Health

Updated: 15:41 EST

Woman paralysed from the neck down after doing a sit-up

Marcelle Mancuso (left and centre before the incident, and top right after being paralysed), 23, from Brazil, broke a vertebrae after slipping off a bench while performing the inverted abdominal exercise (bottom right). Doctors warned her she could be a tetraplegic for life and fitted her with a titanium plate (inset) held by six screws into her spine. But after months of physiotherapy Miss Mancuso, who has 4,700 followers on Instagram, gradually regained movement in one toe or finger at a time. Now, the law graduate has made a miracle recovery. She is back at the gym and even started doing inverted sit-ups again.

Photos reignite debate over dementia 'doll therapy'

Sandy Cambron, 69, lost her mother-in-law Pearl to Alzheimer's in 2008. In Pearl's final days she was most comforted by a baby doll. For the past decade, Sandy and her husband Wayne (inset) have delivered more than 200 dolls to nursing homes in Louisville, Kentucky. Photos from their visit to a home on Valentines Day have gone viral on Facebook (left and right), sparking a debate over the effectiveness of doll therapy. Research has shown that the use of dolls with dementia patients can be therapeutic and increase engagement levels and sense of security, but critics say it infantalizes the patients.

Children who consume daily doses of peanut powder are less likely to have allergic reactions to the legume, according to new research conducted by California-based Aimmune Therapeutics.

Insurance company Anthem has issued new guidelines suggesting that ophthalmologists administer and monster anesthesia while looking through microscopes to operate on eyes.

Runners listening to 'Happy' by Pharrell Williams enjoy their workout 28 per cent more than those who do so in silence, according to researchers at Brunel University.

What is Graves' disease?

Wendy Williams announced on Wednesday that she was diagnosed with Graves Disease, a common disorder related to a person's thyroid. She'll be taking three weeks off. News of her diagnosis comes after Williams fainted on air, creating concern among fans about her health and well being.

Microbial physiologist Dr Lynn Dover, from Northumbria University, who was involved in the investigation claims most bacteria and fungi in people's homes are harmless.

Welsh baby will have legs amputated before first birthday

Freya Gibbs (pictured left with her father Michael Gibbs, 28, and sister Olivia, seven), from near Aberystwyth in Wales, suffers from bilateral tibial hemimelia, which means she was born without shin bones. Family and friends are rallying around Freya, who also appears to be missing knee and ankle joints. Her mother Danielle Sparks (right), 25, has revealed the only treatment available for her daughter is a double amputation. Speaking for the first time, she said: 'Freya’s condition is rare, and it’s even more severe because she has it in both legs.'

Researchers from the Spanish National Research Council in Madrid found antioxidants in wine significantly prevent bacteria that cause plaque and cavities from sticking to gums.

University of Minnesota scientists found the risk of venous thromboembolism remained high, even when weight and exercise levels were taken into account after analysing data from 15,000 adults.

A bill to declare porn a public health risk passed the Florida House of Representatives Tuesday. In the same hearing session, lawmakers shut down a proposal to discuss a ban on assault rifles.

While an increase in suicides is common after natural disasters, this surge will likely keep climbing for longer than usual since a third of the island has yet to restore resources, experts warn.

'I beat breast cancer - but side effects nearly killed me'

Virginia Harrod, 52, (center) beat breast and thyroid cancers, but the Kentucky attorney and farmer could have been killed by her constant battle with an infection (right) caused by a common treatment side effect called lymphedema. Even after a transplant to ease the symptoms of lymphedema, a condition that can cause huge quantities of immune system fluid to build up, she has to wear a compression sleeve (left) at all times to keep the swelling under control.

Santlal Pal, a cloth seller, had a 4.1lbs (1.9kg) mass pulled out by a team of experts at the BYL Nair Charitable Hospital in Mumbai in a mammoth operation. They claim it is heavier than any before.

Researchers, which included Lancaster University, found cerebrospinal fluid, which is found in the brain and spinal cord, changes its speed of movement in people older than mid-20s.

The Medicines Healthcare Regulations Agency today warned a 'manufacturing issue' meant two batches of popular inhalers weren't delivering the full number of life-saving doses to patients in the UK.

Researchers from the University of Edinburgh found treating women with DHEA doubles the number of proteins associated with the implantation of fertilised eggs in the uterus.

Louise Watson, 28, from the UK, was walking on a cobbled street when her ankle rolled, causing her to experience agonising pain in her back and pelvis, with doctors being clueless how to help.

The review, announced by Mrs May during Prime Minister's Questions, will delve into how authorities responded to concerns raised by those affected and establish whether fears were raised upon.

