Czech Republic
| Czech Republic Česká republika
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| Motto: "Pravda vítězí" (Czech) "Truth prevails" |
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| Anthem: Kde domov můj? (Czech) "Where is my home?"[a] |
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![Location of Czech Republic (dark green)– on the European continent (green & dark grey)– in the European Union (green) — [Legend]](/web/20150906060534/https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EU-Czech_Republic.svg) Location of Czech Republic (dark green)
– on the European continent (green & dark grey) |
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| Capital and largest city |
Prague (Praha) 50°05′N 14°28′E / 50.083°N 14.467°E |
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| Official languages | Czech[1] | |||||
| Officially recognized minority languages |
Slovak,[2] Bulgarian, Croatian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Polish, Romani, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian and Ukrainian[3] | |||||
| Ethnic groups (2011) | 63.7% Czechs, 4.9% Moravians, 1.4% Slovaks, 29.9% others and unspecified[4] |
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| Religion | non-declared and non-religious (80%), Catholic (10,3%) | |||||
| Demonym | Czech | |||||
| Government | Parliamentary republic | |||||
| - | President | Miloš Zeman | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Bohuslav Sobotka | ||||
| Formation | ||||||
| - | Principality of Bohemia | c. 870 | ||||
| - | Kingdom of Bohemia | 1198 | ||||
| - | Czechoslovakia | 28 October 1918 | ||||
| - | Czech Republic | 1 January 1993 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 78,866 km2 (116th) 30,450 sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | 2 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2011 census | 10,562,214 |
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| - | Density | 134/km2 (84th) 341/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2011 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $268.772 billion[5] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $25,525[5] | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2011 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $218.363 billion[5] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $20,938[5] (38th) | ||||
| Gini (2008) | 26 low · 4th |
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| HDI (2010) | 0.873[6] very high · 27th |
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| Currency | Czech koruna (CZK) | |||||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |||||
| - | Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||||
| Drives on the | right | |||||
| Calling code | +4204 | |||||
| Internet TLD | .cz³ | |||||
| 1. | 30 June 2010 (See Population changes). | |||||
| 2. | Rank based on 2009 IMF data. | |||||
| 3. | Also .eu, shared with other European Union member states. | |||||
| 4. | Shared code 42 with Slovakia until 1997. ^ a. Rhetorical question meaning "Those places where my homeland lies". |
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Czech Republic (Czech: Česká republika, pronounced [ˈtʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka] (
listen)) is a country in Central Europe, sometimes also known as Czechia (Czech: Česko). The capital and the biggest city is Prague. The currency is the Czech Crown (koruna česká - CZK). 1€ is about 27 CZK. The president of the Czech Republic is Miloš Zeman. The Czech Republic's population is about 10.5 million. The local language is Czech language. The Czech language is a Slavic language. It is related to languages like Slovak and Polish. In 1993 the Czech Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that the name Czechia be used for the country outside of formal official documents. This has not caught on in English usage.
Czech Republic has no sea; its neighbour countries are Germany, Austria, Slovakia, and Poland.
History[change | change source]
Its history dates from the 9th century AD, for a long time it was one of the most powerful countries in Central Europe. Later on it was the biggest, most populated and richest country of the First Reich, where many Emperors started their career. Under the conditions of the Treaty of Vienna 1515 parts of the Czech Republic, then in the Kingdoms of Bohemia and Hungary came under Habsburg rule after the death of Louis the Jagiellon in 1526. They stayed a part of the Habsburg dynasty rule until 1918.
The area of the today's Czech Republic was a part of Czechoslovakia from 1918 to 1992. Czechoslovakia became independent in 1918 from Austro-Hungarian Empire. The first Czechoslovakian president was Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. Czechoslovakia peacefully split into two countries (Czech Republic and Slovakia) in 1993. Czech Republic has been a member of the European Union since May 1, 2004 and a member of NATO since March 12, 1999.
Geography[change | change source]
The highest point in the country is Sněžka at 1,602 m (5,256 ft).
There are four national parks in the Czech Republic. The oldest is Krkonoše National Park. The others are Šumava National Park, Podyjí National Park, Bohemian Switzerland.
