Introduction :: PORTUGAL
-
Following its heyday as a global maritime power during the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal lost much of its wealth and status with the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake, occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence of Brazil, its wealthiest colony, in 1822. A 1910 revolution deposed the monarchy; for most of the next six decades, repressive governments ran the country. In 1974, a left-wing military coup installed broad democratic reforms. The following year, Portugal granted independence to all of its African colonies. Portugal is a founding member of NATO and entered the EC (now the EU) in 1986.
Geography :: PORTUGAL
-
Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain
39 30 N, 8 00 W
Europe
total: 92,090 sq km
land: 91,470 sq km
water: 620 sq km
note: includes Azores and Madeira Islands
country comparison to the world: 111
slightly smaller than Indiana
total: 1,224 km
border countries (1): Spain 1,224 km
1,793 km
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south
mountainous north of the Tagus River, rolling plains in south
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Ponta do Pico (Pico or Pico Alto) on Ilha do Pico in the Azores 2,351 m
fish, forests (cork), iron ore, copper, zinc, tin, tungsten, silver, gold, uranium, marble, clay, gypsum, salt, arable land, hydropower
agricultural land: 39.7%
arable land 11.9%; permanent crops 7.8%; permanent pasture 20%
forest: 37.8%
other: 22.5% (2011 est.)
5,837 sq km (2007)
68.7 cu km (2011)
total: 8.46 cu km/yr (12%/18%/69%)
per capita: 812 cu m/yr (2005)
Azores subject to severe earthquakes
volcanism: limited volcanic activity in the Azores Islands; Fayal or Faial (elev. 1,043 m) last erupted in 1958; most volcanoes have not erupted in centuries; historically active volcanoes include Agua de Pau, Furnas, Pico, Picos Volcanic System, San Jorge, Sete Cidades, and Terceira
soil erosion; air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution, especially in coastal areas
party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Environmental Modification
Azores and Madeira Islands occupy strategic locations along western sea approaches to Strait of Gibraltar
People and Society :: PORTUGAL
-
noun: Portuguese (singular and plural)
adjective: Portuguese
homogeneous Mediterranean stock; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100,000; since 1990 East Europeans have entered Portugal
Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)
Roman Catholic 81%, other Christian 3.3%, other (includes Jewish, Muslim, other) 0.6%, none 6.8%, unspecified 8.3%
notes: represents population 15 years of age and older (2011 est.)
10,825,309 (July 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 80
0-14 years: 15.68% (male 884,389/female 812,685)
15-24 years: 11.41% (male 655,259/female 580,020)
25-54 years: 42.05% (male 2,303,473/female 2,248,914)
55-64 years: 11.97% (male 604,549/female 691,216)
65 years and over: 18.89% (male 836,679/female 1,208,125) (2015 est.)
population pyramid:
total dependency ratio: 53.5%
youth dependency ratio: 21.6%
elderly dependency ratio: 31.9%
potential support ratio: 3.1% (2015 est.)
total: 41.1 years
male: 39 years
female: 43.3 years (2014 est.)
0.09% (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 184
9.27 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 202
11.02 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 36
2.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 36
urban population: 63.5% of total population (2015)
rate of urbanization: 0.97% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
LISBON (capital) 2.884 million; Porto 1.299 million (2015)
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.09 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.87 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female
total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2015 est.)
total: 4.43 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.86 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
total population: 79.16 years
male: 75.92 years
female: 82.62 years (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
1.52 children born/woman (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 190
86.8% (2005/06)
9.7% of GDP (2013)
country comparison to the world: 29
4.1 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
3.4 beds/1,000 population (2011)
improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population
unimproved:
urban: 0% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0% of population (2015 est.)
improved:
urban: 99.6% of population
rural: 99.8% of population
total: 99.7% of population
unimproved:
urban: 0.4% of population
rural: 0.2% of population
total: 0.3% of population (2015 est.)
