A. Human movement: snapshots and trends |
International migrant stocks (thousands), 1960 | 394.3 | |
International migrant stocks (thousands), 1990 | 57.6 | |
International migrant stocks (thousands), 2005 | 51.0 | |
International migrant stocks (thousands), 2010 | 49.1 | |
Annual rate of growth in international migrant stocks (%), 1960-2005 | - 4.5 | |
International migrants as a percentage of total population, 1960 | 3.4 | |
International migrants as a percentage of total population, 2005 | 0.2 | |
Female share of international migrant stocks (%), 1960 | 51.5 | |
Female share of international migrant stocks (%), 2005 | 49.9 | |
Emigration rate (%), 2000-2002 | 8.1 | |
International movement rate (%), 2000-2002 | 8.5 | |
Internal migrant stocks (thousands), 1990-2005 | 6,800 | 1 |
Life time internal migration rate (%), 1990-2005 | 33.4 | 1 |
B. International emigrants by area of residence |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in Africa (%), 2000-2002 | 9.1 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in Asia (%), 2000-2002 | 13.2 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in Europe (%), 2000-2002 | 74.5 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in Latin America and the Caribbean (%), 2000-2002 | 0.2 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in Northern America (%), 2000-2002 | 2.8 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in Oceania (%), 2000-2002 | 0.1 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in countries with very high levels of human development (%), 2000-2002 | 82.8 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in countries with high levels of human development (%), 2000-2002 | 5.8 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in countries with medium levels of human development (%), 2000-2002 | 7.8 | |
Proportion of international migrant stocks residing in countries with low levels of human development (%), 2000-2002 | 3.5 | |
Countries' shares of total stock of migrants in Africa (%), 2000-2002 | 1.48 | |
Countries' shares of total stock of migrants in Asia (%), 2000-2002 | 0.69 | |
Countries' shares of total stock of migrants in Europe (%), 2000-2002 | 3.29 | |
Countries' shares of total stock of migrants in Latin America and the Caribbean (%), 2000-2002 | 0.09 | |
Countries' shares of total stock of migrants in Northern America (%), 2000-2002 | 0.18 | |
Countries' shares of total stock of migrants in Oceania (%), 2000-2002 | 0.03 | |
C. Education and employment of international migrants in OECD countries (aged 15 years and above) |
Stock of international migrants aged 15 years and above in OECD countries (thousands), 2000-2005 | 1,505.0 | |
Percentage of international migrants aged 15 years and above in OECD countries with less than upper secondary education, 2000-2005 | 61.1 | |
Percentage of international migrants aged 15 years and above in OECD countries with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education, 2000-2005 | 23.1 | |
Percentage of international migrants aged 15 years and above in OECD countries with tertiary education, 2000-2005 | 13.9 | |
Tertiary emigration rate to OECD countries (%), 2000-2005 | .. | |
Labour force participation rate of international migrants in OECD countries (%), 2000-2005 | 60.9 | |
Unemployment rate of international migrants in OECD countries (%), 2000-2005 | 19.8 | |
Unemployment rate of international migrants in OECD countries with less than upper secondary education (%), 2000-2005 | 22.6 | |
Unemployment rate of international migrants in OECD countries with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education (%), 2000-2005 | 19.0 | |
Unemployment rate of international migrants in OECD countries with tertiary education (%), 2000-2005 | 12.2 | |
D. Conflict and insecurity induced movement |
Refugees by country of origin (thousands), 2007 | 4.0 | |
Refugees by country of origin as a percentage of international emigrants, 2007 | 0.2 | |
Refugees by country of origin as a percentage of world refugees, 2007 | (.) | |
People in refugee-like situations by country of origin (thousands), 2007 | 0 | |
Asylum seekers by country of origin (thousands), 2007 | 0.5 | |
Internally displaced people (thousands), 2008 | .. | |
Refugees by country of asylum (thousands), 2007 | 0.8 | |
Refugees by country of asylum as a percentage of international immigrants, 2007 | 1.5 | |
