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Articles of Note

Sex has always been irrational, inarticulate, fraught with ambivalence and shame. Now an army of politicians and bureaucrats adjudicates it on campus. That's awkward... more»
The Berlin Wall created misery, but also an extensive laboratory for studying politics, economics, and human nature... more»
Paul Ekman is known for recognizing a lie just by the look on the speaker’s face. But has the psychologist stretched the truth?... more»
Shakespeare and the brain. Wordplay, poetics, figurative language: the Bard can teach cognitive scientists about meaning and the mind... more»
Stanley Milgram’s experiments were not so much about proving a hypothesis as about performing a play. Poor science, but great art... more»
In the digital age, we read strategically. We target, we search, we skim. We don’t dig; we sift. The result: information, not knowledge… more»
It’s genius season, when the MacArthur Foundation celebrates the already famous and rewards the much rewarded. All in the name of advancing creativity... more»
Marilynne Robinson thinks humans are brilliant creatures. And generally incomprehensible to one another... more»
“Why do you have so many Jewish friends?” the interrogator asked. Chomsky, Berlin, Steiner: How to explain? Surviving an Iranian prison... more»
“At the moment,” says Clive James, “I am in the slightly embarrassing position where I write poems saying I am about to die and I don’t”... more»
We treat procrastination as pathology, but why? Idleness, loitering, dawdling – these are often the keys to creativity… more»
The rags-to-riches narrative permeates the American psyche. From Franklin to Carnegie to his own father, John Swansburg ponders why... more»
Histories of philosophy are difficult to write. Bertrand Russell excelled. Then there’s Peter Adamson’s new, pun-laden work… more»
Behind the animatronic Adams and sexpot Eves that attract visitors to the Creation Museum is a humorless Australian named Ken Ham... more»
Karl Miller, founding editor of the London Review of Books, master of the aperçu and the clever one-liner, is dead at 83... more»
So we give up the pleasures of entertainment for the seriousness of art? Not even Henry James would agree... more»
Even the most egalitarian white people are guilty of bias, and one bias in particular: They assume the worst about black people... more»
In theory, all languages are equal. In practice, chauvinism reigns. Enter the radical linguists... more»
Donald Antrim, chronically underrated, had a year of recognition, which he calls “a very unexpected occurrence.” He didn’t expect to still be alive... more»
John Brockman, literary über agent and intellectual arbiter, wrote a trilogy of experimental, divisive books. Then, at age 32, he retired from writing... more»
That tenacious stock character, the depressed writer. Hemingway, Woolf, Wallace: We divine a link between creativity and madness. But is it a fiction?... more»
Americans are a people obsessed with living longer, a misguided and destructive obsession, says Ezekiel Emanuel. He wants to die at 75... more»
We start our embryonic lives as females, so how different can the sexes really be? Very, says Lewis Wolpert. Not least in how we think, play, and write... more»
Martin Amis’s “bracingly weird” new novel, a satire set in a concentration camp, has received strong reviews. But German publishers aren’t interested... more»
Evolutionary psychology was once the butt of academic jokes. Now it’s everywhere – especially our sex lives. But are its insights bunkum?... more»
What is college for? To learn about history, science, culture. If students want to build a self, says Steven Pinker, they can do it on their own... more»
For more than 100,000 years, humanity has survived every natural disaster. Now the existential risk comes from our own creation: supersmart machines... more»
The idea that the Industrial Revolution made us happier, wealthier, more productive is deeply ingrained. What if it actually made things worse?... more»
What would Adorno or Horkheimer say about TV recaps and celebrity obsession? Probably that their greatest fears have been realized... more»
“Hold is the true purgatory of modern existence,” says Tom Vanderbilt, “a place of temporary damnation, filled not with cleansing fire but a gentle wash of music”... more»
Here’s a starkly misogynous artifact: the mid-20th-century marriage-advice column.The husband is always right (even when he’s very wrong)... more»
College at 15, marriage at 17, a mother at 19: What do those facts suggest about Susan Sontag? “Eagerness to grow up. I hated being a child”... more»
With millennia of inventions and discoveries at our back, humans have never been more powerful. But were we happier in the Stone Age?... more»
Metaphor used to be a poetic ornament. Then neuroscientists got involved, and a nascent theory of consciousness emerged... more»
Architects against Koolhaas. The starchitect and postmodernist issued clear commands for the Venice Biennale. A rebellion ensued... more»
“Analyzing humor,” E.B. White wrote, “is like dissecting a frog. Few people are interested and the frog dies.” Yet the study of funny expands... more»
According to Aristotle, to understand something we must grasp what it is not. We must come to terms with nothingness. But how?... more»
The scientific mood has soured. The emphasis is on taking down other scholars and falsifying results, not generating constructive ideas... more»
What to do with church bells in post-Reformation England? Run linguistic experiments and let boozy young men ring them for exercise... more»
In an early poem, John Updike described trash as a “wonderland of discard.” Now we know the wonders contained in his trash... more»
At 85, E.O. Wilson is still thinking big. He wants to prevent a mass-extinction crisis. How? By handing over half the planet to other species... more»
Who Is Elena Ferrante? The writer has never been interviewed in person, perhaps never even photographed. For her, celebrity is a choice, not an obligation... more»
Mary Beard made her name in part by studying how Romans relieved themselves (“togas up, chatting as they went”). Now she has a new role: feminist heroine... more»
Why are inequality and social immobility more enduring and extreme in the former Confederacy? Blame the lingering effects of slavery... more»
Society, politics, economics, culture; foreign and domestic; corporate and not-for-profit: The old categories are becoming obsolete... more»
The words we use to describe pain describe something about us, too. The rationalizations, the religious-speak, the martial metaphors... more»
Underline, transcribe, highlight: David Foster Wallace put his anxieties – writer’s block, self-loathing, mental breakdowns – in his marginalia... more»
Roomba rising. When we think of robots as humans, we open ourselves up to a gantlet of philosophical concerns... more»
Owen, Sassoon, Remarque: We know how World War I affected writers. Less understood is its cataclysmic impact on the musical world... more»
Nuclear annihilation, Stalin’s terror, the Holocaust: Martin Amis has positioned himself as a serious writer about serious topics. But is he?... more»
Despite the invective, Mary Beard does not feel bad about her neck or hair or teeth. “I’m a classicist, not an autocue girl.”... more»
Exposed teeth, bunched cheeks, crinkled eyes: A smile is a peculiar thing, not least because of the spooky similarity between laughter and crying... more»
Object lessons. A rusty, pockmarked milk can, a sculpture of two hands, an ivory figurine: Things loom large as other gods seem to fail... more»
Reading as addiction: Is Fifty Shades of Grey a gateway drug for literary fiction? Probably not. Yet we cling to the idea... more»
After E.M. Forster began A Passage to India, he was blocked for nine years. Who can say why? He was so timid and repressed... more»
Tony Judt’s story is also the story of the left: the imagination of the universal through the preservation of the provincial... more»
Teju Cole tweets a (very short) story. “The sentences are isolated, they’re naked, and so there is that much more scrutiny on how they work”... more»
Samuel Beckett, spy. In Nazi-occupied Paris, he went to work for British intelligence. “You simply couldn’t stand by with your arms folded”... more»
Frank Gehry had the Wiggle; Norman Foster the 20-06 Stacker; Zaha Hadid the Z. You haven’t made it as an architect until you design a chair... more»
In the 1990s, young artists feared selling out. Money and art, they thought, were best kept separate. Now young artists fear that no one is buying... more»
