Hussein of Jordan

This article may be unbalanced towards certain viewpoints. Please improve the article by adding information on neglected viewpoints, or discuss the issue on the talk page. (May 2010)

Hussein
King of Jordan
Reign	11 August 1952 – 7 February 1999 (&000000000000004600000046 years, &0000000000000180000000180 days)
Predecessor	Talal
Successor	Abdullah II
Spouse	Sharifa Dina bint 'Abdu'l-Hamid Antoinette Avril Gardiner Alia Baha ed din Toukan Lisa Halaby
Details and adopted children Issue
Princess Alia Abdullah II of Jordan Prince Faisal Princess Aisha Princess Zein Princess Haya Prince Ali Prince Hamzah Prince Hashim Princess Iman Princess Raiyah
House	Hashemite
Father	Talal of Jordan
Mother	Zein al Sharaf Talal
Born	14 November 1935(1935-11-14) Amman, Emirate of Transjordan
Died	7 February 1999(1999-02-07) (aged 63) Amman, Jordan
Religion	Islam

Hussein bin Talal (Arabic: حسين بن طلال‎, Ḥusayn bin Ṭalāl; 14 November 1935 – 7 February 1999) was the King of Jordan from the abdication of his father, King Talal, in 1952, until his death. Hussein lead Jordan through the Cold War and four decades of Arab-Israeli conflict.^[1] He recognized Israel in 1994, becoming the second Arab head of state to do so.

Hussein's family claims a line of descent from the Islamic prophet Muhammad. "We are the family of the prophet and we are the oldest tribe in the Arab world," the king once said of his Hashemite ancestry.^[1]

Contents 1 Early life and accession 1.1 Personal life 2 Reign 3 Six-Day War 4 Black September 5 1973 Arab-Israeli War 6 The Gulf War 7 Peace with Israel 8 Summit of the Peacemakers 9 Hebron Agreement 10 The Wye accords 11 Illness 12 Death 13 Honours 14 Books 15 See also 16 References 17 External links

[edit] Early life and accession

Hussein was born in Amman on 14 November 1935, to then Prince Talal bin Abdullah and Princess Zein al-Sharaf bint Jamil. After completing his elementary education in Amman, he was educated at Victoria College in Alexandria. He proceeded to Harrow School in England, where he befriended his cousin Faisal II of Iraq. He pursued further study at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.

On 20 July 1951, Prince Hussein traveled to Jerusalem to perform Friday prayers at the Al-Aqsa Mosque with his grandfather, King Abdullah I. A Palestinian extremist, fearing the king might negotiate a peace with the newly created state of Israel, opened fire on Abdullah and his grandson. Abdullah was killed, but the 15-year-old Hussein survived the assassination attempt, and according to the Jordanian government, pursued the gunman. The Jordanian government claims that the gunman turned his weapon on the young prince, who was saved when the bullet was deflected by a medal on his uniform which had been given to him by his grandfather.^[1]

In his autobiography, Uneasy Lies the Head, Hussein recalls how three days before that fateful day in Jerusalem, his grandfather turned to him and said: "I hope you realize, my son, that one day you will have to assume responsibility. I look to you to do your very best to see that my work is not lost. I look to you to continue it in the service of our people.”^[2]

He was appointed Crown Prince of Jordan on 9 September 1951. Abdullah's eldest son, King Talal, became King of Jordan, but within a year was forced to abdicate owing to his mental state (European and Arab doctors diagnosed schizophrenia).^[3] King Talal's son, Crown Prince Hussein, was proclaimed King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan on 11 August 1952, succeeding at the age of 16; because this was under the legal age, he was enthroned a year later, on 2 May 1953.^[1]

[edit] Personal life

King Hussein was married four times (never simultaneously):

