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Sudan Geography

    Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea

    Geographic coordinates: 15 00 N, 30 00 E

    Map references: Africa

    Area:
    total: 2,505,810 sq km
    land: 2.376 million sq km
    water: 129,810 sq km

    Area—comparative: slightly more than one-quarter the size of the US

    Land boundaries:
    total: 7,687 km
    border countries: Central African Republic 1,165 km, Chad 1,360 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 628 km, Egypt 1,273 km, Eritrea 605 km, Ethiopia 1,606 km, Kenya 232 km, Libya 383 km, Uganda 435 km

    Coastline: 853 km

    Maritime claims:
    contiguous zone: 18 nm
    continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
    territorial sea: 12 nm

    Climate: tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season (April to October)

    Terrain: generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in east and west

    Elevation extremes:
    lowest point: Red Sea 0 m
    highest point: Kinyeti 3,187 m

    Natural resources: petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold

    Land use:
    arable land: 5%
    permanent crops: 0%
    permanent pastures: 46%
    forests and woodland: 19%
    other: 30% (1993 est.)

    Irrigated land: 19,460 sq km (1993 est.)

    Natural hazards: dust storms

    Environment—current issues: inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification

    Environment—international agreements:
    party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection
    signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

    Geography—note: largest country in Africa; dominated by the Nile and its tributaries

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Revised 1-Mar-99
Copyright © 1999 Photius Coutsoukis (all rights reserved)