For the last 20 years of his life, James Baldwin lived in a hilltop village above Nice. His house is now derelict and vacant, full of flaking plaster and a piece of ancient baguette... more»
Who is Bob Dylan? An aging musician who likes privacy and sleeping with pet mastiffs. A better question might be: Why is Bob Dylan?... more»
“The only time I’ve ever been in a seminar where I have been the leading authority on the subject.” Geoff Dyer attends the Geoff Dyer conference... more»
Keats is regarded as the ur-aesthete – fragile, distant, unable to cope. Not so. He was immersed in radical politics and had a passion for science... more»
The gravity of Edward Hirsch’s expression suggests that something terrible has happened. Now the poet has turned grief into a masterpiece... more»
To survive as the wife or girlfriend of a rock star, a woman must cultivate a strange combination of poise, glamour, and willful self-obliteration... more»
Sex workers, snipers, silver-gelatin photos: The creepy, fascinating, and remarkably prolific life of William T. Vollmann... more»
In this age of fat fingers on tiny touchscreens, autocorrect is a necessity. Whom can we thank for this innovation? A man identified as Bill Vaginal... more»
Joe Queenan, who has attended roughly 1,000 classical-music concerts, offers a warning: Beware the savage, conscienceless, blue-haired ladies... more»
Harper Lee – 88, in a wheelchair, forgetful, largely deaf and blind – remains where she’s been for decades: trapped by the Mockingbird industrial complex... more»
These are hard times for the study of literature. Technology is ascendant, the humanities in retreat. But the activity of writing continues to redeem itself... more»
Work and its discontents. What followed the ascendance of tech culture? Surveillance, data mining, inequality, canned pep talks, disillusionment... more»
Bertrand Russell – dapper don, clever thinker, champion of moral conviction – got much right. About war and peace, however, he was consistently wrong... more»
“Tavern-botherer, whoremaster, and libertine.” Debauched from his Oxford days, the Earl of Rochester found a form that suited him: satirical poetry... more»
Derek Parfit is committed to philosophy, white shirts, yogurt, and Janet Radcliffe-Richards. This is the world’s most cerebral romance... more»
Has science forsaken philosophy? Moving beyond data and certainty, ancient scientists like Anaximander built a vision of the world... more»
The mystery of laughter. It has confounded philosophers, neurologists, and historians. Mary Beard is on the case... more»
What has become of Hitler studies? It’s complicated. Ron Rosenbaum meditates on “What we talk about when we talk about evil”... more»
Boston or Borneo, London or Lahore: The rise of global literature doesn’t mean that it doesn’t matter where a book comes from. It does... more»
In the 1870s, Isaac Newton’s private papers were turned over to a committee of Cambridge professors. The result? Chaos... more»
The birth of cool. What began as a word evolved into an attitude and then a way of life. Yet a question endures: What makes cool cool?... more»
Is contemporary philosophy too dry and technical for your taste? The ancient Greeks felt the same way. Anthony Gottlieb explains... more»
Leonardo was the first to sketch it, Van Gogh immortalized it, Heisenberg was stumped by it, you’ve experienced it: What is turbulence?... more»
Art history: Is the discipline the result of a childhood swap between two brothers? The strange saga of the banker and the bibliomaniac... more»
Heil hipster. Step aside, skinheads. German fascism has a friendlier, web-savvier, bearded face. These are strange times to be a neo-Nazi... more»
Locavore, gourmet, artisanal Top Chef, MasterChef: We live in an era of crazed oral gratification. Why? We’re homesick. Ron Rosenbaum explains.. more»
Jeff Koons has clout, money, fame, family, 128 employees, a customized Koonsmobile. What else does he need? To exercise naked, apparently... more»
Orwell at the ends of the earth. To finish Nineteen Eighty-Four, the writer moved to a desolate Scottish island. He slept with a gun under his bed... more»
Galileo’s Sidereus Nuncius is among the most extraordinary books in the history of scientific publishing – and among the most intricately forged... more»
Anti-Semitism, caustic sex jokes, class-based put-downs galore. The friendship of T.S. Eliot and Groucho Marx was anything but friendly... more»
In the late 19th century, painting was at a crossroads. It was a good time for radical ideas, for Cézanne to astonish Paris with an apple... more»
In animated movies for kids, the dead-mother plot dominates alongside the fantasy of the fabulous single father. Beware the exceptions... more»
Bernard-Henri Lévy – philosophe, dandy, freelance statesman – is 65 and peripatetic as ever. The secret of his vitality: “Don’t spend time with boring people”... more»
More than a machine, the elevator introduced codes of conduct, even ideas. It moved not only people and goods but also information... more»
It’s the new two-cultures divide: paper vs. ebook. Whether you’re a skimmer, skipper, or completist, the schism is about what it means to read... more»
The field of Yiddish linguistics is very small but very fractious. At issue: Is Yiddish an essentially Jewish language? Or another dialect of German?... more»
Before 1914, wars were typically presumed to be justified. Now they're suspect; everybody knows “the old lie.” A lesson learned too well?... more»
At 80, Gordon Lish hides from the sun and corrects the record. For instance, he wants you to know that he slept with only one student... more»
What can we learn from the odes of Pindar and Pelé? Sport isn’t about the athleticism of youth. It’s about mortality... more»
The mystery of human desire. Our Paleolithic libidos leave us in thrall to every unruly urge. How did we become such a downright kinky species?... more»
San Francisco is America’s incubator of utopias. And each one – hippie, techno-futurist – has produced a cuisine all its own. Glazed snails, anyone?.. more»
Consultants, conferences, seminars: Everyone is disrupting or being disrupted. The theory is hugely influential. And almost certainly wrong... more»
Jean Rhys, Elizabeth Bishop, Marguerite Duras: How is it that these women, so very bad at living, were so very good at writing about it?... more»
Shakespeare was 16 when Montaigne published his first essays. The line of influence isn't easy to discern, but it’s there... more»
Sir Walter Scott popularized the clan tartan; Madonna the kaffiyeh. When is it OK to steal from other cultures?... more»
The Goldfinch phenomenon. Donna Tartt’s novel is a masterpiece – or a cliché-ridden load of junk. Critics can't see beyond their preconceptions... more»... more»
Robert Silvers, renowned as a ruthlessly highbrow editor, starring in a Martin Scorsese film? It’s true... more»
In praise of bean counters. Accounting once occupied the attention of thinkers in religion, art, and philosophy. Yes, accounting... more»
Paul Auster doesn’t worry about how he’s received in India. Why do Indian writers think it’s so important to get published in the West?... more»
Every reviewer, at some point, becomes disgusted by the inconsequence of most books. Katherine Mansfield felt it early and deeply... more»
Charles Ives vs. classical music. The insurance tycoon-turned-composer was accused of amateurism and eclecticism. His work prevailed... more»
Before he shone as a novelist, Oscar Wilde was a book critic – a gifted, feisty, self-promoting book critic, who skewered his subjects... more»
The singular course of Stephen Greenblatt. At 21, on a bridge in Istanbul, he tore up his acceptance to Yale Law School. His life was literature... more»
“In pictures I can only go back over the same ground,” Matisse said in 1945. “Paintings seem to be finished for me.” He turned to decoration... more»
The identity of Little Albert, the baby terrified by psychologists in a filmed experiment, has been unknown for a century. Until now, perhaps... more»
Conveyors belts, literary sommeliers, in-house printing presses, "book wizards": Is this the future of the brick-and-mortar bookshop?... more»
Nazi art? There was no master aesthetic. Culture was ad hoc, improvised. Standards were dictated by whatever Hitler felt at any given moment... more»
Maya Angelou, memoirist, poet, calypso dancer, actress, civil-rights activist, professor, is dead. She was 86... NY Times... LA Times... Wash Post... NPR... WSJ... USA Today... CNN... Telegraph... Elizabeth Alexander... Gary Younge... Farah Griffin...