• Sharifa Dina bint 'Abdu'l-Hamid (born 1929), on 18 April 1955. She was an Egyptian-born third cousin of King Hussein's father, King Talal. A graduate of Cambridge University and a former lecturer in English literature at Cairo University, the bride was 26 to the groom's 19. They separated in 1956 and were divorced in 1957, at which time Queen Dina became known as Her Royal Highness Princess Dina Abdul-Hamid of Jordan. She became an Egyptian citizen in 1963, and in October 1970, Princess Dina of Jordan married Asad Sulayman Abd al-Qadir, alias Salah Taamari, a Palestinian guerrilla commando who became a high-ranking official in the Palestine Liberation Organization.
  • Daughter: H.R.H.Princess Alia bint Al Hussein (born 1956). Married first to Sayyid Nasser Mirza, they have one child together, a son Hussein. They divorced in 1987. She remarried in 1988 to Sayyid Mohammed Al-Saleh; they have two sons, Talal and Abdulhamid.
• Antoinette Avril Gardiner ('Toni Gardiner'), (born 1941), on 25 May 1961, styled HRH Princess Muna al-Hussein from marriage. An award-winning field hockey player, former typist, and daughter of a British army officer turned innkeeper, Lieutenant-Colonel Walter Percy Gardiner, she was given the title Her Royal Highness Princess Muna al-Hussein and retained this title after they divorced on 21 December 1971.
  • Children:
    • His Majesty Abdullah II, King of The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (born 1962). The current King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Married to Rania Al-Yassin. They have four children: Prince Hussein, Princess Iman, Princess Salma and Prince Hashem.
    • His Royal Highness Prince Faisal bin Al Hussein of Jordan (born 1963). Lieutenant-General, former Commander of Royal Jordanian Air Force. Married to Alia Tabbaa (now known as Her Royal Highness Princess Alia Tabbaa). They have four children: Princess Ayah, Prince Omar, and twins Princess Sara and Princess Aisha.
    • Her Royal Highness Princess Aisha bint Hussein (born 1968). Brigadier-General of Jordan's Royal Jordanian Land Force. Married to Sayyid Zeid Juma, they have two children, a son Aoun and a daughter Muna.
    • Her Royal Highness Princess Zein bint Hussein (born 1968, Aisha's twin). Married to Sayyid Majdi Al-Saleh, they have two children: a son Jaafar and a daughter Jumana, and an adopted daughter called Tahani Al Shawan.
• Alia Baha el-Din Toukan H.M. Queen Alia al-Hussein (1948–1977), on 24 December 1972, after whom Jordan's international airport (Queen Alia International Airport) is named. She died in a helicopter crash in Amman, Jordan in 1977.
  • Children:
    • Her Royal Highness Princess Haya bint Hussein (born 1974). Married to Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Ruler of Dubai and has a daughter HH Sheikha Al Jalila.
    • His Royal Highness Prince Ali bin Al Hussein of Jordan (born 1975). Married to Rym Brahimi now known as Her Royal Highness Princess Rym al-Ali. They have two children, Princess Jalilah and Prince Abdullah.
    • Adopted daughter: Abir Muhaisen, (born 1972, adopted 1976). She attended Oldfields Prep School in Glencoe, Maryland, U.S.(boarding school).

• Elizabeth Najeeb Halaby (born 1951), (renamed Queen Noor al Hussein on her conversion to Islam), married in Amman on 15 June 1978
  • Children:
    • His Royal Highness Prince Hamzah bin al Hussein of Jordan (born 1980). Married to Her Royal Highness Princess Noor bint Asem of Jordan, third daughter of His Royal Highness Prince Asem Abu Bakar of Jordan, by his first wife, Princess Firouzeh Vokhshouri. Princess Noor became Her Royal Highness Princess Noor Hamzah of Jordan upon her marriage. They have a daughter, Princess Hayah
    • His Royal Highness Prince Hashim bin Al Hussein of Jordan (born 1981). Married to Her Royal Highness Princess Fahdah. They have two daughters: Princess Halaah and Princess Rayet Al Noor.
    • Her Royal Highness Princess Iman bint Hussein (born 1983).
    • Her Royal Highness Princess Raiyah bint Hussein (born 1986).

Hussein was an avid amateur radio operator and an Honorary Member of the Radio Society of Harrow^[4] (callsign JY1) and throughout his reign could often be found talking directly to other people around the world. An accomplished aircraft pilot, he also loved to fly airplanes (propeller and jet), as well as helicopters.

King Hussein was succeeded as king by his eldest son Abdullah II of Jordan.

