INTRODUCTION
There are museums and galleries of all sizes and interests all over the
city. Some are nearly miniscule with few items exhibited and others are
so large it is rather overwhelming.
Many treasures have been looted or destroyed over the turbulent years
of Chinese history, but many discoveries in the last twenty five or so
years have added greatly to the government's treasures.
The museums may be tucked away in nearly every historical venue in Beijing.
In recent years art galleries have sprung up all over the city as the
population becomes more and more affluent giving young Chinese artists
the opportunity to exhibit and sell their work.
THE
CHINESE MILITARY MUSEUM
The
Chinese Military Museum is located in western Beijing just south of the
beautiful Yuyuantan Park. The exhibits cover 5,000 years of Chinese
Military history.
The permanent exhibits include: Hall
of the Northern Expedition and Agrarian War, Hall of the War of Resistance
Against Japanese Aggression, Hall of the National Liberation Wars, Hall
of Weapons, Hall of Ancient Wars, Hall of Modern Wars.
The museum also hosts special exhibitions on
national defense, science and technology, and Chinese culture and arts.
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THE
MUSEUM OF THE CHINESE REVOLUTION
A visit to this excellent museum gives an introduction
to modern Chinese history from the Opium War to the founding of the People's
Republic of China in 1949. The Museum is located on the east side
of Tian'anmen Square and shares the building with the Museum of Chinese
History.
Exhibits highlight the Opium Wars, the 1911
revolution, founding of the Communist Party in 1921, the Japanese invasion
in 1937, and Mao Zedong's declaration of independence in 1949. English
translations are available for all exhibits.
Large Digital Clocks in front of the building
counted down the days, hours, and seconds to the return of Hong Kong in
1997, and Macau in 1999.
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MUSEUM
OF CHINESE HISTORY
Located on the east side of Tian'anmen Square
in the same building as the Museum of the Chinese Revolution.
Besides the permanent exhibits, special exhibitions
are held here. None of the exhibits have English translations.
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CAPITAL
MUSEUM
The Capital Museum houses nearly 200,000
valuable artifacts unearthed in the Beijing area. Among the treasures
are ancient coins, stoneware, bonzes, steles, jade, calligraphy and paintings.
At the core of the collections are 800 historical
relics which outline the history of the Beijing area.
The museum has also welcomed important exhibitions
from Japan, Malaysia, Singapore and the United States.
The Capital Museum, located in the Confucius
Temple on Guozijian Street, Dongcheng District, is where emperors
of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties worshipped Confucius, the noted Chinese
philosopher.
In the Confucius Temple musical instruments,
once used in the ceremonies, are displayed, as well as ancient steles
and stone tablets with the "Thirteen Classical Works".
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BEIJING
MUSEUM OF ANCIENT ARCHITECTURES
If you would like to see a large model of the
ancient city of Beijing, do not miss the Beijing Museum of Ancient Architectures
which is located on the old site of the Xiannong Altar.
This is China's first museum specializing in the collection, study and
display of China's ancient architectural technology, art, history and
development.
The Xiannong Altar was built in 1420 and was the site visited by Ming
and Qing Emperors to offer acrifices to famous gods and to hold tilling
ceremonies.
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TONGZHOU
MUSEUM
The Tongzhou Museum features 164 cultural antiquities of the past 2,200
years of the the suburban Beijing district of Tongzhou.
The museum is housed in a well restored Qing Dynasty compound with houses
around a square courtyard. There are colorful paintings in the rooms of
the houses. In the spring a fragrant lilac tree blooms in the center of
the courtyard's flower bed. A relief dragon sculpture surrounds the lilac
tree.
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LU XUN MUSEUM
Lu Xun is a noted modern Chinese writer. Most of his stories described
the sufferings of the Chinese people for the 25 years following the end
of the Qing Dynasty.
The museum houses some of his manuscripts, correspondence and diaries
as well as drawings with revolutionary themes. The museum is located in
the Xicheng District and is next to the compound which was his home at
one time. "The True Story of Ah Q" is one of his most famous stories.
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BEIJING
ART MUSEUM OF STONE CARVINGS
The site of the Wuta (Five Pagoda) Temple is home to this open air museum
which is the first museum in China specializing in the collection and
exhibition of stone carvings.
600 stone carvings are on display from the permanent collection of over
1,200. These date from the Han to the late Qing Dynasties. Explanation
texts are all in Chinese, but at times English speaking guides are available.
With permission, rubbings of the stone-carved steles can be made.
The museum is located at 24 Wutasicun, Haidian District.
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PEIKING
MAN SITE & MUSEUM
Near the village of Zhoukoudian, about 37 miles southwest of Beijing,
1920's and 30's excavations unearthed evidence of palaeolithic Man-Homo
erectus Pekinensis-which dates to 500,000 to 300,000 years ago.
There is now a museum near the original excavations, which hosts visitors.
The 'Peking Man' skull disappeared during World War II, but many other
artifacts remain and are exhibited.
SONG
QING-LING MUSEUM
Madam Song Qing-Ling was the wife of Dr. Sun Yat Sen who many Chinese
consider the founder of modern China.
The museum is housed in her large Qing mansion and contains many personal
items as well as pictures of her life with her husband. She lived at the
house from 1963 until her death in 1981.
When visiting do not miss a stroll in the lovely gardens of the home.
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BEIJING
POSTAL MUSEUM
Any philatelist will certainly enjoy a visit to this small but unique
museum in Xiao Baofang Hutong, Chongnei Dajie.
There is as much history in the building as in the collections exhibited.