If the clouds hadn't cleared above Principe on May 29, 1919, Einstein would be just another physicist… more»
Tolkien's life work? Translating Beowulf. Some call the tale a mess, ruined by spoilers. But Tolkien always preferred monsters to critics... more»
In Tahiti, Gauguin created the pristine world he wanted to experience, rather than the fallen one he found... more»
How might the next James Baldwin be constrained by the possibility of his book's being stamped "Trigger Warning: Child Abuse"?… more»
In which an inveterate punster, after a lifetime of wordplay, enters the Pun-Off World Championships. And completely chokes... more»
In the wonder provoked by art, the interaction “between mind and the world is brought into focus,” says Jesse Prinz. It's a wonder rooted in nurture, not nature... more»
History is full of theories that were beautiful and wrong. Indeed, beauty and truth do not correlate. But the connection persists. Why?... more»
Here is Proust, here Jean Rhys, here Milton. Linda Grant’s library has been her life. Eventually it will be what relatives have to haul away... more»
Florence Josephine Mastin personifies the promise of a time when even a middling poet could find a large audience. She couldn’t exist today... more»
Carl van Vechten – critic, photographer, pansexual partyer extraordinaire – was Gertrude Stein’s greatest fan, and the most important, too... more»
The popularity of pets, nature films, zoos, wildlife tourism show how much we like to look at animals. Why? Evolution has an answer... more»
University presses are in a panic: The rise of e-books, the decline of subsidies, the new habits of academics: Will scholarly publishing survive?... more»
What makes a work of art an icon? Maybe a historical fluke. The “Mona Lisa” became famous when it was stolen, and popularity begets popularity... more»
Capitalism’s contradictions mean that the system will fail, says David Harvey. “The longer it goes on, the less likely that it will be a peaceful transition”... more»
Roast swan – deep red, lean, lightly gamy, succulent – was a favored dish in the court of Henry VIII. Why don’t we eat it anymore?... more»
Mythographer of the modern world. For Marina Warner, imagination and fantasy are not childish indulgences, but windows on reality... more»
Steven Pinker learned early that every intellectual needs an affectation. So he’s left his Spinoza-like hairdo – long, curly – unchanged since the 70s... more»
For life-hackers, getting through the day is a system to optimize. Their mentality suggests that something is off about the way we work... more»
In the digital age, humanity’s relationship with noise has changed little from the time of Gilgamesh. Turn it down! ... more»
At the beginning was the big bang. What banged, why, or what happened before, we could never know. Now we do... more»
We live in an age that glorifies the single study, the fast, definitive answer. In this crisis, we are complicit. Can social science save itself?... more»
Death is inescapable, but so is a craving for immortality. And for carbohydrates. You’d better skip those if you want to see 120... more»
In Beethoven’s time, conductors didn’t emote. Now they’re attention-hogging, arm-flapping maniacs. Are they necessary? Yeah, probably... more»
Wikipedia’s big success is a big problem. The crowdsourced encyclopedia allows misinformation to flourish and provides it with a cloak of respectability... more»
When the fatwa against Salman Rushdie came down, things turned nasty, and literary society took sides. Some of the divisions remain... more»
What are dreams made of? Male-female conflict, sexual desire, aggression. Put it this way: Dreams are a linchpin of reproductive fitness... more»
Why hasn’t natural selection weeded out a genetic propensity for schizophrenia? The answer might have to do with its links to creativity... more»
A Harvard professor’s claim that Jesus may have had a wife was met with fascination and incredulity. A new analysis has resurrected the debate... more»
Reluctant to bite into an insect? Consider the environmental and nutritional benefits of eating grasshoppers. Just think of them as “land shrimp”... more»
Hitler took aesthetic concerns seriously – all too seriously. But look closely: There are places where you might agree with him... more»
In the event of a mega-catastrophe, a civilization-erasing event, what is the most important piece of knowledge for humans to preserve?... more»
Few copies remain of the first edition of Borges's first published book. So when a copy turned up in late 1999, suspicions were aroused... more»
Growing up surreal. Boxing with Picasso, fleeing Nazis with Duchamp and Man Ray: For Cécile Éluard, daughter of Paul Éluard, life has never been dull... more»
Gabriel García Márquez, novelist, journalist, friend of left-wing causes, master of magical realism, is dead. He was 87... NY Times ... AP ... Reuters ... BBC ... Kakutani ... Guardian ... Edmund White ... Telegraph ... Independent ... WaPo ... LA Times ... Boston Globe ... New Yorker ... WSJ ... Paul Berman ... Financial Times ... Peter Carey ... Foreign Policy ... Irish Times ... Scotsman ... Salman Rushdie ... Angel Gurria-Quintana ...
Like a wonky heir to Tocqueville, Thomas Piketty has arrived in America. He has data, charts, and a plan to stem the country's “drift toward oligarchy”... more»
E.O. Wilson has only one functional eye, the left. And from an early age he focused it on little things... more»

New Books

Big Data was supposed to eliminate bias, make theories obsolete, and usher in a new Enlightenment. Still waiting... more»
John Gray doesn’t believe in beliefs. He strives to hold as few convictions as possible, a stance bizarre, perverse, and impossible to maintain... more»
Lemon juice, orange juice, onion juice; saliva, urine, blood, vinegar, aspirin, and a laxative: How to mix your own invisible ink... more»
“I do not like publication of letters,” wrote Samuel Beckett. Reading his letters, we see why he wanted to keep his private life private... more»
Childhood innocence: Its uses are economic as well as emotional. Consider the appeal of Shirley Temple… more»
Stoic, earthquake expert, humorist, dramatist: Was Seneca knowledgeable about death? Or a complete novice on the topic?… more»
August. 9, 1942: day 335 of the siege of Leningrad, where a makeshift orchestra of emaciated musicians performed Shostakovich... more»
Looking to blame someone for Kim Kardashian? Look no more. Oscar Wilde's your man: the first to become famous for being famous... more»
Picture a future of ever-smarter machines. Increased automation will make life easier. It will also erode skills, debase intelligence, and devalue work... more»
“The prospects for democracy globally remain good,” says Francis Fukuyama. The prospects for democracy in America, however, are grim... more»
In his letters, Samuel Beckett was painstaking about his finances, his language, and his aching mouth. But give him this: He was never boring... more»
We insist on prying into the lives of writers who seek privacy, like Harper Lee and J.D. Salinger. What is it we’re after?… more»
Can we learn moral heroism from books? The diary of Jean Guéhenno, mid-20th-century French intellectual, suggests so… more»
Tennessee Williams was always writing, at least in part, about his homosexuality. But the relationship between his plots and his private life is fuzzy... more»
Pirate, hobo, prisoner, prospector, Jack London preferred life to literature. “Every time I sit down to write, it is with great disgust”... more»
The making of Blaise Cendrars. The master of French modernism was a depressed, heavy-drinking ex-boxer, repeatedly unlucky in love... more»
Enter any research library and you’ll find introverted academics with disheveled hair. The modern archetype for genius is Einsteinian... more»
Religion poisons everything, encouraging wars, terrorism, and other forms of madness. This view is plausible, widespread, and wrong... more»
Defending the defenders of the humanities. Apologist arguments do them and their cause little good. But it’s not their fault... more»
If you think there is only one thing to know about censorship – that it is always bad – you’d be wrong. Censorship can be surprisingly benign... more»
Francis Fukuyama believes that liberal democracy is the destination of humankind. His case is undermined in a new book by Francis Fukuyama... more»
How can one shade evoke sickness, hope, hazard, the supernatural? Colors are uncertain things, green not least among them... more»