[edit] Reign

In March 1956 Hussein established his authority over Jordan, and burnished his own nationalist credentials by dismissing Glubb “Pasha” as the commander of the Jordanian Army, and replacing all the British officers with Jordanians. This now mainly Bedouin army was fiercely loyal to him, due to tribal connections.

Hussein's rule was marred with secret collaboration with Israel and the United States, which often adversely affected the surrounding Arab States and peoples, including the Palestinians. These secret negotiations benefited the Jordanian people and more specifically the Hashemite dynasty in Jordan. Secret meetings between King Hussein and Israeli foreign ministers Abba Eban and Golda Meir began on or before 1963. At first the meetings took place in London at the home of Dr. Emanuel Herbert, King Hussein's physician. Dr. Herbert, a Jew who desired to help Hussein and the Israeli government became the confidential go-between for contact between Israel and Jordan. Jordan, sharing the longest contiguous border with Israel was very interested in maintaining a peaceful posture towards Israel. As Avi Shlaim states Hussein's "...purpose throughout the 1960s was to see if there was any way to resolve the dispute with Israel peacefully." ^[5] King Hussein sought to understand Israel's position and preferred dialogue to the futility of war with its many dangers. Much of this desire grows out of the threat from other Arab states, specifically the Ba'athist regimes in Iraq and Syria and Nasser's ideology of Arab nationalism which had heavily influenced the Army. The first secret meeting took place on September 24th 1963 between King Hussein and Yaacov Herzog, a diplomat with wide experience and special emissary of prime minister Levi Eshkol. ^[6] Among other things such as discussions regarding water rights, the purpose of the meetings were to plan and support Israeli and Jordanian initiatives in combating Fatah guerrillas. Hussein accepted minor raids into Jordanian territory by the Israeli Defence Forces. He would later state "I told them I could not absorb a serious retaliatory raid, and they accepted the logic of this and promised there would never be one". ^[7]

On Nov 13, 1966, Israeli military conducted a major incursion into Jordanian territory, violating their secret agreement with King Hussein, in what became known as the Samu Incident. Two days later, in response to the incident, in a memo to U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson, his Special Assistant Walt Rostow wrote: "retaliation is not the point in this case. This 3000-man raid with tanks and planes was out of all proportion to the provocation and was aimed at the wrong target," and went on to describe the damage done to US and Israeli interests:

They've wrecked a good system of tacit cooperation between Hussein and the Israelis... They've undercut Hussein. We've spent $500 million to shore him up as a stabilizing factor on Israel's longest border and vis-à-vis Syria and Iraq. Israel's attack increases the pressure on him to counterattack not only from the more radical Arab governments and from the Palestinians in Jordan but also from the Army, which is his main source of support and may now press for a chance to recoup its Sunday losses... They've set back progress toward a long term accommodation with the Arabs... They may have persuaded the Syrians that Israel didn't dare attack Soviet-protected Syria but could attack US-backed Jordan with impunity.^[8]

Perception of King Hussein's secret collaboration with Israel led to great dissatisfaction of his rule both at home and throughout the Arab World. President Gamal Abdul Nasser of Egypt often referred to Hussein as "an "imperialist lackey".^[9] Army Commander-in-Chief General Sharif Zaid Ben Shaker warned in a press conference that "If Jordan does not join the war a civil war will erupt in Jordan".^[10] In order to maintain credibility in the Arab world and maintain stability at home, on May 30 1967, King Hussein signed a mutual defense treaty with Egypt, and handed over command of the Jordanian military to Egyptian generals.

King Hussein, along with Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi of Iran donated $150,000 to the Chinese Muslim Association for the construction of the Taipei Grand Mosque.^[11]

[edit] Six-Day War

In June 1967, soon after Israel attacked Egypt, Jordan attacked Israel. Jordan lost control of the West Bank and east Jerusalem and saw its military shattered. In addition the country was, for a second time, over-run with many Palestinian refugees, fleeing the Israeli assault. Like on previous occasions, Israel did not allow the fleeing refugees to return to the territories it captured during the war. As a result, Palestinian refugees who fled the 1948 and 1967 wars, outnumbered Jordan's natural citizens. Most refugees were provided citizenship by the Hussein regime. Due to their sheer numbers, Palestinian factions in Jordan were able to exercise considerable authority essentially governing some areas of Jordan, leading to many considering them a state within a state. ^[12]

