Description
Family Verbenaceae
Shrubs
or trees
, sometimes climbing
shrubs, rarely herbs. Indumentum of simple
, stellate
, and/or other complex
hairs
. Leaves opposite or rarely whorled
, without stipules, simple or 3-foliolate, less often palmately [or pinnately] compound
. Inflorescences terminal
or axillary
, racemose, cymose
, spicate
, or thyrses
. Flowers bisexual
or polygamous by abortion
, zygomorphic or rarely actinomorphic
. Calyx persistent
. Corolla 4- or 5- or more lobed
; lobes
usually spreading
, aestivation
overlapping. Fertile
stamens inserted
on corolla tube
, alternate with lobes; filaments
free
; anthers
dorsifixed
, 1- or 2-locular, dehiscing by longitudinal
slits or sometimes a circular pore
. Ovary entire or 4-grooved, 2-8-locular; ovules 1 or 2 per locule, erect
or pendulous. Style terminal, simple, entire or 2-cleft. Fruit a drupe or indehiscent capsule, sometimes breaking up into nutlets
. Seeds (1 or) 2-4, endosperm usually absent, seed coat
thin; embryo straight, as long as seed; radicle short, inferior.
Some 91 genera and ca.
2000 species: primarily tropical
and subtropical
, 20 genera and 182 species in China.
The classification of Verbenaceae is in a state of flux, especially regarding its relationship
to Lamiaceae. There is evidence to suggest a significant division between members
of subfamily
Verbenoideae, genera 1-5 in this account, and the remaining genera, including genera 6-20, which for convenience are here referred to as subfamily Viticoideae s.l. The latter are more closely allied to each other and to genera traditionally kept within Lamiaceae (including genera 1-8 in this Flora
) . Avicennia is often placed in a family
of its own, but its affinities are clearly with Viticoideae, especially genera 17-19 in this account which have traditionally been placed in a separate subfamily, Symphorematoideae.[1]
Genus Lantana
Shrubs
, climbing
, aromatic
, pubescent
or glabrous
. Branches 4-angled, sometimes prickly. Leaves petiolate
; leaf blade
simple
, crenate
, often rugose
. Inflorescences dense capitula, pedunculate
; bracts exceeding calyx. Calyx small, membranous, truncate
or sinuate
dentate
. Corolla nearly actinomorphic
or slightly 2-lipped, tube
slender; lobes
4 or 5, spreading
. Stamens 4, didynamous
, included
. Ovary 2-locular. Style shorter than corolla tube; stigma obliquely subcapitate
. Drupes with 2 1-seeded pyrenes.
About 150 species: tropical
and subtropical
America, one species naturalized in China.
Additional species grown as ornamentals
.[2]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
()
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lamianae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Lamiales
()
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family: Verbenaceae () - Jaume Saint-Hilaire, 1805, nom. cons. - verbénacées, verbenas
- Order:
Lamiales
()
- Bromhead, 1838
- Superorder:
Lamianae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
Notes
Publishing author : S.Moore Publication : Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4(3): 434 1895 [1894-96 publ. Dec 1895]
Similar Species
Members of the genus Lantana
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 99 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
L. achyranthifolia (Brushland Shrub-Verbena) · L. camara (Bush Lantana) · L. camara var. alba (Lantana) · L. camara 'American Red' (American Red Bush Lantana) · L. camara 'Anne Marie' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Bandana Cherry' (Bandana Cherry Lantana) · L. camara 'Confetti' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Cream Carpet' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Dallas Red' (Dallas Red Lantana) · L. camara 'Denholm' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Dwarf Yellow' (Dwarf Yellow Bush Lantana) · L. camara 'Goldsonne' (Goldsonne Lantana) · L. camara 'Gold Mound' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Irene' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Landmark Flame' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Landmark Gold' (Gold Lantana) · L. camara 'Landmark Rose Glow' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Landmark White' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Landmark Yellow' (Landmark Yellow Lantana) · L. camara 'Lucky Peach' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Lucky Red Hot Improved' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Lucky White' (Lucky White Lantana) · L. camara 'Lucky Yellow' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Miss Huff' (Miss Huff Hardy Lantana) · L. camara 'Monol' (Gold Rush" Bush Lantana) · L. camara 'Mozelle' (Mozelle Lantana) · L. camara 'New Gold' (New Gold Shrub Verbena) · L. camara 'Patriot Cherry' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Cowboy' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Desert Sunset' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Dove Wings' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Firewagon' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Hallelujah' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Honeylove' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Hot Country' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Parasol' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Passion' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Petticoat' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Rainbow' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Patriot Sunbeam' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Pink Caprice' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Pink Dawn' (Pink Dawn Lantana) · L. camara 'Radiation' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Red Spread' (Red Lantana) · L. camara 'Robpatche' (Patriot" Cherry Mounding Lantana) · L. camara 'Robpatcow' (Patriot" Cowboy Compact Lantana) · L. camara 'Robpatfir' (Patriot" Firewagon Mounding Lantana) · L. camara 'Robpathon' (Patriot" Honeylove