Regions[change | change source]
- See also: List of cities in the Czech Republic
In 1949 communist government created 13 centralized regions instead of historical countries. In 1960 was regions recreated and there were only 8 regions. In 2000 was created 14 regions with their own regional self-government.
| English name | Czech name | Administrative seat |
|---|---|---|
| Prague, the Capital City | Hlavní město Praha | Prague |
| Central Bohemian Region | Středočeský kraj | Prague |
| South Bohemian Region | Jihočeský kraj | České Budějovice |
| Plzeň Region | Plzeňský kraj | Plzeň |
| Karlovy Vary Region | Karlovarský kraj | Karlovy Vary |
| Ústí nad Labem Region | Ústecký kraj | Ústí nad Labem |
| Liberec Region | Liberecký kraj | Liberec |
| Hradec Králové Region | Královehradecký kraj | Hradec Králové |
| Pardubice Region | Pardubický kraj | Pardubice |
| Olomouc Region | Olomoucký kraj | Olomouc |
| Moravian-Silesian Region | Moravskoslezský kraj | Ostrava |
| South Moravian Region | Jihomoravský kraj | Brno |
| Zlín Region | Zlínský kraj | Zlín |
| Vysočina region | Kraj Vysočina | Jihlava |
Religion[change | change source]
| Religion in the Czech Republic (2011)[7] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Undeclared | 45.2% | |||
| Irreligion | 34.2% | |||
| Roman Catholicism | 10.3% | |||
| Other religions | 9.4% | |||
| Protestantism | 0.8% | |||
The Czech Republic has one of the least religious populations in the world. According to the 2011 census, 34.2% of the population stated they had no religion, 10.3% was Roman Catholic, 0.8% was Protestant (0.5% Czech Brethren and 0.4% Hussite), and 9.4% followed other forms of religion both denominational or not (of which 863 people answered they are Pagan). 45.2% of the population did not answer the question about religion.
References[change | change source]
- ↑ "Czech language". Czech Republic - Official website. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. http://www.czech.cz/en/67019-czech-language. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
- ↑ Slovak language may be considered an official language in the Czech Republic under certain circumstances, which is defined by several laws – e.g. law 500/2004, 337/1992. Source: http://portal.gov.cz. Cited: "Například Správní řád (zákon č. 500/2004 Sb.) stanovuje: "V řízení se jedná a písemnosti se vyhotovují v českém jazyce. Účastníci řízení mohou jednat a písemnosti mohou být předkládány i v jazyce slovenském..." (§16, odstavec 1). Zákon o správě daní a poplatků (337/1992 Sb.) „Úřední jazyk: Před správcem daně se jedná v jazyce českém nebo slovenském. Veškerá písemná podání se předkládají v češtině nebo slovenštině..." (§ 3, odstavec 1). http://portal.gov.cz
- ↑ Citizens belonging to minorities, which traditionally and on long-term basis live within the territory of the Czech Republic, enjoy the right to use their language in communication with authorities and in front of the courts of law (for the list of recognized minorities see National Minorities Policy of the Government of the Czech Republic). The article 25 of the Czech Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms ensures right of the national and ethnic minorities for education and communication with authorities in their own language. Act No. 500/2004 Coll. (The Administrative Rule) in its paragraph 16 (4) (Procedural Language) ensures, that a citizen of the Czech Republic, who belongs to a national or an ethnic minority, which traditionally and on long-term basis lives within the territory of the Czech Republic, have right to address an administrative agency and proceed before it in the language of the minority. In case that the administrative agency doesn't have an employee with knowledge of the language, the agency is bound to obtain a translator at the agency's own expense. According to Act No. 273/2001 (About The Rights of Members of Minorities) paragraph 9 (The right to use language of a national minority in dealing with authorities and in front of the courts of law) the same applies for the members of national minorities also in front of the courts of law.
- ↑ ČSÚ – Czech Statistical Office
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Czech Republic". International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=51&pr.y=11&sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=935&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
- ↑ "Human Development Report 2011". United Nations. 2011. http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/CZE.html. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ↑ "Population by religious belief and by municipality size groups". Czech Statistical Office. http://www.czso.cz/sldb2011/eng/redakce.nsf/i/tab_7_1_population_by_religious_belief_and_by_municipality_size_groups/$File/PVCR071_ENG.pdf. Retrieved 2012-04-23.
Related pages[change | change source]
- Czech Republic at the Olympics
- Czech Republic national football team
- List of rivers of the Czech Republic
Other websites[change | change source]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Czech Republic |
- Czech Republic pictures
- Czech Republic map
- Czech Republic map - Google Maps style
- Czech Republic - Immigration
- Czech Republic - Business
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