Coy letters, misleading testimony: Isaiah Berlin traded in secrets at the heart of the Zhivago affair. He would have had us believe otherwise... more»
When he wasn’t with Johnson, Boswell could be found at public executions. Watching other men die was preparation for his own demise... more»
The new chasm is not between science and art but between those who speak the language of money and those who don’t. John Lanchester explains... more»
Rock & roll appeals to those with little sense of history. Greil Marcus’s criticism is a brilliant rebuke... more»
For D.H. Lawrence, it was Bavarian gentians; for Jane Austen, syringa. What is it about flowers that summons the literary muse?... more»
Vladimir and Vera Nabokov were rarely apart. When they were, he wrote – about animals, other writers, other women, Jews, gay people... more»
Charles Ives only fitfully found an audience. His was a life of rejection, struggle, redemption. His big break: being weaponized in the Cold War... more»
Whether writing on porn, punk, politics, psychoanalysis, or patriarchy, Ellen Willis snarled and illuminated. She was always agitating... more»
Once broad and expansive, the humanities are now reserved for narrow academic purists. Just look what happened to philology... more»
When we know too much. Jorge Luis Borges, a grand literary ambassador, has been transformed into “Georgie,” the impotent, mama’s boy... more»
Eichmann was anything but banal and mindless, “a small cog in Adolf Hitler’s extermination machine.” The murder of Jews was his sacred duty... more»
Inventiveness was the hallmark of Harry Potter. So how to explain J.K. Rowling’s pedestrian, formulaic, and grotesque adult novels?... more»
Walter Benjamin, godfather to left-leaning cultural theorists, had a vexed relationship with academe. Tenure eluded him, perhaps by his own design... more»
We think of feminism as having unfolded in “waves” – first, second, and so on. Now it unfolds in hashtags, more identity than politics... more»
Winemaking has been revolutionized. Most everything being bottled is clean, fruity, smooth, easy to drink, and completely boring... more»
Horses and riders, youths and elders, men and women, animals being led to sacrifice: What is the Parthenon’s frieze telling us?... more»
Weimar: Where Goethe and Schiller found a home, Liszt blossomed into a musical genius; Bauhaus became possible, and Nazism took hold... more»
Long disregarded – from a “sixth-rate talent,” “the Pepsi of Austrian writing” – Stefan Zweig’s work deserves the attention it’s now receiving... more»
Yes, Eric Hobsbawm was a persistent and unabashed communist. But he was also profoundly bourgeois, of a distinctly Jewish sort... more»
T.S. Eliot attributed his inspiration to it; Philip Larkin described it as “the best remedy for a day’s work.” Gin has deep roots in beery Britain... more»
Long before Cuvier, Darwin, and Mendel, Aristotle was deciphering the mysteries of the cuttlefish's abdominal tract, the ambiguities of hyena genitals... more»
Life in Montmartre for Picasso and Matisse was deep blues, green skies, and chaos--all scented with musk and patchouli... more»
Ethan Zuckerman wants to combat provincialism in the digital age. How? Perhaps the rise of the e-flâneur is in order... more»
Philip Larkin was callous toward people – mother and lovers included. But he gushed in the presence of hedgehogs, squirrels, bunnies, and bears... more»
C.K. Scott Moncrieff – poet, soldier, spy, translator of Proust and Stendhal – died at 40 of esophageal cancer. About the cause... more»
The mystery of Murakami: No great writer has written as many bad sentences. Does his ugly prose serve a purpose?... more»
Generally full of boast and bluster, Hemingway’s letters do ring true on at least one subject: his anger at his parents... more»
Stricken with a litany of ailments, Bertolt Brecht was perseverance personified. “If the 20th century had had an Enlightenment, he would have been it”... more»
Proto-literary deconstructionist, media theorist, fiery communist, hash-smoking Jewish mystic: Readers find the Walter Benjamin they deserve... more»
James Bond had much in common with his creator, Ian Fleming: Sex, drinking, smoking, cruelty, vanity, and a fondness for Jamaica... more»
Irascible and defiant Beethoven is a cliché, yet it is true that he understood people little and liked them less. Music was his only joy... more»
Translating Tolstoy. His prose was so prolix, unpolished, and Russian that, for a time, few wanted to take it on. Then came Constance Garnett... more»
Boris Pasternak’s poems were perhaps his greatest achievement. But he was unimpressed. “Poems are unimportant. I don’t understand why people busy themselves with my verses”... more»
A satirical epistolary novel skewers the innards of American academe. Fun. But can it be satire if it barely registers as hyperbole?... more»
The sorrow and survival of François-René de Chateaubriand. “If I had killed myself, nothing would have been known of my catastrophe”... more»
Malcolm Cowley preferred journalism and literary hackwork to academe: “The real trouble with ivory towers is that people go cockoo in them”... more»
No one thinks of Dylan Thomas as a well-adjusted man who could hold his drink. He wasn’t and he couldn’t. But look beyond the mythology... more»
Does metaphor exist to connect us to the world, or to teach the limited nature of that connection, wonders Denis Donoghue... more»
The love of one’s self is a virtue, one that takes time and thought to cultivate. Vanity, however, is a vice. Clancy Martin parses the distinction... more»
Frankenstein and the feminists. For the critic Barbara Johnson, Mary Shelley was born to be a widow. “She looked good in black”... more»
Hume, Locke, and Mill have been relegated to academe. Why does Burke alone, among Britain’s great political thinkers, engage practicing politicians?... more»
Readers are dupes. That’s the paranoid logic of censorship. Literature incites, implores, proselytizes, disrespects – just as it should... more»
Elizabethans joked about venereal disease. Romans laughed at bald men. The history of humor is wildly inconsistent about what’s funny... more»
Introduced in 1833, the term "scientist" had grubby connotations. Natural philosophers thought deeply and wrote elegantly, scientists were data crunchers... more»
He mingled with Emerson and Thoreau, enjoyed wine and cigars with Trollope, Wilde, and Twain. Julian Hawthorne was the Zelig of his time... more»
Post-it notes, push pins, staples, pencils, pens, rubber bands: Jenny Diski on the many pleasures of the office stationery closet... more»
Humanity is diverse, and it’s appealing to think that each language provides its own lens on the world. Not so, but the myth persists... more»
Poor Joseph Epstein. Talent, wit, and style, but nothing to say. He makes the same arguments ad nauseam, with diminishing returns... more»
Machine intelligence is expected to reach a human level by 2075. This is likely to be either very good or very bad for humanity... more»
Artists once sought institutional acceptance. Now they just want to go viral. Is technology destroying the culture industry?... more»
“I think him specious and possessed of some quality which causes nausea,” Isaiah Berlin said of Isaac Deutscher. Ah, the catty groves of academe... more»
Marketing device, self-criticism, or something else entirely? What does it mean to stamp a book “Great American Novel”?... more»
The sorrows of young Beckett. Unemployed, broke, sickly, and ambitious, he channeled his inner Joyce – to poor effect... more»
The tedium of “evangelical atheism.” Do the New Atheists even know what religion is? They should reread their Nietzsche... more»
Muriel Spark’s was a puritanically nurtured soul. Joy, spiritual and otherwise, came with great struggle. This was not necessarily a bad thing... more»
Michael Oakeshott didn’t care about the opinion of other philosophers. A good thing, too, since other philosophers didn’t care for Michael Oakeshott... more»
Confronted by an extraordinary experience, Barbara Enhrenreich, atheist, has embraced an explanation that sounds an awful lot like religion... more»
From the Polish border to the Pacific, from the Arctic Circle to the Afghan frontier, authoritarian regimes are aglow with arrogant confidence... more»
Psychoanalysis has always involved the stories we tell ourselves about ourselves. It was from the beginning a Jewish literary enterprise... more»
What would Kant do? His maxims, applied to ethical quandaries, seem contradictory, incoherent, a mess. But there’s another way... more»
