View source for Yishuv

=== Women's rights ===
Many women who immigrated to Israel came out of national Zionist motives who wanted the same rights as men and wanted to rebuild their land.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/202995|title=The Complex Identity of Religious-Zionist Women in Pre-State Israel, 1921–1948|first=Lilach|last=Rosenberg-Friedman|date=18 September 2006|publisher=|volume=11|issue=3|pages=83–107|via=Project MUSE}}</ref> In 1919 the first nationwide women's party in the [[New Yishuv]] (the Union of Hebrew Women for Equal Rights in Eretz Israel) was created, and [[Rosa Welt-Straus]], who had immigrated there that year, was appointed its leader, as which she continued until her death.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/welt-straus-rosa|title=Welt-Straus, Rosa – Jewish Women's Archive|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=QnLnZrwBw-EC&pg=PT396&lpg=PT396&dq=%22rosa%20welt-straus%22|title=Jewish Women in Pre-State Israel: Life History, Politics, and Culture|first1=Ruth|last1=Kark|first2=Margalit|last2=Shilo|first3=Galit|last3=Hasan-Rokem|date=15 March 2009|publisher=UPNE|isbn=978-1-58465-808-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/week-s-end/searching-for-the-banner-of-the-hebrew-woman.premium-1.516467|title=Searching for the banner of the Hebrew woman|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/second-aliyah-womens-experience-and-their-role-in-yishuv|title=Second Aliyah: Women's Experience and Their Role in the Yishuv – Jewish Women's Archive|publisher=}}</ref> The constituent assembly was voted upon in 1920 and 14 women were elected out of the three hundred and fourteen delegates.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.brandeis.edu/hbi/publications/workingpapers/docs/reinharz4.pdf|title=Timeline of Women and Women's Issues in the Yishuv and Israel|last=Reinharz|first=Shulamit|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> As well as the increase in the number of women filling public positions, the rate of women participating in the labor force increased steadily during the British mandate period in the Yishuv. With that being said, the employment opportunities at the beginning of the mandate period were very low and women were mainly limited to typical female occupations because the only other option would be to work in construction, which only pioneer women committed to as part of their feminist-nationalist outlook because those roles were considered inappropriate for women.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/women-in-yishuv-workforce|title=Women in the Yishuv Workforce {{!}} Jewish Women's Archive|website=jwa.org|access-date=2016-12-13}}</ref> Women were consistently more unemployed when compared to their male counterparts, regardless of [http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cyclical+fluctuation cyclical fluctuations].The wages for working women were constantly lower than the wages of their male counterparts, and throughout the Yishuv period, the average wage for women were 50 to 70 percent of male's wage.

Not only were non-religious women fighting for equality, but so were religious women. Female religious Zionists were faced with double the amount of barriers than a non-religious female Zionist because they were rejected from religious society because of their gender and they were rejected from secular society because of their religiosity<ref name=":0" /> In 1926 the [[haredim]], who preferred not to face the possibility of a [[plebiscite]], left the yishuv's Assembly of Representatives, and that year an official declaration was made (ratified by the mandate government in 1927) confirming "equal rights to women in all aspects of life in the yishuv – civil, political, and economic."<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=DpwFFZG9kDAC&pg=PA272&lpg=PA272&dq=israel%201926%20suffrage%20declaration#v=onepage&q=israel%201926%20suffrage%20declaration&f=false|title=Pioneers and Homemakers: Jewish Women in Pre-State Israel|first=Deborah|last=Bernstein|date=1 January 1992|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=978-0-7914-0905-3}}</ref> In 1935, the establishment of the national organization of religious pioneer women emerged. Its main goal was to improve the material status and spiritual welfare of the religious women workers and gain admittance to the [[Hapoel HaMizrachi|Ha-Po'el ha-Mizrachi]]. This organization grew from eight-hundred members in 1935 to six-thousand members in 1948.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/religious-zionist-movements-in-palestine|title=Religious Zionist Movements in Palestine {{!}} Jewish Women's Archive|website=jwa.org|access-date=2016-12-13}}</ref> Women gained rights with the establishment of the religious kibbutz movement by participating in Torah studies with men and by taking part in the co-ed activities that the Kibbutz offered.<ref name=":1" />