The Function of Nutrients
|
Carbohydrate
|
- assists in the utilization of fats
|
Protein
|
- helps build and repair body tissues
|
Fat
|
- aids in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, A,D, K, E
|
Vitamin A
|
- aids in normal bone and tooth development
- aids in the development and maintenance of night vision
- aids in maintaining the health of the skin and membranes
|
Vitamin D
|
- a factor in the formation and maintenance of bones and teeth
- enhances calcium and phosphorus absorption and utilization
|
Vitamin E
|
- protects the fat in body tissues from oxidation
|
Vitamin C
|
- a factor in the development and maintenance of bones, cartilage, teeth and gums
|
Vitamin B1
(Thiamine)
|
- releases energy from carbohydrate
|
Vitamin B2
(Riboflavin)
|
- factor in energy metabolism and tissue formation
|
Niacin
|
- aids in normal growth and development
- factor in energy metabolism and tissue formation
|
Vitamin B6
|
- factor in energy metabolism and tissue formation
|
Folate
|
- aids in red blood cell formation
- may play a role in the prevention of neural tube disorders
|
Vitamin B12
|
- aids in red blood cell formation
|
Calcium
|
- aids in the formation and maintenance of bones and teeth
|
Magnesium
|
- factor in energy metabolism, tissue formation and bone development
|
Iron
|
- factor in red blood cell formation
|
Zinc
|
- factor in energy metabolism and tissue formation
|
Sodium
|
- required for normal cell function and regulation of blood volume
|
Potassium
|
- required for normal cell function
- needed for proper nerve, muscle and blood cell function
|
Fibre
|
- soluble fibre plays a role in lowering blood cholesterol and controlling blood sugars
- insoluble fibre promotes satiety (a feeling of fullness), which may help with weight management; it also promotes regularity important for normal bowel function
|
Adapted from: Health Canada (http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/labeti/guide/ch8e.shtml#a8_5) and Institute of Medicine of the Nation Academies. Dietary Reference Intakes. The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements. The National Academies
Press. Washington: 2006.