Filmmaker, novelist, polemicist: Everything Pier Paolo Pasolini did, he did as a poet – a strange and brilliantly melancholic poet... more»
John Carey would rather read Shakespeare than see it performed. He prefers to experience life through literature... more»
Theories of the novel – whether all-encompassing or specific – struggle under scrutiny. Does the novel defeat the fox/hedgehog divide?... more»
In the 19th century, space was reorganized, time was synchronized, the world became modern. We are the heirs of that change. Why have historians stopped caring?... more»
More than 6,000 languages are spoken today – a vast polyglot universe of idiolects and jargons. Some tongues travel, some won't translate... more»
Life at the Chelsea Hotel is suffused with a misty nostalgia: Eccentrics! Drugs! Cheap rent! Arthur Miller called it the “fog of exhausted inquiry”... more»
Can faith and spirituality be explained by science? Is transcendence a matter of brain chemistry? Strap on the ”God helmet“ and see... more»
Famous by the age of 23, dead before 30, Stephen Crane put his name to hackwork and masterwork, but left behind no diary and few letters... more»
Consider your essential self. Whether physical, psychological, or illusory – an ego trick? – a sense of essential me-ness emerges by age 2. Why?... more»
The discredited notion that language determines thought refuses to die. John McWhorter wants to settle the matter once and for all... more»
Jeff Bezos: prescient, ruthlessly competitive, hard to peg, he has more influence than anyone else over the future of reading. What does he want?.... more»
A literary man in political guise, Malcolm Cowley, discerning in arts and letters, was anything but when it came to communism... more»
A Freud for every era: scientist, clinician, provocateur, kook, critic, translator. We see the man we need to see... more»
People ask Carl Wilson: Isn’t life too short to waste time thinking about artists you dislike, such as Celine Dion? The way he sees it, life is too short not to... more»
Reason, nature, culture, the sublime, science, humanity, being, society: The quest to find a secular alternative to God is long, arduous, and continuing... more»
Dull, pressing, throbbing: From Donne to Sontag, we’ve struggled to describe pain. Would doing so enable a more creative world?... more»
Cold War geopolitics were, in no small part, a philosophical struggle. Intellectual sensitivities were on edge. A novel could make a superpower tremble... more»
Euripides, Schiller, Umberto Eco, and ... Dan Brown? In the literature of the arcane, now as then, conspiracy is key... more»
Affluent Austrian, wandering Jew, prolific author, Pan-European humanist, cheap populist, dandy, depressive, unblinking stoic: Who was Stefan Zweig?... more»
Tastes in physiques change over time. William the Conqueror's girth was mocked, but in 14th-century Paris, women strove for “beautiful loins and big bottoms”... more»
Hated by Coleridge, Byron, and Carlyle: Thomas Malthus, that “mischievous reptile,” was expert at making enemies of the Romantic poets… more»
The American short story has long been dominated by small, minimalist tales of disaffection, longing, and boredom. Blame John Updike... more»
America is obsessed with choice: myriad TV channels, the tens of thousands of items in the supermarket. At what cost to the national psyche?... more»
A new science of the mind that links evolutionary theory and neurology will transform everything. The intellectual landscape today? No, the 1890s... more»
Stop the presses! Karl Kraus, error-obsessed editor, would scrap a print run “because the milligram scales of my stylistic sense rejected a word”... more»
France in the 1920s and 30s was one of those places where scoundrels – unstable, even criminal – somehow achieved positions of prominence.... more»
Aristotle was a big walker – thus we call his philosophical school Peripatetic – but is there really a connection between moving feet and moving minds?... more»
The paradoxical politics of William Burroughs. An enemy of the left, he dreamt of public-works projects. Thus his nickname: Sultan of Sewers... more»
What is higher education for? We hear more and more about economic gain – for students, for society. Here’s another view, embattled but wiser... more»
Fear of missing out. It is the anxiety of our age. Just think of all that you’re missing because an algorithm hasn’t yet recommended it.... more»
For Rebecca West, “there was nothing as sad and lonely as the lot of a woman who did not have a man.” She had many men, most of them dastardly... more»
What happens when a talented thinker composes too many 800-word op-eds and 20-second sound bites? The shrinking of Charles Krauthammer... more»
In our child-centric age, nothing is more suspicious than a parent who doesn’t admit to an occasional urge to flee the home... more»
Beethoven is legend, myth, among history’s greatest artists. But he was also irritable, erratic, and plagued by gastrointestinal issues... more»
In China, the power of Mao's Little Red Book once gave an aspiring veterinarian the courage to castrate a pig. Now it's mere capitalist kitsch… more»
The question of Nelly. Bloomsbury's bohemians generally disregarded their servants. Virginia Woolf cared enough to commiserate… more»
Capa, Gellhorn, Hemingway, et al.: For a talented young cohort, the Spanish Civil War offered a heady rush of idealism and opportunism… more»
What makes a novel worth reading: All sorts of people can do justice to that subject. Academics, however, haven’t a clue... more»
Rise of the shelfie. Part literary criticism, part memoir, these books can feel like stunts. But they reveal something essential about the way we read now... more»
Montaigne on cocaine. Geoff Dyer’s books have no plot and are often based on dubious ideas. They work beautifully. Why? He puts life over literature.. more»
The Transcendentalists were great theorists of child rearing but not great parents. Hawthorne was no exception. Consider his son, Julian... more»
Duke Ellington may have lacked the technical brilliance of a Fats Waller or Art Tatum; his solos could be flat. But he was unrivaled as a bandleader... more»
More than a dualist, Descartes was a dinner-table raconteur, a student of animals, snowflakes, crystals, mathematics, music, and optics... more»
Big data’s predictive powers will transform our existence but will go on to inhibit the very behaviors necessary for social innovation... more»
Camus’s contemporaries were enthralled by abstraction and absolute ideas. But he rejected all of that for the messiness of reality... more»
Biographers tend to depict Stefan Zweig as a glamorous – if sexually perverted – cosmopolitan. But consider him, harried and confused, in New York... more»
Jonathan Swift was an early adopter of the maxim “Write what you know.” In his case, it was grotesque displays of bodily degradation... more»
In the hands of Christopher Lasch, narcissism was distorted, obscured from its roots. A valuable idea was turned into a personality disorder... more»
The education of Eleanor Marx was conducted at her father’s knee. She was Karl’s creation, though a formidable intellectual in her own right... more»
The history of translation is full of big, bizarre ventures. Behold The Dictionary of Untranslatables – 150 contributors, 400 entries, 11 years in the making... more»
Octopus!: It has a small brain but is a speedy learner; it can change color and shape in seconds; when bored, it may eat its own arms... more»
As a translator, Norman Thomas di Giovanni served Jorges Luis Borges well. As a biographer, not so much. Why the obsession with the man’s bladder?... more»
There is academic orthodoxy – race is a social construct, a cultural artifact – and then there’s the science. Reconciling them is getting harder... more»
In a post-theological age, it's a struggle to connect the truths of science to a sense of purpose. With no God, who will motivate us?... more»
It was a time of unprecedented accumulation of knowledge, of expanding cities and fading frontiers: The 19th century made the world we inhabit... more»
The folly of digital humanists. Valuing computer code over creativity, they’ve traded their birthright for a mess of apps. Adam Kirsch explains... more»
Old institutions like the National Endowment for the Arts are giving way to new ones, like Kickstarter. But shall we trust culture to a digital “democracy”?... more»
At the edge of anthropology is a push beyond the human, beyond the idea that meaning must originate with humans. In this world, a forest thinks... more»