It was the General Post Office of Beijing from 1905-07 during the Qing
Dynasty, and remained part of the postal system until it became a private
residence in 1959. The museum was established in
1996 and was restored to the original condition with carved beams and
painted rafters.
The exhibits include postal collections and historical photos celebrating
the one hundred year old Beijing Post.
Presently it serves as a functioning post office for the old Hutong neighborhood.
Philatelic services are available as well.
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THE
NATIONAL GEOLOGICAL MUSEUM OF CHINA
Originally established around 1916 by the Beijing Geological Survey, it
has grown from small beginnings specializing in geology and mineral resources,
into the largest geological museum in Asia.
It is visited by over 100,000 people each year and is located at Xisi
Hutong. The museum has been in its present location since 1958.
Displays of the over 120,000 items are divided into four main halls:
Hall of Geological Resources
Hall of the Earth History
Hall of Minerals and Rocks
Hall of Gems and Jades
Don't miss the huge dinosaurs and the primitive bird fossils.
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BEIJING
NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM
This natural history museum is the largest of its kind in China, and is
located in southern Beijing on the western edge of the Temple of Heaven.
The first floor is primarily devoted to zoology and could be considered
somewhat dull, but the second floor displays of cross sections of human
cadavers and pickled organs most certainly isn't.
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CLOCK
MUSEUM
Tucked away towards the rear of the Forbidden City is a marvelous treat,
the Clock Museum.
Most of the clocks are from the 17th and 18th century and were made by
English and French craftsmen for several Qing Emperors.
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PALACE
MUSEUM
The Forbidden City is also known as the Palace Museum and what treasures
there are within this architectural marvel.
Even though the Nationalist Chinese Army took thousands of the treasures
to Taiwan in 1949, and the Red Guards, during the Cultural Revolution
destroyed thousands of others, over 900,000 treasures remain.
The Palace Museum is the largest and the most important museum in China
and the treasures span thousands of years with some from the bronze age
during the Shang Dynasty, 1700-1027 BC.
Included in the collection are bronzes, painting and calligraphy, ceramics,
minor arts (lacquer, silverwork, jade and cloisonne') as well as textiles
(embroidery and silk tapestries).
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CHINESE
MILITARY MUSEUM
This museum is dedicated to the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and is
filled with large and small weaponry as well as paintings and photographs
of Mao Zedong from his appearance in Chinese history.
It is located at 9 Fuxing Lu, Haidian District.
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XU
BEIHONG MUSEUM
Xu
Beihong (1895-1953) is not a well known artist in the west, but is famous
in China for his realistic paintings of galloping horses on canvas. In
China the horse is an emblem of speed and perserverance.
Xu studied art in France and when he returned to China became an educator
and instructor of art. He is considered the father of modern Chinese painting.
All of his paintings are considered national
treasures.
When Xu died his wife donated 1200 of his works and his life's collection
of paintings by ancient and modern artists as well as over 10,000 books
and picture albums.
A small shop on site sells reproductions of his work. His life as an educator
continues as students from China and abroad come here to the museum to
learn from professors from the Central Academy of Fine Arts.
It is located at 53 Xinjiekoubri , Xicheng District.
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ARTHUR
M. SACKLER MUSEUM OF ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY
The Sackler Museum opened in 1993 on the grounds of Beijing University.
It occupies a building specifically designed and constructed for this
purpose and is close to the West Gate of the university. It was designed
to conform to the Ming Dynasty style structures, around a courtyard, and
to compliment the existing buildings on the university grounds.
For over seventy years these precious artifacts were stored in the archaeology
department of the university gathering dust. The well displayed items
cover over 280,000 years from the Paleolithic Period to the Qing Dynasty,
and include archaeological relics as well as early Chinese art.
To the west of the site which had been a part of the Old Summer Palace
which was destroyed in 1860, the gardens have been beautifully restored
and are the future site of the Jillian Sackler Sculpture Garden.
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BEIJING
ART MUSEUM
The Beijing Art Museum was founded in 1985 and is located in the Wanshou
Temple, the Temple of Longevity, in western Beijing.
The permanent collection includes bronze and
jade from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, (17th-3rd century BC), ceramics,
enamels, carved lacquerware, ivory, weavings and embroideries of the Ming
and Qing Dynasties. Ancient coins from China and Japan compliment the
other collections. There are over 50,000 items from the Neolithic Period
to modern times.
The Wanshou Temple was erected during the reign of the Ming Dynasty Emperor,
Wanli, to store Buddhist scriptures in Chinese. During the Ming and Qing
Dynasties birthday celebrations for the imperial family were celebrated
there.
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GREAT
BELL TEMPLE
The Great Bell Temple is actually a museum of hundreds of bells, and features
the Yongle Bell which is the larges bell in China. It is located in a
Buddhist Temple, Haidian District, on the Third Ring Road.
The Yongle bell weighs 46.5 tons and was cast during the Ming Dynasty.
English explanations of the casting of bronze bells in China are available.
When the bell is rung it can be heard 25 miles away.
Recordings of the Great Bell Orchestra are for sale on site.
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MUSEUM
OF THE CHINESE NATIONALITIES
The Museum of the Chinese Nationalities celebrates the architecture, folk
customs, food, arts and crafts of China's minority nationalities. Approximately
94 per cent of China's population are Han Chinese. The other 6 per cent
of the population are made up of over 50 minorities, or ethnic groups.
This large museum is located southwest of the Beijing Asian Games Village
next to the China National Olympic Center and it contains over 60,000
items of ethnic cultural relics.
Ethnic song and dance performances, art works, sports and festival activities
can be enjoyed by visitors.
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