Kamerun

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République du Cameroun
Républik Kamerun
Bandéra Kamerun Coat of Arms Kamerun
Motto
"Paix – Travail – Patrie"
"Rapih – Gawé – Lemah Cai"
Lagu
Ô Cameroun, Berceau de nos Ancêtres
O Kamerun, Lemah Cai pun Bapa 1
Location of Kamerun
Lokasi  Kamerun  (héjo kolot)

– di Afrika  (paul & kulawu kolot)
– di Uni Afrika  (paul)  —  [Legenda]
Ibu kota Yaoundé[1]
3°52′N 11°31′E
Kota panggedéna Douala[1]
Basa resmi Basa Perancis jeung Inggris (de facto)
Démonim Cameroonian
Pamaréntah Républik
 -  Présidén Paul Biya[1]
 -  Perdana Mentri Philémon Yang
Kamerdikaan ti Perancis 
 -  Didéklarasikeun 1 Januari 1960 
 -  Anéksasi urut Kamerun Britania 1 Oktober 1961 
Aréa
 -  Total 475.442 km² (ka-54)
183.568 mil² 
 -  Cai (%) 1,3
Populasi
 -  Perkiraan  Juli 2009 19.100.000 (ka-58)
 -  Sénsus 2003 15.746.179 
 -  Kapadetan 39,7 /km² (ka-167)
102,8 /mil²
GDP (PPP) Perkiraan 2010
 -  Total $44,327 milyar[2] 
 -  Per kapita $2.170[2] 
GDP (nominal) Perkiraan 2010
 -  Total $22,478 milyar[2] 
 -  Per kapita $1.100[2] 
Gini? (2001) 44,6[3] (sedeng) 
HDI (2010) Green Arrow Up Darker.svg 0,460 (handap[4]) (ka-131)
Mata uang Franc CFA Afrika Tengah (XAF)
Zona wanci WAT (UTC+1)
 -  Usum panas (DST) teu kaobsérvasi (UTC+1)
TLD Internét .cm
Kode telepon +237
1 Judul ieu sakumaha disebutkeun dina Constitution of the Republic of Cameroon, Pasal X. Vérsi basa Perancisna kadang disebut "Chant de Ralliement", sakumaha dina National Anthems of the World, jeung vérsi basa Inggrisna "O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers", sakumaha dina DeLancey jeung DeLancey 61.

Kamerun, resmina Républik Kamerun (Basa Prancis: République du Cameroun), mangrupakeun hiji nagara di Afrika Tengah kulon. Nagara ieu tepung wates jeung Nigeria di kulon; Chad di kalér-wétan; Républik Afrika Tengah di wétan; sarta Guinéa Khatulistiwa, Gabon, jeung Républik Kongo di kidul. Basisirna Kamerun wawatesan jeung Teluk Bonny, bagian ti Teluk Guinéa jeung Samudra Atlantik. Nagara ieu kalandi "Miniatur Afrika" pikeun bébéda géologis jeung kabudayaanna. Objék alami saperti basisir, sagara, gunung, leuweung hujan, jeung savana. Titik nu pangluhurna nya éta Gunung Kamerun di beulah kidul-kulon, sarta kota panggedéna nya éta Douala, Yaoundé, jeung Garoua. Kamrun miboga leuwih ti 200 grup basa nu bébéda. Nagara ieu katelah tina gaya musik aslina, utamina makossa jeung bikutsi, sarta tina tim maén bal nasionalna nu suksés. Basa Perancis jeung Basa Inggris mangrupakeun basa resmi.

Padumuk awal ti wewengkon ieu kaasup Paadaban Sao di sabundereun Dano Chad jeung pamoro-pangumpul Baka dina leuweung hujan tenggara. Panjelajah Portugis nepi ka basisirna dina abad ka-15 jeung méré ngaran wewengkon éta Rio dos Camarões ("Walungan Hurang"), ngaran ti mana dibeunangkeun ngaran Kamerun. Tentara Fula[5] ngadegkeun Emirat Adamawa di beulah kalér dina abad ka-19, jeung rupa-rupa grup étnis ti kulon jeung kalér-kulon ngadegkeun séké-séké jeung kafonan. Kamerun jadi jajahan Jérman dina 1884.