[edit] Black September

In September, 1970, in accordance with secret agreements with Israel and the US, Hussein ordered the forcible expulsion of the Palestine Liberation Organization by the Jordanian military. The attacks on Palestinian fighters and civilians further deteriorated King Hussein's image in the Arab and Muslim world.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] 1973 Arab-Israeli War

After the death of Egyptian president Gamal Abdul Nasser, his successor, Anwar Sadat, made several offers of peace and recognition, in return for the Egyptian lands captured by Israel during the six day war. The Israeli government rejected all offers, in line with US secretary of state Henry Kissinger's stalemate policy. .^[13] Sadat warned that Egypt would attempt to recapture the territories through war, but the Israeli government, perhaps due to the perception of the Israeli military invincibility after the six day war, mistook Sadat's threat as empty posturing.

Egyptian president Anwar Sadat and Syrian president Hafez al-Assad met King Hussein in 1973 to discuss the possibility of war. Hussein, fearing another loss of territory to Israel, declined. Furthermore, Hussein was suspicious of Sadat's promise to PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat to hand over the West Bank to the Palestinians in the event of a victory, as he considered the West Bank to be Jordanian territory. On the night of September 25, Hussein secretly flew to Tel Aviv to warn Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir of an impending Syrian attack. "Are (the Syrians) going to war without the Egyptians, asked Mrs. Meir. The king said he didn't think so. 'I think they [Egypt] would cooperate'". ^[14]

On Oct 6, 1973, Syria and Egypt attacked Israel without the aid of Jordan. Despite the war ending with an Israeli victory, the war led to Israel's taking Sadat seriously and engaging in negotiations which resulted in the return of captured Egyptian territories and the recognition of Israel by Egypt.

[edit] The Gulf War

Jordanian Royalty
Hashemite Dynasty

Abdullah I Children    King Talal I    Prince Naif    Princess Haya    Princess Munera    Princess Maqbouleh Grandchildren    Prince Asem Great Grandchildren    Princess Yasmine    Princess Sarah    Princess Noor    Princess Salha    Princess Nejla    Prince Nayef Talal Children    King Hussein I    Prince Muhammad    Prince Hassan    Princess Basma Hussein Children    Princess Alia    King Abdullah II    Prince Faisal    Princess Aisha    Princess Zein    Princess Haya    Prince Ali    Prince Hamzah    Prince Hashim    Princess Iman    Princess Raiyah Abdullah II Children    Prince Hussein    Princess Iman    Princess Salma    Prince Hashem Edit

Jordan remained neutral during the Gulf War primarily due to the country's severe economic reliance of Iraqi oil.

[edit] Peace with Israel

In 1994, Hussein concluded negotiations to end the official state of war with Israel resulting in the Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace which he had begun negotiating in secret with the Israelis in the 1960s. Between 1963—1994 he had held at least 55 secret meetings with leading Israelis including at least seven prime and foreign ministers.^[15] At the signing of the treaty at Wadi Araba on 26 October, Hussein described the event as the beginning of:

“Mutual respect between us all, tolerance, and the coming together of people, of generations to come beyond this time, to build and achieve what is worthy of them..."^[16]

During the negotiations of the treaty Hussein developed strong ties of friendship with Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. On 6 November 1995 Hussein gave a powerful speech at the funeral of his friend:

Full text: wikisource:Hussein of Jordan's Speech at Rabin's Funeral

“My sister, Mrs. Leah Rabin, my friends, I had never thought that the moment would come like this when I would grieve the loss of a brother, a colleague and a friend — a man, a soldier who met us on the opposite side of a divide whom we respected as he respected us. A man I came to know because I realized, as he did, that we have to cross over the divide, establish a dialogue, get to know each other and strive to leave for those who follow us a legacy that is worthy of them. And so we did. And so we became brethren and friends... And as I stand here, I am obliged to you, to my people in Jordan and to the world, to keep on doing the utmost to guarantee that we leave behind a similar inheritance.“^[17]