As Jenny Diski gets on in years, she’s been stumped by two questions: How does she know she’s old? When can she start complaining?... more»
Can anyone “sigh blood” or play “whisper music” on her hair? No matter: As Aristotle knew, a command of metaphor is “the mark of genius”... more»
Stefan Zweig killed himself in 1942. Once among the world’s most popular writers, he was no longer so widely read. A revival was soon under way... more»
You’ve probably heard: Times have changed, universities have not. “Disruption” is imminent. So is graduate school for suckers?... more»
Social media don’t lead to addiction but do lead to drama. And that’s why we spend so much time online. We fear boredom, and that’s a problem... more»
Hugh Trevor-Roper’s trajectory – once eminent, then discredited – echoes the oldest of morality tales. Yet in death, his reputation has been revived... more»
Deconstruction is dead. So why the interest in Paul de Man? Because his end marked the end of something that transcended theory... more»
His work was censored by the Nazis, his studio bombed by the Allies. Still, the photographer August Sander was intent on finishing an unfinishable project... more»
To those who fancy the term “Kafkaesque,” Cynthia Ozick retorts: You don’t know Kafka. Your take is “reductiveness posing as revelation”... more»
Michael Oakeshott, author of dense, intricate works of philosophy: not a guy you’d expect to write pungent aphorisms. And yet.. more»
Cass Sunstein, mild-mannered, deliberative, professorial, occasionally a bureaucrat. Is he the most dangerous man in America?... more»
Freudian writers talk of works, papers, articles, lectures, and contributions, but not, for the most part, essays. Then there’s Adam Phillips... more»

Essays and Opinion

Cocteau, Wilde, Baldwin, Mann: It wasn’t an established canon of gay literature. It was what young Philip Kennicott could find... more»
If Terry Eagleton ruled the world: No sports, prisons, cellphones, or pomo cant. And Martin Amis would be compelled to issue calls to prayer at his local mosque... more»
Hearsay at the roots of history: In his time, Herodotus was known as a storytelling tourist. But the attacks on his reputation didn't let up... more»
From Bartleby to Joshua Ferris, the atmosphere of the office novel is one of disaffection. Recent stories tend to begin with layoffs... more»
The Our Bodies, Ourselves generation now have bodies that sag. Self-love has given way to self-loathing. Martha Nussbaum is having none of it... more»
The essay, as form, is part evidentiary proof, part amateurish sally. It’s always been that way, explains John Jeremiah Sullivan… more»
To be an aesthete in an idea-driven age is to risk being dismissed as irrelevant. Ask Terry Teachout. But don’t call him an intellectual… more»
Paeans to the printed word – scent, feel, heft – change nothing. Face facts: The book is in retreat, and so is literary culture as we know it... more»
Transfixed by his own mind, Richard Dawkins misses much that is important about human beings. John Gray on a monument to unthinking certitude... more»
Jenny Diski called Doris Lessing many things: “the woman I live with,” “benefactor,” “foster mother,” “friend,” “fairy godmother,” “Auntie Doris.” None of them seemed right... more»
Diana Athill didn’t set out to think about death. But she did, regularly, every day. Now she’s 96 and unafraid... more»
World War I was the supreme disillusionment. But the culture we connect with that – Picasso, the Futurists, Stravinsky – emerged before a shot was fired... more»
Oliver Wendell Holmes’s mollusk, Emily Dickinson’s snake, Melville’s Maldive shark: What about animals makes them such attractive poetic subjects? Their inscrutability, for one… more»
Think of a compelling idea for a film. Whatever you come up with has more cinematic sizzle than a documentary about the 50-year arc of a literary journal... more»
Academics devote their lives to the world of ideas. So why are they so inept at conveying them? Steven Pinker has answers... more»
Ever since Duchamp’s “readymades,” things have invaded the realm of art. But does presence alone signify aesthetic merit? Consider U2’s new album... more»
Adolf Eichmann was self-righteous, defensive, paranoid, incapable of thinking beyond clichés, and a fanatical anti-Semite. In short, he was banal... more»
“Be prepared to see something that you will not like,” Freud told his doctor. He opened his mouth. It was cancer. Freud started to plan how to die... more»
Behavioral economics has taught us to be wary of our own cognitive biases. But placing too much faith in our own irrationality is itself irrational... more»
Grasses, leaves, bark, clay, and dirt were once staples of a famine diet. Now they’re served at the world’s most exclusive restaurants... more»
Are generations real? Social scientists routinely make claims about millennials and boomers, but that may be little more than poll-sifted conjecture... more»
The music, the beards, the lack of talent: Are you fed up with hipster culture? Fine. But you have only yourself to blame for its ubiquity... more»
Would Scottish independence be the end of Britishness? “If it survives at all, it will become narrow, eccentric, strident and romantic,” says Ian Jack... more»
In place of belles-lettres, we have the bibliomemoir. Its mode is nostalgic, its ambition minor; it just might put you to sleep... more»
A philosophy of body art. A tattoo can be many things – testimonial, adornment, poignant reminder – but they all share a subtext: “Look at me”... more»
George Orwell was an “old-fashioned authoritarian” about the English language, imposing his rules and stifling the creativity of others, says Will Self... more»
The end of endnotes? Noel Coward would be pleased. “Having to read footnotes resembles having to go downstairs to answer the door while in the midst of making love”... more»
Male cultural supremacy is a thing of the past. Now women are the dominant voices. And nobody grows up anymore. Who killed adulthood?... more»
As time runs out. Rarely does a writer knowingly record his last words. And yet writing does tend to focus the mind on posterity... more»
When did “issues” – which conveys both judgment and understanding – become the perfect word for our postmodern times?... more»
Coded into economics and technology is an ideology of efficiency. Why not have everything we want – immediately? Ours is the Impulse Society... more»
How did creativity – a contemporary obsession – change from a way of being to a way of doing, from a sense of liveliness to a compulsion to make things?... more»
The office is like God: It’s everywhere, including, of course, in your pocket. Is that a worse fate than a lonely cubicle? Leah Price wonders... more»
The return of Luddism. Awash in techno-giddiness and gadget infatuation, skepticism is useful, essential, and in short supply... more»
When writers get cancer, they write about it. But is there anything new to say? Jenny Diski, newly diagnosed, forswears the clichés of the genre... more»
Twenty-five years ago, Francis Fukuyama declared the end of history and the triumph of liberal democracy. Today it’s an ideal in tatters... more»
Jeff Koons is an entrepreneur, not an artist. A Wall Street guy who forever changed the art world. His formula for success: size + garishness = big money... more»
Dear intellectuals: You have a responsibility to speak truth and expose lies. You are failing. You are docile, cowed, and impotent. Best, Fred Inglis... more»
In the combative “two cultures” debate, a case of epistemological humility shows up. The physicist Marcelo Gleiser on the intellectual arrogance of his field... more»
Against Transparency, Against Interpretation, Against Love: Has the popular posture of cranky provocation lost its edge?... more»
What distinguishes a celebrated yet largely unread classic from an enduringly popular classic? The answer hinges on a fraught term: universality... more»
Empathy is a force against selfishness and indifference. It requires no justification; it is an unalloyed good. So who could be against it? Paul Bloom... more»
David Mitchell’s novels span the globe. But don’t call him global. He is geologic. That the world is everywhere connected is a matter of metaphysical conviction... more»
The more we know about Hitler, the harder he is to explain. Another response to evil is to not ask why, to reject any search for answers. Martin Amis takes a third approach... more»