Refugees by country of asylum as a percentage of world refugees, 2007 | (.) | |
People in refugee-like situations by country of asylum (thousands), 2007 | 0 | |
Asylum seekers by country of asylum (thousands), 2007 | 0.7 | |
E. International financial flows: remittances, official development assistance and foreign direct investment |
Remittance inflows (US$ millions), 2007 | 6,730 | |
Remittance outflows (US$ millions), 2007 | 52 | |
Remittance outflows per international migrant (US$), 2007 | 394 | |
ODA per capita (US$), 2007 | 35 | |
Remittance inflows per capita (US$), 2007 | 216 | |
Remittance inflows as a % of ODA, 2007 | 617.8 | |
Remittance inflows as a % of GDP, 2007 | 9.0 | |
Ratio of remittance inflows to FDI, 2007 | 2.4 | |
Percentage of remittance inflows by continent of origin - Africa | 0.2 | |
Percentage of remittance inflows by continent of origin - Asia | 8.0 | |
Percentage of remittance inflows by continent of origin - Europe | 88.4 | |
Percentage of remittance inflows by continent of origin - Latin America and the Caribbean | (.) | |
Percentage of remittance inflows by continent of origin - Northern America | 3.3 | |
Percentage of remittance inflows by continent of origin - Oceania | 0.1 | |
F. Selected conventions related to human rights and migration (by year of ratification) |
Year of ratification of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families , 2009 | 1993 | |
Year of ratification of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, 2009 | .. | |
Year of ratification of the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, 2009 | 1956 | |
Year of ratification of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 2009 | 1970 | |
Year of ratification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 2009 | 1979 | |
Year of ratification of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 2009 | 1979 | |
Year of ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, 2009 | 1993 | |
Year of ratification of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 2009 | 1993 | |
Year of ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, 2009 | 1993 | |
G. Human development index trends |
Human development index trends, 1980 | 0.473 | |
Human development index trends, 1985 | 0.499 | |
Human development index trends, 1990 | 0.518 | |
Human development index trends, 1995 | 0.562 | |
Human development index trends, 2000 | 0.583 | |
Human development index trends, 2005 | 0.640 | |
Human development index trends, 2006 | 0.648 | |
Human development index trends, 2007 | 0.654 | |
Revised HDI rank, 2006 | 130 | |
Real change in ranks, 2006-2007 | 0 | |
Long-term annual growth rate in HDI (%), 1980-2007 | 1.20 | |
Medium-term annual growth rate in HDI (%), 1990-2007 | 1.37 | |
Short-term annual growth rate in HDI (%), 2000-2007 | 1.63 | |
H. Human development index 2007 and its components |
Human development index value, 2007 | 0.654 | |
Life expectancy at birth (years), 2007 | 71.0 | |
Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above), 2007 | 55.6 | 2 |
Combined gross enrolment ratio in education (%), 2007 | 61.0 | |
GDP per capita (PPP US$), 2007 | 4,108 | |
Life expectancy index, 2007 | 0.767 | |
Education index, 2007 | 0.574 | |
GDP index, 2007 | 0.620 | |
GDP per capita (PPP US$) rank minus HDI rank, 2007 | - 12 | |
I-1. Human and income poverty |
Human poverty index (HPI-1) rank, 2007 | 96 | |
Human Poverty Index (HPI-1) value (%), 2007 | 31.1 | |
Probability at birth of not surviving to age 40 (% of cohort), 2005-2010 | 6.6 | |
Adult illiteracy rate (% aged 15 and above), 1999-2007 | 44.4 | 3 |
Population not using an improved water source (%), 2006 | 17 | |
Children underweight for age (% under age 5), 2000-2006 | 10 | |
Population living below $1.25 a day (%), 2000-2007 | 2.5 | |
Population living below $2 a day (%), 2000-2007 | 14.0 | |
Population living below the national poverty line (%), 2000-2006 | .. | |
HPI-1 rank minus income poverty rank | 50 | |
I-2. Human and income poverty: OECD countries |
Human poverty index (HPI-2) rank | .. | |
Human poverty index (HPI-2) value (%) | .. | |
Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 (% of cohort), 2005-2010 | 15.8 | |
People lacking functional literacy skills (% aged 16-65), 1994-2003 | .. | |
Long-term unemployment rate (% of labour force), 2007 | .. | |