[edit] Summit of the Peacemakers

On 13 March 1996 the “Summit of the Peacemakers” was held at Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt hosted by Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Besides Hussein, those who attended included such dignitaries as Turkish President Suleiman Demirel, Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres, US President Bill Clinton, and Russian President Boris Yeltsin. The summit was convened in order to put the Israeli-Palestinian peace process back on track after a spate of suicide bombings in Israel. In his address to the gathering, Hussein stressed that those who use religious justifications for terrorist acts have tarnished the image of Islam, which is a religion of peace, tolerance and dialogue. Hussein also said that a dual approach must be used in the fight against terrorism. Sources of funding, training and operations must be cut off, and media coverage must not encourage terrorism. He added that States in the Middle East and throughout the world must eliminate those sources of despair that drive persons to perform such horrible actions, stating:

“We must shoulder our responsibilities and work together to protect the dignity of human beings, whoever and wherever they may be.”

[edit] Hebron Agreement

While refusing to negotiate on behalf of either the Palestinians or the Israelis, Hussein would offer ideas to bridge the gaps between the two parties. For instance, his 11th-hour intervention in January 1997 brought Palestinian Chairman Yasser Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to an agreement on the long-awaited withdrawal of Israeli troops from most of the West Bank town of Hebron.

[edit] The Wye accords

In 1997 when U.S. President Bill Clinton needed some prestigious heft to break the deadlock at the Wye Plantation talks, he invited Hussein, who was in the US undergoing chemotherapy treatment for cancer, to attend. Hussein received a standing ovation at the ceremony and praise from Clinton who said:

“The Jordanian Monarch was at the heart of the diplomatic breakthrough. His courage, commitment, wisdom and, frankly, stern instruction at certain times, were at the heart of this success. Every time he was in the room, he made us all become a little closer to the people we all would like to see ourselves as being.”^{[citation needed]}

Though the agreement hashed out at Wye followed the usual, complex course of mid-eastern affairs, Hussein’s input at the conference helped to sway the participants to at least begin to agree.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Illness

At the end of July 1998 Hussein made public a letter to his brother, Crown Prince Hassan, divulging that his doctors at the Mayo Clinic thought he had lymphatic cancer. By the beginning of August they had confirmed it. Hussein's lymphoma was of a type that responded to chemotherapy, which the King had already begun and his physicians were optimistic he could be cured. Speaking on Jordanian television via satellite, Hussein told his people, "Rest assured, I am not over and done with." Nevertheless, he looked fragile and pale. It was the 62-year-old monarch's second bout with cancer; he lost a kidney to the disease in 1992.^{[citation needed]}

On his way back to Jordan in January 1999, Hussein stopped in London.^[18] Doctors advised him to rest and stay in England for a few weeks, as he was still too fragile to travel. The King declined. According to sources present, he stated that,

“I need very much to feel the warmth of my people around me, there is work to be done and I will get the strength from my people to finish the business.“^[19]

Piloting his own aircraft^[20][21] as he did hundreds of times, he touched down into Marka military airport, where he was greeted by Royal family members, ministers, parliament members, and Arab and foreign dignitaries. Upon landing, Hussein prayed on the tarmac and insisted, again against doctors advice, on riding in an open white limousine as his motorcade passed through downtown Amman, straight to his new home in Al Hummar.^[18] It was a long journey in the pouring rain, and the king stood bravely greeting an estimated 2 million of his 4.6 million subjects who braved the elements and came out to greet their beloved monarch.^[22]

[edit] Death

Just before his death, Hussein made a constitutionally allowable change to his will, disinheriting the heir-apparent of several decades, his brother Hassan, in favor of his eldest son Abdullah. Then, with a recurrent fever, he abruptly returned to the U.S. clinic on 25 January 1999 for further treatment. He underwent a bone marrow transplant earlier that week, but the transplant failed, and the king returned home to die.