Woman's cancer ate away her ribs like 'a caterpillar'

In February 2012, Catherine Cook (pictured left with her boyfriend Ian Land, now 44), 55, from Suffolk, began experiencing tight pains in her chest and shoulder, which intensified over the next six months. By June that year, the discomfort was agonising and left her 'basically addicted to painkillers.' After multiple visits to the doctor, the mother-of-two (pictured right with her grandchildren) was finally referred to a specialist in August. Although surgery was not thought to be an option, Ms Cook had three ribs and half of her lung removed in February 2013 (pictured inset in hospital).

Opokua Kwapong, who lives alone in New York, was on a FaceTime call with her sister Adumea Sapong, from Manchester. Tests in hospital later revealed she had a blood clot in the brain.

Medical devices like pacemakers and insulin pumps are at risk for hacking the could have deadly consequences, warns a new report by the American College of Cardiology.

Researchers from the University of Geneva believe underprivileged upbringings may cause youngsters stress, which could lead to inflammation that affects their immunity and overall health.

Belly buttons are the new plastic surgery craze

These days, anything can be nipped and tucked. In fact, Americans have spent $16 billion to adjust their appearance in 2016. Now, plastic surgeons say people are bringing in photos of Emily Ratajkowski (left), Jessica Simpson when she starred in 2005 film The Dukes of Hazzard (center), and Erin Heatherton (right) and asking for their belly buttons. They believe this uptick is due to social media outlets like Facebook and Instagram.

GPs are being urged to refer ‘frequent attender’ patients to activities in the local community including art classes, walking groups, dance lessons and volunteering opportunities.

Whether it is sprouts or spinach your child hates, putting it in front of them again and again seems to be the best strategy and offering them a reward has little added benefit, Belgian researchers found.

Research by Bristol and Warwick university has shown that the NHS are spending millions of pounds on management consultants when they should be spending the money on services

Researches as Leon University in Spain found that a potentially damaging number of particles are released by fires, and it can take three hours after opening a window to clear pollution.

Serena Williams rallies for healthcare for new mothers

Serena Williams gave birth to her daughter Alexis Olympia via emergency c-section. The day after she gave birth, a scan revealed several blood clots in her lungs. She was given a drip with an anticoagulants but her c-section scar opened from coughing caused by her pulmonary embolism; her abdomen filled with her blood. A filter had to be inserted in a major vein to keep blood clots from travelling to her lungs and she was put on bed rest for the next six weeks. Now Williams, 36, has penned an op-ed about the dire state of maternal deaths and infant deaths in the US and around the world. Pictured: Serena and Alexis (left) recently; Serena during a doubles match with her sister Venus last week (inset); and with her daughter and husband (right).

A nursing survey shows that dying patients are being failed in their final days as there is too much pressure to care for them. Patients are being left stranded rather than being allowed die at home.

Public health researchers at New York University and the University of Connecticut warn parents do not need the drinks, which pediatricians do not recommend given their sugary content.

Researchers from Michigan University found sending electrical signals from the foot to the base of women's spines causes a tickling tingle that could leave them aroused in just 30 minutes.

Experts warn many of us hold false beliefs about sex, including that you should peeing before, and that it could affect your heart. They also insist sex could help your headache, rather than worsen it.

Chrissy Teigen shares her second pregnancy experience

Chrissy Teigen, 32, and John Legend, 39, are expecting a baby boy in June. The candid former Sports Illustrated model has used social media to share intimate details about her pregnancy and ask questions to other moms (inset). Since announcing the pregnancy, Teigen has tweeted about everything from the euphoria of 'pregnancy sneezes' to almost peeing her pants. Her experiences offer a personal look into how a woman's second pregnancy differs from the first.

Researchers at Stanford University found low-fat diets and low-carb diets are equally effective when it comes to weight loss. The findings were published today in JAMA.

Experts say 'booze is booze' and 'diet' cocktails, which are filled with chemicals, can ultimately have the same impact on the waistline as a regular alcoholic drink.

Toddler who battled 11 defects has defied the odds

Sophia Marshall (pictured left), from Wychbold, Worcestershire, was just 18 months old when doctors suggested that her devastated parents, Chantelle and Samuel (pictured left), both 30, take her to a hospice to live out her final days in comfort. Determined not to give up on their only daughter, they made the difficult decision to have Sophia (pictured right and inset in hospital), who suffered her first cardiac arrest at just two days old in her father's arms, undergo a risky operation last July.