NA
NA
NA
22.1% (2014)
country comparison to the world: 69
5.3% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 55
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 95.7%
male: 97.1%
female: 94.4% (2015 est.)
total: 16 years
male: 16 years
female: 17 years (2012)
total number: 36,569
percentage: 3%
note: data represents children ages 6-14 (2001 est.)
total: 37.6%
male: 36.4%
female: 39.1% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 16
Government :: PORTUGAL
-
conventional long form: Portuguese Republic
conventional short form: Portugal
local long form: Republica Portuguesa
local short form: Portugal
republic; parliamentary democracy
name: Lisbon
geographic coordinates: 38 43 N, 9 08 W
time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2 autonomous regions* (regioes autonomas, singular - regiao autonoma); Aveiro, Acores (Azores)*, Beja, Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Evora, Faro, Guarda, Leiria, Lisboa (Lisbon), Madeira*, Portalegre, Porto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do Castelo, Vila Real, Viseu
1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 5 October 1910 (republic proclaimed)
Portugal Day (Dia de Portugal), 10 June (1580); note - also called Camoes Day, the day that revered national poet Luis de Camoes (1524-80) died
several previous; latest adopted 2 April 1976, effective 25 April 1976; amended several times, last in 2005 (2013)
civil law system; Constitutional Court review of legislative acts
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
18 years of age; universal
chief of state: President Anibal CAVACO SILVA (since 9 March 2006)
head of government: Prime Minister Pedro Manuel PASSOS COELHO Mamede (since 21 June 2011)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 January 2011 (next to be held in January 2016); following legislative elections which must be held by October 2015, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president
election results: Anibal CAVACO SILVA reelected president; percent of vote - Anibal CAVACO SILVA (PPD/PSD) 53%, Manuel ALEGRE (PS) 19.8%, Fernando NOBRE (independent) 14.1%, Francisco LOPES (independent) 7.1%, Manuel COELHO 4.5%, other 1.5%
note: there is also a Council of State that acts as a consultative body to the president
description: unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (230 seats; 226 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 4 members - 2 each in 2 constituencies representing Portuguese living abroad - directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)
elections: last held on 5 June 2011 (next to be held by October 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - PPD/PSD 38%, PS 28%, CDS/PP 11%, PCP/PEV (see CDU) 7%, BE 5%, other 11%; seats by party - PPD/PSD 108, PS 74, CDS/PP 24, PCP/PEV (see CDU) 16, BE 8
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (consists of 12 justices); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 13 judges)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court justices nominated by the president and appointed by the Assembly of the Republic; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court judges - 10 elected by the Assembly and 3 elected by the other Constitutional Court judges; judges elected for 6-year non-renewable terms
subordinate courts: Supreme Administrative Court (Supremo Tribunal Administrativo); Audit Court (Tribunal de Contas); appellate, district, and municipal courts
Democratic and Social Center/Popular Party or CDS/PP [Paulo PORTAS]
Social Democratic Party or PPD/PSD [Pedro PASSOS COELHO]
Socialist Party or PS [Antonio COSTA]
The Left Bloc or BE [Catarina Soares MARTINS]
Unitarian Democratic Coalition or CDU [Jeronimo DE SOUSA] (includes Portuguese Communist Party or PCP and Ecologist Party ("The Greens") or PEV)
Armed Forces Officers' Association or AOFA [Colonel Pereira CRACEL]
the Desperate Generation (youth movement protesting against low wages, precarious labor conditions, and unemployment)
General Workers Union or General Confederation of Portuguese Workers or UGT [Carlos SILVA]
Portuguese National Workers' Conference or CGTP [Armenio CARLOS]
TugaLeaks (a website that has become a mouthpiece for publicizing diverse protest action)
other: the media; labor unions
ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, CERN, CPLP, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
chief of mission: Ambassador Nuno Filipe Alves Salvador e BRITO (since 10 February 2011)
chancery: 2012 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
telephone: [1] (202) 328-8610
FAX: [1] (202) 462-3726
consulate(s) general: Boston, New York, San Francisco
consulate(s): New Bedford (MA), Newark (NJ), Providence (RI)
chief of mission: Ambassador Robert A. SHERMAN (since 30 May 2014)
embassy: Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1600-081 Lisbon
mailing address: Apartado 43033, 1601-301 Lisboa; PSC 83, APO AE 09726
telephone: [351] (21) 727-3300
FAX: [351] (21) 726-9109
consulate(s): Ponta Delgada (Azores)
two vertical bands of green (hoist side, two-fifths) and red (three-fifths) with the national coat of arms (armillary sphere and Portuguese shield) centered on the dividing line; explanations for the color meanings are ambiguous, but a popular interpretation has green symbolizing hope and red the blood of those defending the nation
armillary sphere (a spherical astrolabe modeling objects in the sky and representing the Republic); national colors: red, green
name: "A Portugesa" (The Song of the Portuguese)
lyrics/music: Henrique LOPES DE MENDOCA/Alfredo KEIL
note: adopted 1910; "A Portuguesa" was originally written to protest the Portuguese monarchy's acquiescence to the 1890 British ultimatum forcing Portugal to give up areas of Africa; the lyrics refer to the "insult" that resulted from the event
