Maiden of Ludmir
| Hannah Rachel Verbermacher | |
|---|---|
| Born | Ludmir, Ukraine |
| Died | Land of Israel |
| Nationality | Jewish |
| Other names | Maiden of Ludmir, Ludmirer Moyd |
| Occupation | Hasidic Rebbe |
| Known for | The only female Hasidic Rebbe |
The Maiden of Ludmir, (full name: Hannah Rachel Verbermacher), (1805–1888), also known as the "Ludmirer Moyd", was the only female Rebbe in the history of the Hasidic movement.[1]
Hannah Rachel Verbermacher was born in the early nineteenth century in the shtetl of Ludmir, Volhynia region of modern day Ukraine to Hasidic parents. Her father, Monesh Verbermacher.[2] was a devout Hasid of Rabbi Mordechai Twerski, known as the "Maggid of Chernobyl", as well as a wealthy businessman. He provided an extensive education for his only daughter, which included many fields of Torah study.
She appears not to have been a remarkable child, but underwent a transformation in her late teens. Declining marriage, she started to fulfill all the commandments, including those not incumbent among women, and increased her Torah study. She gained fame as a scholar and holy woman with powers to perform miracles.
As her fame grew she assumed functions generally reserved for Hasidic Rebbes, such as receiving female audiences and accepting kvitlach (prayer request notes), and to preside over a Tish (Hasidic celebration) (the traditional Sabbath meal in the company of one's Hasidim) at which she would offer Torah teachings and pass shirayim (leftovers from a Rebbe's meal), although many accounts say that she did so from behind a screen out of modesty.
However, she remained an anomaly and had to withstand strong opposition from the fiercely traditional Hasidic community, who were made ill at ease by this unusual woman. At some point the pressure for her to refrain from her activities grew strong, and her father asked her to consult with his Rebbe, the Maggid of Chernobyl, on the matter. The Maggid convinced her to discontinue her unusual behavior, and encouraged her to marry and assume the traditional role for Hasidic women.
After the visit to the Rebbe, Hannah Rachel temporarily halted her activities as a Hasidic leader and teacher. She even married, although it's disputed how long the marriage lasted.
Later she moved to the Land of Israel and settled in Jerusalem. There she attracted a small group of followers. On Shabbat afternoons, they would come to hear her recite words of Torah, and on Rosh Chodesh she would accompany them to Rachel's Tomb for prayer. She died on the 22nd day of the Hebrew month of Tammuz, and is buried on the Mount of Olives.
In recent years, there have been some who have raised awareness about her life, and small numbers have begun visiting her grave to recite prayers.
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Maiden_of_Ludmir] [1]
- ^ Deutsch, Nathaniel (2003). The maiden of Ludmir: a Jewish holy woman and her world. University of California Press. pp. 75. ISBN 0520231910. http://books.google.com/books?id=K4WylwfJNOoC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=ludmir+ukraine&source=bl&ots=JO3zn_dyiT&sig=O1GzJqUHVK9337QgpyWluLw1acc&hl=en&ei=IX5HTfG-OcL98Abv9vHZBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CEsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=ludmir%20ukraine&f=false.
- The Maiden of Ludmir: A Jewish Holy Woman and Her World by Nathaniel Deutsch (University of California Press) ISBN 978-0-520-23191-7
- They Called Her Rebbe: The Maiden of Ludomir by Gershon Winkler (Israel Book Shop Press) ISBN 9780910818902
- From Sarah to Sarah: And Other Fascinating Jewish Women Both Famous and Forgotten by S. Feldbrand (Lishmoa Lilmod U'Lelamed) ISBN 9780976694618