The perils of time-travel fiction. To draw a moral from the past can be pompous; to visit the future to warn about the present can be patronizing... more»
In the face of fatalism and pessimism, Roger Scruton is Sisyphus. His rock is still rolling, his search for transcendence goes on... more»
In an age of constant status updates, what becomes of art forms – like literary memoir – that thrive on concealment?... more»
In the writing world, editors rule and writers are second-class citizens. The problem: Editors go about editing whether it is necessary or not... more»
Geoff Dyer has described the hallmark of academic criticism as the fact that it kills everything it touches. Now that he’s the subject, he’s not so sure... more»
The curious case of David Bromwich. A professor of 19th-century British poetry turns to politics. Blame Edmund Burke... more»
What color, exactly, is Anna Karenina’s hair? How tall is Melville’s Ishmael? We “see” literature in our minds, but what does it mean?... more»
Time is a place and nostalgia a pleasure, says Willard Spiegelman, even if all paradises are lost – or never existed. Those over 50 know the feeling... more»
Literary critic as young hellion. Joseph Epstein was seduced by the “lush air of corruption” that surrounded women like Leona, a heroin-addicted prostitute... more»
On the page and in life, we are primed for beginnings. Endings are problematic, last impressions being so much more fraught than first... more»
If the Ivy League turns out so many soulless graduates, maybe imperfect professors are to blame. But they have little incentive to care... more»
Art is a value in and of itself, not a vessel through which political or social or religious beliefs are conveyed. Why do some liberals think otherwise?... more»
The cult of happiness – the very idea that happiness is actually attainable – has more and more of us depressed. What we need is a decent philosophy of failure... more»
The Brothers Karamazov is among those works of literature that transcend literature. It explains Russia’s history and presence in the world. It explains Putin... more»
First restaurants, now museums. Yelp has introduced a new vernacular of aesthetic judgment. One star is “eek!” Two is “meh.” Three is “A-OK!” Four is “Yay!” Five is... more»
Alexander Cockburn didn’t offer readers ideas, which from him were few and meager. He offered literary flair mixed with antipathy toward gays and Jews... more»
The midcentury middlebrow was an object of scorn to snobs like Dwight Macdonald. Much of middlebrow culture, however, was glorious... more»
The allure of Mount Athos. A magnet for travel writers like Patrick Leigh Fermor and Bruce Chatwin, the holy mountain maintains its mystery... more»
Universities used to be committed to the preservation of cultural memory. Now it’s standardized tests, cost-benefit readouts, and human-resources questionnaires... more»
Highbrow, lowbrow, middlebrow. The distinctions have largely disappeared, along with nuanced, considered judgments. The brow we need is the furrowed one... more»
Opposable thumbs, upright posture, big brains, sophisticated language: What most effectively sets humans apart from other species? Our addiction to stories... more»
The God conversation. Intellectuals overemphasize lofty theological impulses, while slighting the day-to-day comforts that keep religion relevant... more»
The swatting of a fly – so common, so insignificant – demonstrates that we don’t know what to think about death, whether a fly's or our own... more»
What do we want when confronting great art? Solitude, contemplation, silence – all of which are inhibited, even prohibited, in most museums... more»
The Tolkien problem. Hobbits and dragons dominate the popular imagination. The result: We've lost sight of actual medieval history?... more»
An artist’s memory is a dangerous, necessary thing. To turn experience into art, to make something out of remembering, is like “watching ghosts in sunlight”... more»
Bill Deresiewicz hears from a lot of young people. They want advice on how to avoid becoming anxious, depressed, and aimless. He tells them to avoid the Ivy League... more»
“Revanchism” and “irredentism” are ugly, awkward words, and their significance is hard to analyze. Doing so reveals that the map of the world is a holy mess... more»
Governance without disagreement or conflict; “evidence-based” laws grounded in data; algorithms, not ideology: Is this the end of politics?... more»
What did Keats think of Milton? Shakespeare of Ovid? The imperfect, rewarding, highly conjectural art of reading as someone else... more»
Schubert failed at it; Mendelssohn and Brahms didn't even try; Stravinsky wrote only one. Writing an opera is supremely demanding. Roger Scruton thought he'd risk the effort... more»
Think slow, not fast. Society has become a cult of spontaneity – one that, with forethought, must be resisted... more»
What do polysyllabic, hyper-articulate English professors and rock musicians on Vespas have in common? More than you might think... more»
What was privacy to Virginia Woolf? Not just being alone, but understanding the limits of our efforts to share... more»
Jules Verne was a master, but of what? His books are not high art, his prose rarely more than serviceable. What he does offer is ancient wisdom and modern know-how... more»
Whether Wagner encoded anti-Jewish tropes in his compositions matters little. That he stamped modern classical music with a racial ideology matters a lot... more»
The conservative mind is unbalanced, says Adam Bellow. The best and brightest on the right go into politics. Literature has been abandoned to the left... more»... more»
No one likes to be wrong, including intellectuals. A big thinker is hardly about to disavow his own theory. But being wrong has its benefits... more»
Birth of bad taste. It happened in Italy in the early 16th century. The details are sketchy, but the culprits are clear: two Tuscan painters, Rosso and Pontormo... more»
Stow the brimstone. In theology, denying hell is almost as old as hell itself. Consider the surprisingly modern argument of Origen of Alexandria... more»
The historiography of World War I is voluminous, contradictory, contentious. Better look to historians, not those who merely write about the past... more»
Some people see things others can’t and we call them geniuses. Some people see things others can’t and we call them ill. Is madness the essence of creativity?... more»
Pay attention! Turn off the television, close the Twitter feed, ignore the text messages. Get absorbed in something – a drawing, a book, an essay on distraction... more»
John Cotter’s past is set to music: Bach on a snowy afternoon, blues on a long night’s drive, Velvet Underground when he lost his virginity. Doctors say his future will be silent... more»
Life at 60. Some thoughts on lights and mirrors (avoid them), health (“looms like a threatening monsoon”), and the stupidity of “60 is the new 40”... more»
Ethical creed, political philosophy, capitalist rationale, passing historical phase, timeless body of universal ideals: What is liberalism?... more»
It’s been said (and said and said) that poetry’s influence is on the wane. Nonsense. Americans are mad for poetry. They call it rap... more»
At first under the pseudonym Septimus, then often while hung over, the young journalist Gabriel García Márquez showed a flair for narrative and a taste for the bizarre... more»
1989 really did mark the end of ideology. Students can no longer comprehend fascism or fathom the allure of communism. This is a mixed blessing... more»
Powerful forces are actively hostile to the college ideal. They deny the need for an educated citizenry. Higher education, they insist, is not a human right... more»
Sentimental Education or sentimental evasion? Flaubert’s novel is a “negative bildungsroman,” a tale of unlearning. Michael Wood explains... more»
Believers and secularists talk about each other all the time, but not to one another. On both sides, there is a lack of insight and an abundance of knowing smirks... more»
Alain de Botton (446,000 followers) suggests a Twitter sabbath. “We need, on occasion, to be able to go to a quieter place.” Leon Wieseltier (0 followers) is not convinced... more»
Harvey Mansfield doubts that there is a campus rape crisis. Still, he blames feminism for insisting on a culture of sexual adventure that never results in misadventure... more»
The publication of Ulysses was a victory for linguistic freedom and sexual candor. Now anything goes, and not much matters. Literature lacks urgency... more»