Population living below 50% of median income (%), 2000-2005 | .. | |
HPI-2 rank minus income poverty rank | .. | |
J. Gender-related development index and its components |
GDI rank, 2007 | 111 | |
GDI value, 2007 | 0.625 | |
GDI value as a percentage of HDI value, 2007 | 95.7 | |
Female life expectancy at birth (years), 2007 | 73.3 | |
Male life expectancy at birth (years), 2007 | 68.8 | |
Female adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above), 1997-2007 | 43.2 | |
Male adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above), 1997-2007 | 68.7 | |
Female combined gross enrolment ratio (%), 2007 | 55.1 | 45 |
Male combined gross enrolment ratio (%), 2007 | 64.0 | 45 |
Female estimated earned income (PPP US$), 2007 | 1,603 | 6 |
Male estimated earned income (PPP US$), 2007 | 6,694 | 6 |
HDI rank minus GDI rank, 2007 | - 1 | |
K. Gender empowerment measure and its components |
Gender empowerment measure (GEM) rank, 2007 | 104 | |
Gender empowerment measure (GEM) value, 2006 | 0.318 | |
Seats in parliament (% held by women), 2008 | 6 | 7 |
Legislators, senior officials and managers (% female), 1999-2007 | 12 | |
Professional and technical workers (% female), 1999-2007 | 35 | |
Earned income (estimated), ratio of female to male , 2007 | 0.24 | |
Year women received the right to vote | 1959 | |
Year women received the right to stand for election | 1963 | |
Year in which a woman became Speaker or Presiding Officer of parliament or of one of its houses for the first time, as of 2009 | .. | |
Women in ministerial positions (% of positions), 2008 | 19 | |
L. Demographic trends |
Total population (millions), 1990 | 24.8 | |
Total population (millions), 2007 | 31.2 | |
Total population (millions), 2020 | 36.2 | |
Annual rate of natural increase of the population (%), 1990-1995 | 2.0 | |
Annual rate of natural increase of the population (%), 2005-2010 | 1.5 | |
Net international migration rate (%), 1990-1995 | - 0.3 | |
Net international migration rate (%), 2005-2010 | - 0.3 | |
Urban share of the population (%), 1990 | 48.4 | |
Urban share of the population (%), 1990 | 56.7 | |
Child dependency ratio, 1990 | 70.6 | |
Child dependency ratio, 2010 | 42.1 | |
Old age dependency ratio, 1990 | 6.8 | |
Old age dependency ratio, 2010 | 8.1 | |
Total fertility rate (births per woman), 1990-1995 | 3.7 | |
Total fertility rate (births per woman), 2005-2010 | 2.4 | |
M. Economy and inequality |
Total GDP (US$ billions), 2007 | 75.1 | |
Total GDP (PPP US$ billions), 2007 | 126.8 | |
GDP per capita (US$), 2007 | 2,434 | |
Annual growth rate of GDP per capita (%), 1990-2007 | 2.0 | |
GDP per capita (PPP US$), year of highest value, 1980-2007 | 4,108 | |
GDP per capita (PPP US$), year of highest value | 2007 | |
Average annual change in consumer price index (%), 1990-2007 | 2.6 | |
Average annual change in consumer price index (%), 2006-2007 | 2.0 | |
Income/expenditure share of the richest 10% of the population (%), 1992-2007 | 2.7 | 8 |
Income/expenditure share of the richest 10% of the population (%), 1992-2007 | 33.2 | 8 |
Ratio of the richest 10% to the poorest 10%, 1992-2007 | 12.5 | |
Gini index, 1992-2007 | 40.9 | |
N. Health and education |
Government expenditure on health per capita (PPP US$), 2006 | 98 | |
Government expenditure on health as a percentage of total government expenditure | 5.5 | |
Public current expenditure on primary education per pupil (PPP US$) | 1,005 | |
Public expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure, 2000-2007 | 26.1 | |
Percentage of total aid allocated to social sectors (gross disbursements), 2007 | 54.2 | |
Percentage of adults with low educational attainment levels (% aged 25 and above) | .. | |
Percentage of adults with medium educational attainment levels (% aged 25 and above) | .. | |
Percentage of adults with high educational attainment levels (% aged 25 and above) | .. | |
Under 5 mortality rate in the highest quintile of wealth (per 1,000 live births) | 78 | |
Under 5 mortality rate in the highest quintile of wealth (per 1,000 live births) | 26 | |
Under 5 mortality rate for children of mothers with at least secondary education (per 1,000 live births) | 63 | |
Under 5 mortality rate for children of mothers with at least secondary education (per 1,000 live births) | 27 | |
Healthy life expectancy at birth (years), 2007 | 63 | |
Unhealthy life expectancy (%), 2007 | 11 | |