Semi-Weeping Lantana) · L. camara 'Robpathot' (Patriot" Hot Country Mounding Lantana) · L. camara 'Robpatrai' (Patriot" Rainbow Compact Lantana) · L. camara 'Samantha' (Variegated Lantana) · L. camara 'Sonrise' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Sonset' (Lantana) · L. camara 'Variegata' (Lemon Swirl® Bush Lantana) · L. canescens (Hammock Shrub-Verbena) · L. cujabensis (Lantana) · L. depressa (Depressed Shrub Verbena) · L. depressa var. depressa (Rockland Shrub Verbena) · L. depressa var. depressa Small (Depressed Shrubverbena) · L. depressa var. floridana (Florida Shrubverbena) · L. depressa var. sanibelensis (Sanibel Shrubverbena) · L. depressa var. sanibelensis R.W.Sanders (Sanibel Shrubverbena) · L. exarata (Caribbean Shrubverbena) · L. insularis (Island Lantana) · L. involucrata (Button-Sage) · L. involucrata var. involucrata (Buttonsage) · L. involucrata var. odorata (Fragrant Buttonsage) · L. montevidensis (Trailing Lantana) · L. montevidensis 'Lavender Swirl' (Trailing Lantana) · L. montevidensis 'Loneweep' (Trailing Lantana) · L. montevidensis 'Peaches & Cream' (Trailing Lantana) · L. montevidensis 'Pot O' Gold' (Trailing Lantana) · L. montevidensis 'Silver Mound' (Trailing Lantana) · L. montevidensis 'Trailing Lavender' (Trailing Lavender Trailing Lantana) · L. montevidensis 'Trailing White' (Trailing Lantana) · L. montevidensis 'White Lightning' (Trailing Lantana) · L. reticulata (Netted Shrubverbena) · L. sellowiana 'Mongen' (Sunny Daze® Trailing Lantana) · L. sellowiana 'Monma' (White Lightnin'® Trailing Lantana) · L. sellowiana 'Monswee' (Lavender Swirl® Trailing Lantana) · L. sellowiana 'White' (White Trailing Lantana) · L. strigosa (Rough Shrubverbena) · L. trifolia (Three-Leaf Lantana) · L. trifolia 'Lavender Popcorn' (Lantana) · L. urticifolia (Nettleleaf Shrubverbena) · L. urticifolia moldenkei (Nettleleaf Shrubverbena) · L. urticifolia subsp. moldenkei (Nettleleaf Shrubverbena) · L. urticoides (Texas Lantana) · L. velutina (Velvet Shrub-Verbena) · L. x 'Monet' (Spreading Sunset" Lantana) · L. x 'Mone' (Tangerine" Spreading Lantana) · L. x 'Monine' (Spreading Sunshine® Lantana) · L. x 'Moni' (Confetti" Spreading Lantana) · L. x 'New Gold' (New Gold Lantana) · L. x 'Sunburst' (Sunburst" Spreading Lantana) · L. 'Grandma's Hardy' (Grandma's Hardy Lantana) · L. 'Landmark Pink Dawn' (Landmark Pink Dawn Lantana) · L.'Lucky Lemon Cream' (Lemon Cream Lantana) · L. 'New Gold' (Gold Lantana)
More Info
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Further Reading
- A manual flora of Egypt / by Reno Muschler. With a preface by Paul Ascherson and Georg Schweinfurth. Berlin, R. Friedlaender, 1912. url p. 808.
- Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 358.
- Biologia centrali-americana; or, Contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico and Central America. London, Pub. for the editors by R. H. Porter and Dulau & co., 1879-88. url .
- Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. New York: The Garden, 1899- url p. 47.
- Cyclopedia of American horticulture: comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with ge by L.H. Bailey, assisted by Wilhelm Miller and many expert cultivators and botanists, illustrated with two thousand eight hundred original engravings. New York: Macmillan, 1906, c1900-02. url p. 883.
- Edwards's botanical register. 29 1843 London: James Ridgway, 1829-1847. url p. 53, p. 53.
- Hortus suburbanus Calcuttensis; A catalogue of the plants which have been cultivated in the Hon. East India Company's botanical garden, Calcutta, and in the Serampore botanical garden. By the late J. O. Voigt, printed under the superintendence of W. Griffith. Calcutta, Bishop's College Press, 1845. url p. 473.
- Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 144, p. 418, p. 557.
- Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 274.
- The Bradley bibliography; a guide to the literature of the woody plants of the world published before the beginning of the twentieth century; Cambridge, Riverside Press, 1911-18. url p. 758.
- The Verbenaceæ of the Malayan archipelago: together with those from the Malayan peninsula, the Philippines, the Bismark-archipelago, and the Palau-, Marianne- and Caroline-islands. .. / Groningen: M. de Waal, 1919. url .
- The gardener's magazine and register of rural & domestic improvement. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green, 1826-1844. url p. 206, p. 33.
- The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 1819.
- The vegetation of Mona Island, a paper read by invitation at the twenty-fifth anniversary celebration of the Missouri Botanical Garden, October 15, 1914. St Louis, 1915. url p. 47.
- Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2nd series: Botany 4 1894-1896 London. url p. 434.
- P'ei Chien & Chen Shou-liang, eds. 1982. Verbenaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 65(1): 1-229.
- P'ei Chien & Chen Shou-liang, eds. 1982. Verbenaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 65(1): 1-229.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 16, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 17, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 17, 2008:
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden: Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
- University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU: Herbarium WU
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8458549
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15895119
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863444-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 135312-2
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1434010
Footnotes
- Shou-liang Chen & Michael G. Gilbert "Verbenaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 1. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Lantana". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 2. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]