Rate of surface melt from July 8 (left) to July 12 (right) (Source: NASA)
NASA scientists say it's due to burst of warm air that lingered in that area during July
NASA scientists were baffled when satellites recorded the Greenland ice sheet melting at a faster rate over a four-day period this month than at any other time in its history.
Between July 8 and July 12 of this year, NASA satellite data showed that the Greenland ice sheet had melted significantly. In fact, the three satellites reported that the area of melting ice in the sheet increased from 40 percent to 97 percent in that four-day period.
"This was so extraordinary that at first I questioned the result: was this real or was it due to a data error?" said Son Nghiem from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.
Nghiem confirmed the results along with climatologists Marco Tedesco from the City University of New York and Thomas Mote from the University of Georgia.
While temperatures went back to normal around July 21, scientists wondered what caused the rapid melting. The verdict? A burst of warm air that lingered in that area from July 8 until about July 16. According to Jason Box, a glaciologist from Ohio State University, this is the seventh summer in a row that a warm burst of air visited the ice sheet in the summer months. However, the massive rate of melting in the four-day period was anything but typical.
Jay Zwally, a glaciologist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, said the intense melt of the Greenland ice sheet was "unprecedented," and that this makes for strong evidence in favor of global warming.
"What we are seeing at the highest elevations may be a sort of sign of what is going on across the ice sheet," said Zwally. "At lower elevations on the ice sheet, we are seeing earlier melting, melting later in the season, and more frequent melting over the last 30 years and that is consistent of what you would expect with a warming climate."
The scientists are now concerned about the future of the Greenland ice sheet. While they say rapid melting occurs about every 150 years, there could be severe consequences for this kind of speedy melting. The sea level could rise and warm the arctic, according to Goddard glaciologist Lora Koenig.
"If we continue to observe melting events like this in upcoming years, it will be worrisome," said Koenig.
Source: The Guardian
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