Sackler family made billions off of the opioid crisis

More than 200 US states, cities and counties have sued Purdue Pharma - a company that was run for decades by a single family who created the addictive drug OxyContin - as the opioid crisis ravages the country. The Sackler family, run by three Brooklyn-born sons of Jewish immigrants - Arthur (top left), Raymond (bottom left) and Mortimer (main, with his third wife, Theresa, and daughter, Marissa), founded what would become Purdue in 1952, and made a mint producing pharmaceutical advertisements - some of which were later learned to be misleading. When the company, under the rule of another Sackler, developed OxyContin, it again misbranded the drug and promoted it as safe from addiction. In 2007, Purdue Frederick (a subset of Purdue Pharma) was forced to pay $600 million in fines for federal misbranding, but the damage was already done. America was spiraling into opioid addiction - which now has evolved into a crisis of historic proportions declared by President Trump to be a public health emergency. Sackler family members such as Mortimer Jr (right, with his wife, Jacqueline) were listed as directors of related company Napp Pharmaceutical as recently as December 2016 - and, while the family is known for its philanthropy, the descendants of the original three brothers continue to enjoy lavish lifestyles and homes in London and the US, such as the sprawling Texas mansion (inset) of Richard Sackler

Consuming kratom, an herbal supplement marketed as an alternative to opioid drugs, has sickened 28 people with salmonella infections in the US, the CDC announced today.

Top medical organizations have criticized the Trump administration for blaming the shooting at a high school in Parkland, Florida, last week on mental health rather than weak gun control laws.

Measles affected 21,315 people across Europe last year, resulting in 35 deaths. This comes after a record low of just 5,273 incidences in 2016. Fear of vaccines is leaving many children unprotected.

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania analysed a library of genetic data, finding that new gene variants that have arisen in Asia and Africa seem to protect people against alcoholism.

Antony Holly had entire memory wiped after brain injury

Antony Holly, 22, can't remember his mum, sister, nieces, friends or even his own name after he collapsed at a train station on his commute home to Romford in Essex. Normal daily activities like showering, washing his hair and going to the toilet were a mystery to him as he simply couldn't recollect how to do them. The first thing in life he now remembers is being 17 and starting a traineeship with Waitrose.

Peanut butter is set to overtake jam as the nation’s favourite spread in a backlash against sugary foods - but what's the best alternative? Here, we assessed a selection of sweet treats...

Kate Rigby was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer after spotting a number of symptoms, including jaundiced eyes. Luckily, she was eligible for a pilot scheme testing a new way of treating the disease.

Recipes that helped a woman go from a size 14 to a 10

Starting the day with a banana-spinach smoothie, snacking on tuna crispbreads and hearty plant-based dinners not only saw UK-based Farah Mohseni, (pictured before left and after right) 55, ditch 13lbs (6kg) but also reversed her intolerable menopause symptoms and agonising back pain. Although cutting out her favourite ice cream initially left Ms Mohseni with excruciating headaches, the programme's occasional treats stopped her from falling off the wagon.

A Cambridge University study revealed last week that women's hands suffer the cold more than men's because women have less muscle mass and more fatty tissue.

Earlier this month, Dee Mani, a mother of two from Birmingham, claimed she’d cured her aggressive breast cancer by taking a drop of cannabis oil a day. But can it really work?

The selfie a woman took just before she had a stroke 

Just moments after taking the snap (left), Debbie Schofield (pictured far right with her mother Janet Walker, 64, daughter Millie Schofield, five, niece Emily Makani, seven and sister Nicky Makai, 41), 37, from Hertfordshire, complained of a pounding headache before her eyes rolled back in her head and she was fighting for her life. Ms Schofield was rushed to hospital after her face starting to droop, her speech slur and her eyes roll back into her head (pictured right surrounded by her family on Christmas Day).

While it makes no claims to being educational, research reveals scores of Americans admit TV shows are their primary source of health information, both reality and drama.

Research from Lancaster Medical School suggests that reading can ease depression by causing behavioural changes through emotional responses.

A tiny wire cage may help men suffering symptoms of an enlarged prostate. The cage, implanted under sedation in five minutes, is designed to improve urine flow without any need for drugs or invasive surgery.

Emmanuel Kuntsche and Sarah Callinan, alcohol policy researchers at La Trobe University in Australia, warn your reasons for drinking influence your health generally.

