Commuting (Journey to Work)

American Community Survey

The American Community Survey includes a question on means of transportation to work asked of those ages 16 and over who were employed and at work in the previous week. Individuals working at home are those who reported ��work at home’’ on this question. More information, including a copy of the ACS questionnaire is available on the ACS home page.

2010 ACS 

• Home-Based Workers in the United States: 2010 
  • Report [PDF - 1.3M] , by Peter J. Mateyka, Melanie A. Rapino, and Liana Christin Landivar.
  • Infographic [PDF - 1.8M] , by Peter J. Mateyka, Melanie A. Rapino, and Liana Christin Landivar.
• Percent of Workers 16 Years and Over who Worked at Home for Metropolitan Statistical Areas: 2000, 2005, and 2010 [XLS - 265K]

Decennial Census

Census 2000 

• Working at Home: 2000  (PHC-T-35)

1990 Census 

• Increase of At-Home Workers Reverses Earlier Trend. [PDF - 46K]
• Detailed Tables  (CPH-L-195)

Survey of Income and Program Participation

The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) includes a Work Schedule topical module that is asked of employed respondents who are least 15 years old. The topical module contains a variety of detailed questions related to respondents’ employment history and job details, including whether respondents worked at home during a typical week in the previous month and whether there were any days when the respondent worked entirely at home. More information, including a data dictionary containing the exact questions contained within the topical module, is available from the SIPP home page.

2010 SIPP 

• Home Based Workers in the United States: 2010 [PDF - 256K]
• Table 1 [XLS - 42K]  Selected Demographic Characteristics of Employed People by Work-at-Home Status: 2010.
• Table 2 [XLS - 44K]  Selected Demographic Characteristics of Home-Based Workers: 2010.
• Table 3 [XLS - 40K]  Class, Industry, and Occupation of Worker by Work-at-Home Status: 2010.
• Table 4 [XLS - 35K]  Median Monthly Personal Earnings by Age, Sex, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Work-at-Home Status: 2010.
• Table 5 [XLS - 37K]  Median Monthly Personal Earnings by Class, Industry, Occupation, and Work-at-Home Status: 2010.
• Table 6 [XLS - 37K]  Hours Worked Per Typical Workday and Workweek by Work-at-Home Status: 2010.
• Table 7 [XLS - 36K]  Days Worked and Days Worked Only at Home by Work-at-Home Status: 2010.
• Table 8 [XLS - 34K]  Days Worked at Home for Home Workers and Mixed Workers: 2010.
• Table 9 [XLS - 37K]  Work Schedule and Reason for Working Schedule by Work-at-Home Status: 2010.
• Table 10 [XLS - 35K]  Work-at-Home Status of Employed People, Primary Job Only: 1995-2010.

2005 SIPP 

• Table 1 [XLS - 35K]  Selected Demographic Characteristics of Employed People by Work-at-Home Status: 2005.
• Table 2 [XLS - 37K]  Selected Demographic Characteristics of Home-Based Workers: 2005.
• Table 3 [XLS - 32K]  Class, Industry, and Occupation of Worker by Work-at-Home Status: 2005.
• Table 4 [XLS - 26K]  Median Monthly Personal Earnings by Age, Sex, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Work-at-Home Status: 2005.
• Table 5 [XLS - 28K]  Median Monthly Personal Earnings by Class, Industry, Occupation, and Work-at-Home Status: 2005.
• Table 6 [XLS - 28K]  Hours Worked Per Typical Workday and Workweek by Work-at-Home Status: 2005.
• Table 7 [XLS - 27K]  Days Worked and Days Worked Only at Home by Work-at-Home Status: 2005.
• Table 8 [XLS - 25K]  Days Worked at Home for Home Workers and Mixed Workers: 2005.
• Table 9 [XLS - 28K]  Work Schedule and Reason for Working Schedule by Work-at-Home Status: 2005.
• Table 10 [XLS - 24K]  Work-at-Home Status of Employed People, Primary Job Only: 1995-2005.

2002 SIPP 

• Table 1 [XLS - 35K]  Selected Demographic Characteristics of Employed People by Work-at-Home Status: 2002.
• Table 2 [XLS - 37K]  Selected Demographic Characteristics of Home-Based Workers: 2002.
• Table 3 [XLS - 32K]  Class, Industry, and Occupation of Worker by Work-at-Home Status: 2002.
• Table 4 [XLS - 26K]  Median Monthly Personal Earnings by Age, Sex, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Work-at-Home Status: 2002.
• Table 5 [XLS - 28K]  Median Monthly Personal Earnings by Class, Industry, Occupation, and Work-at-Home Status: 2002.
• Table 6 [XLS - 28K]  Hours Worked Per Typical Workday and Workweek by Work-at-Home Status: 2002.
• Table 7 [XLS - 27K]  Days Worked and Days Worked Only at Home by Work-at-Home Status: 2002.
• Table 8 [XLS - 25K]  Days Worked at Home for Home Workers and Mixed Workers: 2002.
• Table 9 [XLS - 28K]  Work Schedule and Reason for Working Schedule by Work-at-Home Status: 2002.

1999 SIPP 

• Table 1 [XLS - 35K]  Selected Demographic Characteristics of Employed People by Work-at-Home Status: 1999.
• Table 2 [XLS - 37K]  Selected Demographic Characteristics of Home-Based Workers: 1999.
• Table 3 [XLS - 32K]  Class, Industry, and Occupation of Worker by Work-at-Home Status: 1999.
• Table 4 [XLS - 26K]  Median Monthly Personal Earnings by Age, Sex, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Work-at-Home Status: 1999.
• Table 5 [XLS - 28K]  Median Monthly Personal Earnings by Class, Industry, Occupation, and Work-at-Home Status: 1999.
• Table 6 [XLS - 28K]  Hours Worked Per Typical Workday and Workweek by Work-at-Home Status: 1999.
• Table 7 [XLS - 27K]  Days Worked and Days Worked Only at Home by Work-at-Home Status: 1999.
• Table 8 [XLS - 25K]  Days Worked at Home for Home Workers and Mixed Workers: 1999.
• Table 9 [XLS - 28K]  Work Schedule and Reason for Working Schedule by Work-at-Home Status: 1999.

1997 SIPP 

• Home Based Workers in the United States: 1997 [PDF - 240K]

1995 SIPP  Tables comparable to those shown in the 1997 report

• Table 3. Employed People by Self-Employment, Industry, and Occupation: 1995 [XLS - 25K] [PDF - 46K] [TXT - 5K]
• Table 4. Employed People by Selected Characteristics: 1995 [XLS - 26K] [PDF - 49K] [TXT - 5K]
• Figure 1. Days Worked at Home for Home Workers and Mixed Workers: 1995 [GIF - 19K] [PDF - 53K] [XLS - 7K]
• Figure 2. Work at Home Status by Occupation: 1995 [GIF - 11K] [PDF - 46K] [XLS - 24K]