Kyrgyzstan
| Kyrgyz Republic Кыргыз Республикасы
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| Anthem: Кыргыз Республикасынын Мамлекеттик Гимни Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic |
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| Capital and largest city |
Bishkek 42°52′N 74°36′E / 42.867°N 74.6°E |
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| Official languages[1] |
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| Demonym |
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| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic | |||||
| - | President | Almazbek Atambayev | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Djoomart Otorbaev | ||||
| Legislature | Supreme Council | |||||
| Independence from the Soviet Union | ||||||
| - | Kara-Kirghiz AO | 14 October 1924 | ||||
| - | Kirghiz SSR | 5 December 1936 | ||||
| - | Independence declared | 31 August 1991 | ||||
| - | Recognized | 25 December 1991 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 199,900 km2 (86th) 77,181 sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | 3.6 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2010 estimate | 5,550,239 (110th) | ||||
| - | 2009 census | 5,362,800 | ||||
| - | Density | 27.4/km2 (176th) 71/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2011 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $13.125 billion[3] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $2,372[3] | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2011 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $5.920 billion[3] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $1,070[3] | ||||
| Gini (2003) | 30.3 medium |
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| HDI (2013) | 0.622[4] medium · 125th |
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| Currency | Som (KGS) | |||||
| Time zone | KGT (UTC+5 to +6) | |||||
| Drives on the | right | |||||
| Calling code | +996 | |||||
| Internet TLD | .kg | |||||
Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан), formally the Kyrgyz Republic, and sometimes known as Kirghizia, is a country in Central Asia. The country is landlocked (has no coast) and mountainous. It has borders with China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Its capital is Bishkek. It was a Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union, but became independent in 1991. The country was peaceful in the 1990s. Its president, Askar Akayev showed an autocratic and authoritarian character.
In 2005, there was an unexpected revolution after the elections of parliament (the legislature) in March. President Akayev resigned on April 4 of that year. Opposition leaders formed a coalition (a group from more than one party), and a new government was formed, led by President Kurmanbek Bakiyev and Prime Minister Feliks Kulov.
At the moment, different political groups are fighting for power in the republic. Three of the 75 elected members of Parliament have been murdered.
Geography[change | change source]
Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked country in Central Asia. It is farther from the sea than other individual country. It borders Kazakhstan, China, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It is farther from an ocean than any other country in the world. Mountains cover over 80% of the country.[5]
Issyk-Kul Lake is the largest lake in Kyrgyzstan. It is the second largest mountain lake in the world after Titicaca. Peak Jengish Chokusu, at 7,439 m (24,406 ft), is the highest point. The highest peaks are in the Kakshaal-Too range.
Bishkek, the capital city, is in the north. It is largest city in Kyrgyzstan. The second largest is the ancient town of Osh.
Cities[change | change source]
| Name | Kyrgyz name | Oblast | Population [6] | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balykchy | Балыкчы | Issyk Kul | 41,342 | city |
| Batken | Баткен | Batken | 10,987 | city |
| Bishkek | Бишкек | - | 750,327 | city |
| Cholpon-Ata | Чолпоната | Issyk Kul | 8,851 | city |
| Isfana | Исфана | Batken | 16,850 | city |
| Jalal-Abad | Жалалабат | Jalal-Abad | 70,401 | city |
| Kant | Кант | Chuy | 22,075 | city |
| Kara-Balta | Карабалта | Chuy | 47,159 | city |
| Karakol | Каракол | Issyk Kul | 64,322 | city |
| Karaköl | Каракөл | Jalal-Abad | 17,977 | city |
| Kara-Suu | Карасуу | Osh | 19,143 | city |
| Kerben | Кербен | Jalal-Abad | n/a | city |
| Kochkor-Ata | Кочкората | Jalal-Abad | 16,104 | city |
| Kökjanggak | Көкжаңгак | Jalal-Abad | 10,727 | city |
| Kyzyl-Kiya | Кызылкыя | Batken | 31,844 | city |
| Mailuu-Suu | Майлуусуу | Jalal-Abad | 20,365 | city |
| Naryn | Нарын | Naryn | 40,050 | city |
| Nookat | Ноокат | Osh | n/a | city |
| Osh | Oш | Osh | 208,520 | city |
| Shopokov | Шопоков | Chuy | 9,133 | city |
| Sulyukta | Сүлүктү | Batken | 14,145 | city |
| Talas | Tалас | Talas | 32,638 | city |
| Tashkömür | Ташкөмүр | Jalal-Abad | 23,331 | city |
| Tokmok | Tокмок | Chuy | 59,409 | city |
| Uzgen | Өзгөн | Osh | 41,497 | city |
Economy[change | change source]
Kyrgyzstan was the second poorest country in the former Soviet Union. Now it is the second poorest country in Central Asia.
Agriculture is an important part of the economy in Kyrgyzstan. Much farming is being done by hand and by horse. Main crops include wheat, sugar beets, potatoes, cotton, tobacco, vegetables, and fruit.
Kyrgyzstan is rich in mineral resources. It has negligible petroleum and natural gas reserves. Among its mineral reserves are substantial deposits of coal, gold, uranium, antimony. Metallurgy is an important industry.
Imports petroleum and natural gas, ferrous metals, chemicals, most machinery, wood and paper products, some foods and construction materials. Its trade partners are Germany, Russia, China, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan.
Related pages[change | change source]
References[change | change source]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Kyrgyzstan |
- ↑ "Constitution". Government of Kyrgyzstan. http://eng.gov.kg/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=20&Itemid=47. Retrieved 2009-09-23. "
Article 5
1. The state language of the Kyrgyz Republic shall be the Kyrgyz language.
2. In the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian language shall be used in the capacity of an official language." - ↑ Kyrgysztan in the CIA World Factbook.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Kyrgyzstan". International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=29&pr.y=7&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=917&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
- ↑ "Human Development Report 2009: Kyrgyzstan". The United Nations. http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_KGZ.html. Retrieved 2009-10-18.
- ↑ Escobar, Pepe. "The Tulip Revolution takes root". Asia Times Online. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Central_Asia/GC26Ag03.html. Retrieved 21 November 2007.
- ↑ 1999 census results, as taken from the German wikipedia article Liste der Städte in Kirgisistan. Numbers in italics are 2008 estimates, taken from "www.world-gazetteer.com". Archived from the original on 2012-12-04. http://archive.is/flul..
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