On 7 February 1999 King Hussein died of complications related to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. He was, at the time of his death, one of the longest-serving leaders in international politics.^[1] He had been the King of Jordan for over 46 years and in that time was plagued by a single problem that overshadowed every other in his political life: Peace in the Middle East. He did not live to see its resolution even though he is remembered as one whose efforts helped his neighbors, the Israelis and the Palestinians, to live in the peace that eluded him most of his life. In an interview with CNN's Christiane Amanpour in January 1999, Hussein stated:

“I still feel that those of us who work for peace and believe in peace have a very, very loud voice, and hopefully, wisdom and common sense will prevail.“^[23]

On 8 February the flag-draped coffin carrying the body of the King left his home which he called the "Door of Peace" Palace after the peace he forged with Israel. All five of his sons were in close attendance and an honor guard of Bedouin troops accompanied the casket of the monarch on a 90-minute procession through the streets of the capital city of Amman. An estimated 800,000 Jordanians (an estimated 20% of the country's population at the time)attended the procession.^[24] The funeral was attended by many dignitaries and statesmen from around the world.^[25] That same day the UN General Assembly held an Emergency Special Session in "Tribute to the Memory of His Majesty the King of Jordan".^[26]

[edit] Honours

• King Faisal II Coronation Medal-1953
• Collar of the Grand Order of the Hashemites of the Kingdom of Iraq-1953
• Grand Cordon of the Order of the Two Rivers of the Kingdom of Iraq-1953
• Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO)-1953
• Bailiff Grand Cross of the Venerable Order of Saint John of Jerusalem (GCStJ)-1955
• Grand Collar of the Order of the Nile of the Republic of Egypt-1955
• Collar of the Order of Military Merit of the Spanish State-1955
• Grand Cordon of the Order of Omayyad of Syria-1955
• Grand Cordon of the Order of Independence of Tunisia-1956
• Collar special class of the Order of the Propitious Clouds of the Republic of China-1959
• Collar of the Order of Pahlavi of the Empire of Iran-1959
• Collar of the Order of Muhammadiya of Morocco-1960
• Collar of the Order of Solomon of the Ethiopian Empire-1960
• Collar of the Order of Idris I of the Kingdom of Libya-1960
• Collar special class of the Order of Merit of Lebanon-1960
• Grand Collar of the King Abdul Aziz Decoration of Saudi Arabia-1960
• Collar of the Order of the Badr Chain of Saudi Arabia-1960
• Collar of the Order of National Merit of Guinea-1960
• Collar of the Order of the Redeemer of the Kingdom of Greece-1960
• Collar of the Order of Leopold^{[disambiguation needed]}-1964
• Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion-1964
• Collar of the Order of St Olav of Norway-1964
• Collar of the Order of the Tower and Sword of Portugal (GCollTE)-1964
• Knight of the Order of the Golden Spur of the Vatican-1964
• Grand Cordon of the Order of the State Crown of Malaysia (DMN)-1965
• Royal Victorian Chain-1966
• Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour of France-1967
• Grand Cross special class of the Bundesverdienstkreuz of West Germany-1967
• Collar of the Order of Mubarak the Great of Kuwait-1974
• Collar of the Order of the Chrysanthemum of Japan-1976
• Collar of the Order of al-Khalifa of Bahrain-1976
• Collar of the Order of Independence of Qatar-1978
• Grand Cordon of the Yugoslavian Grand Star-1979
• Collar of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Italy-1983
• Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB)-1984

^[27]

[edit] Books

The king wrote three books:

• Uneasy Lies the Head London: William Heinemann Ltd. (1962)
• My "War" with Israel London: Peter Owen. (1969) ISBN 0-7206-0310-2
• Mon Métier de Roi. Paris: R. Laffont (1975)

[edit] See also

• Hashemite
• Jordan
• Jordanian military ranks
• King Abdullah II

[edit] References

http://www.g3efx.org.uk/ Radio Society Of Harrow Special Thanks.

[edit] External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: King Hussein

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hussein I of Jordan

• King Hussein Bin Talal of Jordan \ A Photo Tribute.
• Ancestry of Antoinette Avril Gardiner (b. 1941)
• Obituary, NY Times, February 8, 1999 Death of a King; Cautious King Took Risks In Straddling Two Worlds
• A Living Tribute to the Legacy of King Hussein I - official Royal Jordanian memorial website
• Slide Show - Personal Tribute Page

Regnal titles
Preceded by Talal	Hashemite King of Jordan 1952–1999	Succeeded by Abdullah II
Awards
Preceded by Yitzhak Rabin	Ronald Reagan Freedom Award 1995	Succeeded by Bob Hope

Persondata
Name	Hussein Of Jordan
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	14 November 1935
Place of birth	Amman, Transjordan
Date of death	7 February 1999
Place of death