Economy :: PORTUGAL
-
Portugal has become a diversified and increasingly service-based economy since joining the European Community - the EU's predecessor - in 1986. Over the following two decades, successive governments privatized many state-controlled firms and liberalized key areas of the economy, including the financial and telecommunications sectors. The country joined the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in 1999 and began circulating the euro on 1 January 2002 along with 11 other EU members. The economy grew by more than the EU average for much of the 1990s, but the rate of growth slowed in 2001-08. The economy contracted in 2009, and fell again from 2011 to 2014, as the government implemented spending cuts and tax increases to comply with conditions of an EU-IMF financial rescue package, signed in May 2011. A modest recovery began in 2013 and gathered steam in in 2014 due to strong export performance and a rebound in private consumption. Although austerity measures were instituted to reduce the large budget deficit, they contributed to record unemployment and a wave of emigration not seen since the 1960s. A continued reduction in private- and public-sector debt could weigh on consumption and investment in 2015, holding back a stronger recovery. The government of Pedro PASSOS COELHO has passed legislation aimed at reducing labor market rigidity, and, this, along with sustained fiscal discipline, could make Portugal more attractive to foreign direct investment. The government reduced the budget deficit from 11.2% of GDP in 2010 to 4.8% in 2014, a figure that is significantly higher than the EU-IMF target of 4%. The government has pledged to lower the deficit to under 3% of GDP in 2015 in order to comply with EU fiscal obligations, under the excessive deficit procedure. Legislative elections in 2015 could increase the risk of fiscal slippage and undermine investor confidence in Portugal’s economy, which has improved over the course of the EU-IMF program. EU-IMF financing expired in May 2014.
$280.4 billion (2014 est.)
$277.9 billion (2013 est.)
$282.4 billion (2012 est.)
note: data are in 2014 US dollars
country comparison to the world: 55
$230 billion (2014 est.)
0.9% (2014 est.)
-1.6% (2013 est.)
-4% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 184
$27,000 (2014 est.)
$26,700 (2013 est.)
$27,200 (2012 est.)
note: data are in 2014 US dollars
country comparison to the world: 64
15.5% of GDP (2014 est.)
15% of GDP (2013 est.)
14.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 109
household consumption: 64.6%
government consumption: 19.1%
investment in fixed capital: 15%
investment in inventories: -0.1%
exports of goods and services: 39.6%
imports of goods and services: -38.2%
(2014 est.)
agriculture: 2.6%
industry: 22.4%
services: 75% (2014 est.)
grain, potatoes, tomatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, dairy products; fish
textiles, clothing, footwear, wood and cork, paper and pulp, chemicals, lubricants, automobiles and auto parts, base metals, minerals, porcelain and ceramics, glassware, technology, telecommunications; dairy products, wine, other foodstuffs; ship construction and refurbishment; tourism, plastics, financial services, optics
-1.3% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
5.226 million (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 74
agriculture: 8.6%
industry: 23.9%
services: 67.5% (2014 est.)
13.9% (2014 est.)
16.2% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141
18.7% (2012 est.)
lowest 10%: 3.1%
highest 10%: 28.4% (1995 est.)
34.2 (2013 est.)
34.2 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 94
revenues: $99.6 billion
expenditures: $110.7 billion (2014 est.)
43.7% of GDP (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
-4.8% of GDP (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
128.7% of GDP (2014 est.)
128% of GDP (2013 est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
country comparison to the world: 7
calendar year
-0.2% (2014 est.)
0.3% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
0.05% (31 December 2014)
0.25% (31 December 2013)
note: this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks in the euro area
country comparison to the world: 140
5.08% (31 December 2014 est.)
5.69% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 145
$91.4 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$97.65 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
note: see entry for the European Union for money supply for the entire euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 18 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
country comparison to the world: 40
$296.1 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$316.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
$394 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$428.7 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 31
$126.8 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$57.04 billion (31 December 2013)
$65.53 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
$1.388 billion (2014 est.)
$2.404 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 43
$66.3 billion (2014 est.)
$62.98 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 52
agricultural products, foodstuffs, wine, oil products, chemical products, plastics and rubber, hides, leather, wood and cork, wood pulp and paper, textile materials, clothing, footwear, machinery and tools, base metals
Spain 23.9%, Germany 11.7%, France 11.7%, Angola 6.5%, UK 5.5%, US 4.1%, Netherlands 4.1% (2013)
$76.11 billion (2014 est.)
