical Society [V.H.S.]


  •    Virginia State Library [V.S.L.]