The perils of translating Proust. The best English version of À la recherche du temps perdu is from 1930. But it’s a mess today... more»
Heidegger’s justification of Nazism, far from an isolated lapse, emerged seamlessly from his innermost philosophical thoughts... more»
The canon has been bloodied by a decades-long assault of politicized professors and theory-happy revisionists. But the idea of the canon endures... more»
In life and love, Patrick Leigh Fermor liked to meander. His charm was considerable, but not foolproof. To Somerset Maugham, he was a “middle-class gigolo for upper-class women”... more»
Philosophers tend to be terrified of bodies, so having sex can be a problem. John Kaag managed. But then he faced the question of fatherhood... more»
When what qualifies as iron will is not checking your email for an hour, there is little hope of finding the focus to read a long and complex book... more»
The goalkeeper is a man for any season – crazy person, intellectual, scapegoat, literary hero. No other position attracts such odd and iconoclastic characters... more»
Is the unexamined biographer’s life worth living? Not for David Levering Lewis, who has some thoughts on why biographers have become less discreet... more»
Step aside, Strunk and White. To combat the scourge of bad writing, we need a science of crafting stylish prose. Cue Steven Pinker... more»
Has Francis Fukuyama’s end-of-history hypothesis been proved wrong? Not according to him. The power of liberal democracy remains immense... more»
For Simon Critchley – lifelong Liverpool fan – football is war by other means. Also a working-class ballet and an aesthetic break from routine... more»
Death is a topic about which much has been said, little of it reassuring. For Montaigne, who thought about it constantly, life meant preparing to die... more»
Jerks! They’re everywhere, with their scornful cynicism and callousness. What we need is a theory of jerks, not least to determine if we fit the description... more»
Suspicion of government may be justified, but let’s not ignore a self-evident truth: Government is natural to the human condition. Roger Scruton explains... more»
Schlock is extravagant, pretentious, sentimental. It has no shame. With its timeworn tropes and overwrought gestures, schlock is bad taste at its finest... more»
Here’s a challenge: Scan the faculty roster of humanities and social-science departments at public universities. Can you spot a conservative or two? It matters... more»
Hersey on Hiroshima, Orwell on the Spanish Civil War: Sometimes writers find their topic. Geoff Dyer on Mailer and the moon landing, 45 years later... more»
When Evelyn Waugh’s scandalous Black Mischief was published, in 1933, everybody read it, including Ernest Oldmeadow. Commence the literary feud... more»
Wine has always been more than a beverage. “I put my nose in the glass and feel time and space grinding to a halt”... more»
Go, the ancient board game, has long been a favorite of computer scientists. Yet no computer has yet defeated a top human player. Does it matter?… more»
A forgotten pioneer of the French cinema, long written off as a swindler and pornographer, is ready for his close-up... more»
Alain de Botton's up. Altruistic genius or self-help huckster, the pop philosopher has gained a level of influence that's difficult to deny… more»
Reading Joyce in Dublin. His words were an act of rebellion. Now they footnote the city--cast in bronze, set in cement. It's all quite unavoidable... more»
“It is an arduous thing to plead against abuses of a power which originate from your own country,” said Burke. By that standard, David Bromwich has had a very arduous decade... more»
Doom for democracy? Judt, Habermas, and Piketty warn that our system of government is irrational, dysfunctional, in trouble. Has it always been?... more»
Over the past 80 years, U.S. gross domestic product has grown, in real terms, by a factor of 16. But more wealth has not meant more leisure. Cue the yuppie kvetching... more»
Beware those who think marriage + military inclusion + a few queers on TV = rainbow nirvana. Not so, says Suzanna Walters. Tolerance is a trap... more»
Drunken Irishmen, crafty Jews, lazy Africans: Race has always been a convenient way to explain inequality. The genome era is no different... more»
Misused words, abused grammar, sloppy syntax: English might seem in decline. But woot! Recognize the persistence of slang... more»
Even Germaine Greer, that curmudgeonly old feminist (her words!), has found cause to rejoice: Glossy women’s magazines are on the wane... more»
Impoverished by erudition. Learned references can snuff the poetic flame. What we need, says Clive James, is more “brilliantly articulated bitching”... more»
Not long ago, Tim Parks settled in for a night of experimental theater. Five minutes later, he was bored silly. His dilemma: To bail or not to bail... more»
So much academic art history is turgid with jargon. That’s not Deborah Solomon. She’s got a different problem: a prurient obsession with Norman Rockwell’s sexuality... more»
Andrew Wyeth is misunderstood as a master of Thomas Kinkade-like kitsch. His work is melancholy and terrifying – nothing sentimental about it... more»
“I am a storyteller,” Susan Sontag declared. Yet she wasn’t. Her fiction is overwrought, overthought, overwritten. Can a critic be a good novelist?... more»
Truman Capote called the celebrity profile – well-worn platitudes, quasi confessions, feigned intimacy – the “lowest form of journalism.” Why can’t we look away?... more»
Mozart never finished his Requiem, nor Schubert his Unfinished Symphony. Bach didn’t live to complete his Art of Fugue. But what of composers who intentionally make music feel unfinished?. .. more»
A great die-off is under way. Animals once abundant are now nonexistent. It’s a tragedy that our fellow creatures are being massacred. But it’s entirely natural... more»
The aesthetic brain. Scientists are in search of a neurological explanation for how we experience and produce art. Can neuroscience tell us anything about beauty?... more»
Will Self waves goodbye to literary fiction. The future will be full of tweets, text messages, and computer games – nothing too difficult, nothing too serious... more»
The unbearable whiteness of the writing workshop. Junot Díaz went to get an M.F.A. from Cornell, but received a different kind of education... more»
Everyone has opinions, says Joseph Epstein, but not everyone has a point of view. His own is cantankerous, comedic, cogent. He’s been serving it up for five decades... more»
What happens when Communist censors strip a text of the word “suitcase”? And instead of “coffin” insist on “earth furniture”? A strange poetry... more»
Lean In, The Richer Sex, The End of Men: Women may have won the battle of the sexes, but feminism was supposed to liberate men as well. It hasn’t... more»
The story of confetti. Typically it's traced to gift-giving in ancient Greece, but another explanation lurks: The paper shrapnel signals darker desires... more»
In the 1950s, America became nation of paper pushers. We still are: status and prestige, emotional games and office politics. Paging C. Wright Mills... more»
A paradox: Distrust of science has spiked at a time when science and technology have achieved so much. Why the public fixation on perceived failures?... more»
Art is of the world, and poets are some of the best rumor-spreaders. Why immortalize gossip in poetry? Because the results are delightful... more»
How much gay sex should a novel have? If the writer happens to be gay and is at all ambitious, he will have a complicated answer. Caleb Crain explains... more»
An ascendant view holds that while philosophy may pose important questions, progress isn’t possible until science provides answers. That view is wrong... more»
Capitalism’s new critics. On one side are the sad young literary Marxists flogging journals and tweets. On the other, the self-appointed masters of data... more»
Rioting, kidnapping, breaking and entering, violence: For Elizabeth Russell, warfare was a way of life, as Shakespeare learned the hard way... more»
On being and not being. If Husserl and Heidegger are right, there is no difference between solitary confinement and death. A phenomenologist’s prison plight... more»
Here’s what confronts contemporary novelists: A social landscape changing so rapidly that it defies representation. Must be time for a new literary movement... more»
We romanticize illness and idealize suffering; we glamorize female pain. The wounded woman might be a stereotype, but she’s still wounded... more»