$72.63 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 39
agricultural products, chemical products, vehicles and other transport material, optical and precision instruments, computer accessories and parts, semiconductors and related devices, oil products, base metals, food products, textile materials
Spain 32.6%, Germany 11.5%, France 6.8%, Italy 5.2%, Netherlands 5%, Angola 4.7% (2013)
$14.92 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$17.55 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 67
$508.3 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
$482.2 billion (31 December 2011)
country comparison to the world: 25
$152.5 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$146.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
$99.55 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$99.55 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 30
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7489 (2014 est.)
0.7634 (2013 est.)
0.78 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
0.755 (2010 est.)
Energy :: PORTUGAL
-
51.67 billion kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55
46.25 billion kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
5.324 billion kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
8.1 billion kWh (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 40
19.62 million kW (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 41
42.4% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154
0% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 164
28.2% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 84
29.4% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 94
0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
233,600 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 30
538,100 bbl (1 January 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 178
239,900 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50
240,800 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 52
168,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 35
86,720 bbl/day (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 182
4.043 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 64
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 163
4.174 billion cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 184
68.8 million Mt (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50
Communications :: PORTUGAL
-
total subscriptions: 4.59 million
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 42 (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
total: 11.9 million
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
general assessment: Portugal's telephone system has a state-of-the-art network with broadband, high-speed capabilities
domestic: integrated network of coaxial cables, open-wire, microwave radio relay, and domestic satellite earth stations
international: country code - 351; a combination of submarine cables provide connectivity to Europe, North and East Africa, South Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and the US; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), NA Eutelsat; tropospheric scatter to Azores (2010)
Radio e Televisao de Portugal (RTP), the publicly owned TV broadcaster, operates 2 domestic channels and external service channels to Africa; overall, roughly 40 domestic TV stations; viewers have widespread access to international broadcasters with more than half of all households connected to multi-channel cable or satellite TV systems; publicly owned radio operates 3 national networks and provides regional and external services; several privately owned national radio stations and some 300 regional and local commercial radio stations (2008)
AM 2, FM 63, shortwave 1 (2008)
42 (2008)
.pt
total: 7.2 million
percent of population: 66.1% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 52
Transportation :: PORTUGAL
-
64 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 77
total: 43
over 3,047 m: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 7
1,524 to 2,437 m: 8
914 to 1,523 m: 15
under 914 m: 8 (2013)
total: 21
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m:
20 (2013)
gas 1,344 km; oil 11 km; refined products 188 km (2013)
total: 3,075.1 km
broad gauge: 2,439 km 1.668-m gauge (1,633.4 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 108.1 km 1.000-m gauge
other: 528 km (gauge unspecified) (2014)
country comparison to the world: 53
total: 82,900 km
paved: 71,294 km (includes 2,613 km of expressways)
unpaved: 11,606 km (2008)
country comparison to the world: 57
210 km (on Douro River from Porto) (2011)
country comparison to the world: 95
total: 109
by type: bulk carrier 8, cargo 35, carrier 1, chemical tanker 21, container 7, liquefied gas 6, passenger 13, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 1, vehicle carrier 9
foreign-owned: 81 (Belgium 8, Colombia 1, Denmark 4, Germany 14, Greece 2, Italy 12, Japan 9, Mexico 1, Norway 2, Spain 18, Sweden 3, Switzerland 3, US 4)
registered in other countries: 15 (Cyprus 2, Malta 3, Panama 10) (2010)
country comparison to the world: 48
major seaport(s): Leixoes, Lisbon, Setubal, Sines
LNG terminal (import): Sines
Military :: PORTUGAL
-
Portuguese Army (Exercito Portuguesa), Portuguese Navy (Marinha Portuguesa; includes Marine Corps), Portuguese Air Force (Forca Aerea Portuguesa, FAP) (2013)
18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no compulsory military service, but conscription possible if insufficient volunteers available; women serve in the armed forces, on naval ships since 1993, but are prohibited from serving in some combatant specialties; reserve obligation to age 35 (2012)
males age 16-49: 2,566,264
females age 16-49: 2,458,297 (2010 est.)
males age 16-49: 2,103,080
females age 16-49: 2,018,004 (2010 est.)
male: 62,208
female: 54,786 (2010 est.)
1.29% of GDP (2014)
1.2% of GDP (2013)
1.78% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 77
Transnational Issues :: PORTUGAL
-
Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the territory of Olivenza based on a difference of interpretation of the 1815 Congress of Vienna and the 1801 Treaty of Badajoz
stateless persons: 14 (2014)
seizing record amounts of Latin American cocaine destined for Europe; a European gateway for Southwest Asian heroin; transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe; consumer of Southwest Asian heroin
Central Intelligence Agency