Sanggeus Perand Dunya I, wewengkon ieu dibagi antara Perancis jeung Britania salaku mandat Liga Bangsa-Bangsa. Partéy pulitik Union des Populations du Cameroun ngadukung kamerdikaan tapi teu disahkeun ku Perancis dina 1950-an. Dina 1960, Perancis ngadministradi sabagian Kamerun jadi merdika salaku Républik Kamerun dina Présidén Ahmadou Ahidjo. Bagian kidulna, Kamerun Britania, ngagabung dina 1961 pikeun ngawangun Républik Féderal Kamerun. Nagara ieu diganti ngaranna kana Républik Kahijian Kamerun dina 1972 sarta teras Républik Kamerun dina 1984.

Dibandingkeun nagara Afrika lianna, Kamerun miboga stabilitas pulitis jeung sosial nu rélatif luhur. Hal ieu ngidinkeun kamekaran tatanén, jalan, rél, jeung industri ageung minyak bumi sarta kai. Tapi, raloba urang Kamerun anu miskin salaku patani. Kakawasaan aya dina présidén otoritér ti 1982, Paul Biya, jeung partéyna, Pagerakan Démokratik Urang Kamerun.

Région[édit | édit sumber]

Artikel utama: Région di Kamerun, Divisi Kamerun
Kamerun dibagi kana 10 région.

Konstitusi ngabagi Kamerun kana 10 région semi-otonom, masing-masing dina administrasi Déwan Régional. Dekrét présidénsial 12 Nopémber 2008 resmi nyarankeun parobihan ti propinsi ka région.[6] Région-régionna dibagi deui kana (total) 58 divisi (départements). Divisi-divisina salajengna dibagi deui kana sub-divisi (arrondissements).

Tempo ogé[édit | édit sumber]

Catetan[édit | édit sumber]

  1. ↑ a b c "Cameroon". Infoplease. Diakses pada 27 Méi 2011. 
  2. ↑ a b c d "Cameroon". International Monetary Fund. Diakses pada 21 April 2011. 
  3. ↑ "Distribution of family income – Gini index". The World Factbook. CIA. Diakses pada 1 Séptémber 2009. 
  4. ↑ Country profile of human development indicators – Cameroon. Hdrstats.undp.org. Retrieved on 2011-09-24.
  5. ↑ Dina Basa Fula: Fulɓe; dina Basa Prancis: Peul atawa Peuhl.
  6. ↑ Décret N° 2008/376 du 12 novembre 2008, President of the Republic website. Accessed 9 June 2009.

Réferénsi[édit | édit sumber]

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  • "Corruption Perceptions Index 2007". Transparency International. Accessed 28 September 2007.
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  • Fanso, V. G. (1989). Cameroon History for Secondary Schools and Colleges, Vol. 1: From Prehistoric Times to the Nineteenth Century. Hong Kong: Macmillan Education Ltd.
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  • Fonge, Fuabeh P. (1997). Modernization without Development in Africa: Patterns of Change and Continuity in Post-Independence Cameroonian Public Service. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.
  • Geschiere, Peter (1997). The Modernity of Witchcraft: Politics and the Occult in Postcolonial Africa. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
  • Gwanfogbe, Mathew, Ambrose Meligui, Jean Moukam, and Jeanette Nguoghia (1983). Geography of Cameroon. Hong Kong: Macmillan Education Ltd.
  • "Highest Average Annual Precipitation Extremes". Global Measured Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation, National Climatic Data Center, 9 August 2004. Accessed 6 April 2007.
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  • Kandemeh, Emmanuel (17 July 2007). "Journalists Warned against Declaring Election Results", Cameroon Tribune. Accessed 18 July 2007.
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  • MacDonald, Brian S. (1997). "Case Study 4: Cameroon", Military Spending in Developing Countries: How Much Is Too Much? McGill-Queen's University Press.
  • Matthews, Andy (12 March 2008). "Cameroon protests in USA", Africa News. Accessed 13 March 2008.
  • Mbaku, John Mukum (2005). Culture and Customs of Cameroon. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.
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Tumbu kaluar[édit | édit sumber]

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