Luxembourg

For the province of Belgium, see Luxembourg (Belgium).

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg  (Luxembourgish) Grand-Duché de Luxembourg  (French) Großherzogtum Luxemburg  (German)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn"  (Luxembourgish) "We want to remain what we are"
Anthem: Ons Heemecht "Our Homeland" [1] Royal anthem: De Wilhelmus 1
Location of  Luxembourg  (dark green) – on the European continent  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)  —  [Legend]
Capital and largest city		Luxembourg 49°36′N 6°7′E
Official languages		Luxembourgish French German
Demonym		Luxembourgers
Government		Unitary parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy
-	Grand Duke	Henri (List)
-	Prime Minister	Xavier Bettel (List)
Legislature		Chamber of Deputies
Independence
-	From French empire (Treaty of Paris)	9 June 1815
-	1st Treaty of London	19 April 1839
-	2nd Treaty of London	11 May 1867
-	End of personal union	23 November 1890
Area
-	Total	2,586.4 km2 (175th) 998.6 sq mi
-	Water (%)	0.60%
Population
-	2011 estimate	511,840 (170th)
-	2001 census	439,539
-	Density	194.1/km2 (67th) 501.3/sq mi
GDP (PPP)		2011 estimate
-	Total	$41.221 billion (94th)
-	Per capita	$80,119 (2nd)
GDP (nominal)		2011 estimate
-	Total	$58.412 billion (69th)
-	Per capita	$113,533 (1st)
HDI (2011)		0.867 very high · 25th
Currency		Euro (€)2 (EUR)
Time zone		CET (UTC+1)
-	Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Drives on the		right
Calling code		352
Internet TLD		.lu3
1.	Not the same as the Het Wilhelmus of the Netherlands.
2.	Before 1999: Luxembourgish franc.
3.	The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Luxembourg is a country in Western Europe; its official name is the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg, French: Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, German: Großherzogtum Luxemburg). It is a small country. It was one of the first countries in the European Union. It is also a member of the Benelux. The countries next to Luxembourg are Belgium, Germany, and France. Its population is 442,972.

Timeline

• 963 - Luxembourg was founded. Sigefroid, Count of Ardennes, came to own the ruins of an old Roman fort called "Castellum Lucilinburhuc" ("Little Castle") from the monks of the Abbey of St. Maximin in Trier.
• 1354 - The emperor Charles IV made Luxembourg a duchy.
• 1437 - There were no people in the ruling family alive. The castle was given to the Habsburgs.
• 1443 - Luxembourg was captured by Philip of Burgundy.
• 1482 - Mary of Burgundy died. Luxembourg was ruled by the Habsburgs again.
• 1795 - After the French revolution Luxembourg was taken over by France. It became a département of France.
• 1815 - Luxembourg became a grand duchy. It was ruled by the king of the Netherlands.
• 1815-1866 - Luxembourg became a member of the German Confederation.
• 1890 - After the death of William III, Luxembourg passed to the House of Nassau-Weilburg.
• 1914-1918 - Luxembourg was conquered by Germany during World War I.
• 1940 - The Germans returned during World War II, and in 1942 Luxembourg became part of the Third Reich.
• 1944 - Luxembourg became independent in September because the United States Army arrived.
• 1945 - Luxembourg joined the United Nations
• 1957 - Luxembourg became one of the first six members of the European Economic Community. That is now called the European Union.

Government

Luxembourg is a parliamentary democracy lead by a constitutional monarch. Under the constitution of 1868, executive power is in the hands of the Governor and the cabinet, which consists of several other ministers.

Districts, cantons, and communes

Luxembourg is divided into 3 districts, which are further divided into 12 cantons and then 116 communes. Twelve of the communes have city status, of which the city of Luxembourg is the largest.

Districts

The districts are

1. Diekirch
2. Grevenmacher
3. Luxembourg

Related pages

• List of rivers of Luxembourg
• Luxembourg at the Olympics
• Luxembourg national football team