Republic of Cyprus
| Republic of Cyprus |
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| Anthem:
Ὕμνος εἰς τὴν Ἐλευθερίαν Hymn to Liberty1 |
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![Location of Republic of Cyprus (green)in the European Union (light green) — [Legend]](/web/20150910071848/https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EU-Cyprus.svg) Location of Republic of Cyprus (green)
in the European Union (light green) — [Legend] |
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| Capital and largest city |
Nicosia (Λευκωσία, Lefkoşa) 35°08′N 33°28′E / 35.133°N 33.467°E |
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| Official languages | Greek, Turkish[1] | |||||
| Ethnic groups (2001) | 77% Greek 18% Turkish 5% others[2] |
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| Demonym | Cypriot, Greek Cypriot, Turkish Cypriot | |||||
| Government | Presidential republic | |||||
| - | President | Nicos Anastasiades | ||||
| Independence from the United Kingdom | ||||||
| - | Zürich and London Agreement | 19 February 1959 | ||||
| - | Proclaimed | 16 August 1960 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 9,251 km2 (167th) 3,572 (Includes North) sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | negligible | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2010 estimate | 803,147[3] (Does not include North) 1,088,503 (whole island) |
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| - | Density | 117/km2 (115th) 221/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2010 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $23.190 billion[4] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $28,256[4] | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2010 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $23.174 billion[4] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $28,237[4] | ||||
| Gini (2005) | 29 low · 19th |
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| HDI (2011) |  0.840very high · 31st |
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| Currency | Euro2 (EUR) | |||||
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | |||||
| - | Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | ||||
| Drives on the | left | |||||
| Calling code | 357 | |||||
| Internet TLD | .cy3 | |||||
| 1. | Also the national anthem of Greece. | |||||
| 2. | Before 2008, the Cypriot pound. | |||||
| 3. | The .eu domain is also used, shared with other European Union member states. | |||||
Cyprus is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. At present it is divided de facto into two countries.
The Republic of Cyprus is a member state of the European Union. Although it is close to Asia, Cyprus is also a part of Europe because of the culture and history of the people. The capital of the Republic is Nicosia. Most of the population speaks Greek, and a minority is Turkish-speaking.
In July 1974 Turkey invaded Cyprus and since then the northern part of the island is under Turkish occupation (illegally, according to the Greek government). The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is not recognised by any international organisation. When entering by aeroplane, a short stop is made to an airport in mainland Turkey.
The present situation came about because Cyprus, historically Greek, was conquered and became part of the Ottoman Empire from 1570–1914, though de facto the British administered it from 1878 until 1960. Likewise, Greece had been part of the Ottoman Empire for several centuries. Negotiations for a unified island have been held several times without success.
In 2004 Cyprus joined the European Union and on 1 January 2008 Cyprus adopted the Euro, the single European currency. Northern Cyprus accepts Turkish lira, and sometimes the Euro or United States dollar.
Geography[change | change source]
Cyprus is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after the Italian islands of Sicily and Sardinia.
There are two mountain ranges, the Troodos Mountains and the smaller Kyrenia Range. Pedieos River is the longest on the island. The highest point on Cyprus is Mount Olympus at 1,952 m (6,404 ft).
The Republic of Cyprus is only on the southern two-thirds of the island (59.74%). The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is the northern third (34.85%).
Politics[change | change source]
The Republic of Cyprus is a constitutional presidential republic. Each President is elected for a five year term and has a considerable amount of power. Cyprus is the only member of the European Union that is governed by a presidential system of government. It is also one of few countries (Along with San Marino) to have had a democratically-elected communist government, in office from 2008 until 2013. The current governing party is the Democratic Rally.
Districts[change | change source]
The Republic of Cyprus is divided into six districts:[5] Nicosia, Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol and Paphos. These are not the same as those of Northern Cyprus.
Cities[change | change source]
This is a list of cities and towns in Cyprus. This list shows cities and towns that had over 10,000 people in the 2006 census.
| # | City | 2006 Census | District |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nicosia | 398,293 | Nicosia |
| 2 | Limassol | 235,056 | Limassol |
| 3 | Larnaca | 140,000 | Larnaca |
| 4 | Paphos | 66,364 | Paphos |
| 5 | Kyrenia | 62,504 | Kyrenia |
| 6 | Famagusta | 42,526 | Famagusta |
| 7 | Protaras | 20,230 | Famagusta |
| 8 | Aradhippou | 20,000 | Larnaca |
| 9 | Morphou | 14,833 | Nicosia |
| 10 | Paralimni | 11,836 | Famagusta |
Related pages[change | change source]
References[change | change source]
- ↑ Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus: "The official languages of the Republic are Greek and Turkish" (Appendix D, Part 01, Article 3)
- ↑ "Cyprus". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cy.html. Retrieved 9 February 2010.
- ↑ "Total population as of 1 January". Eurostat. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&language=en&pcode=tps00001&tableSelection=1&footnotes=yes&labeling=labels&plugin=1. Retrieved 14 January 2010.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Cyprus". International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=53&pr.y=0&sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=423&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
- ↑ "EUROPA – The EU at a glance – Maps – Cyprus". Europa (web portal). http://europa.eu/abc/maps/members/cyprus_en.htm. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
Other websites[change | change source]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: cyprus |
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