Woman in ‘locked in’ syndrome for 9 years after tummy bug

A woman from Southampton has locked in syndrome, nine years after suffering a near fatal heart attack after being struck down by norovirus. When Rosemary Baker became ill with a tummy bug, she expected to get better after a few days' rest. But the virus led the then 42-year-old to suffer a cardiac arrest. She is now in a semi-comatose state, known as locked-In syndrome. Aware of what is going on, Mrs Baker is unable to communicate. Devoted husband Philip is now appealing for help to pay for a treatment which he believes will substantially improve her quality of life

Patrik Lamper (63), of Slovakia, checks James Wisniewski (21), of the United States, during the first period of the preliminary round of the men's hockey game at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Gangneung, South Korea, Friday, Feb. 16, 2018. (AP Photo/Frank Franklin II)

Officials have told hockey players to fist-bump each other this year at the Winter Olympics rather than shaking hands to prevent transmission of norovirus, which is highly contagious

We all know that lack of sleep is a major health concern - but how do we get those all-important 8 hours per night? Our experts reveal their top tips.

Women with ovarian cancer who think they're just bloated

Women are more likely to change their diet than seek medical help when suffering from a key symptom of ovarian cancer, a charity has warned. Despite persistent bloating (right) being one of the main signs of the disease, half of women say they would try measures such as eating more probiotic yoghurts or going gluten-free before visiting a doctor. Laura Everley (pictured), 38, dismissed her bloating as IBS and even tried going gluten-free before she received her diagnosis.

Junior doctor strikes in England two years ago had a 'significant impact' on patients: thousands of appointments were cancelled, according to the findings published in BMJ Open

Charles E Matthews, an epidemiologist at the National Cancer Institute, told a conference in Texas we need more physical activity than we thought - but more importantly, we need to sit less.

Columbia student died from opioid overdose in dorm room

Gage Billetto, 19, was found dead of a suspected opioid overdose in his Columbia University dorm room December 27. He had a history of drug use including marijuana, cocaine, ADHD medication and anti-anxiety pills that he reportedly obtained by lying to a psychiatrist. His parents Kyle and Glenn, both Harvard graduates living in the wealthy suburb of Bronxville, New York, said they had no idea the extent of his drug problem. He is pictured in high school, left, and with his family, right.

Researchers at New York University found that while pair so college roommates sensed changed in one another's stress levels, they often underestimated just how distressed their roommates were.

Tiernan Green, from County Armagh, suffered a fatal asthma attack after failing to use his brown inhaler. He's one of 1,400 UK residents who die this way, each year. This is his story.

Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have developed a device that turns smartphones into portable bacteria detectors, revealing potential risks in minutes.

The Daily Mail's resident GP answers your queries on everything and anything. This week,he deals with the effects of airport scanners, allergies chronic pain.

Photos of artificial limbs given to World War I veterans

One image shows a Senegalese amputee (inset) writing in 1918 to thank the American Red Cross for his artificial arms. Due to the industry being in its infancy, many veterans customised their limbs to suit their needs. One of these veterans was James Hanger (left), one of the first amputees of the war, who is pictured with his patented 'Hanger Limb'. A double amputee (right) is also seen posing for a picture with both of his artificial legs in 1919.

EXCLUSIVE: If you want to look more attractive, you should join a crowd, a new study says. Dubbed the 'cheerleader' effect, the research shows that people are rated more attractive when in a group.

Researchers from Cambridge University found excessive levels of calcium triggers nerve cell death, despite the mineral being critical for communication in the brain.

Researchers from Brigham Young University found running helps protect from the negative effects of stress on the hippocampus - the part of the brain responsible for learning and memory.

Harvard University scientists found that four viruses contain insulin-like proteins. The new research suggests that these may trigger type 1 and type 2 diabetes by tricking the body.

The research published today by the American Heart Association offers clearer evidence than ever that female heart attack survivors may need more intensive care after a cardiac event than men.

Baby is given a handmade heart after theirs fails to grow

Baby girl Macy from Glasgow was born with half a heart and only expected to survive for a week. She is now thriving at 10-months-old, thanks to doctors who built her a 'handmade heart' using another infant's valve. Mother Amber Fullarton, 18, of Glasgow, Scotland, says she will be eternally grateful to the baby's brave parents for donating their late child's organs and saving her daughter Macy's life.

A 56-year-old man from Hyderabad in India has two hearts that beat in unison after doctors were forced to use a smaller heart to complement the failing organ.

There's a sex injury that's common, painful and poorly understood. The injury targets the cervix and can cause bleeding and sensitivity

Hospital patients just hours or days from death are to be offered 'compassion' signs near their beds to alert staff and visitors. The scheme aims to offer them give them peace, dignity and respect

Researchers from the University of Michigan found eliminating the food additive MSG, which is also commonly found in stock cubes, eases pain by more than 30 percent after just two weeks.

Mother who thought she had flu had a rare brain condition

Hannah Joels, 35, from Loughborough, Leicestershire, was left critically ill in hospital after suffering encephalitis. Her condition was so severe that she spent 22 hours a day sleeping and her memory was temporarily wiped - meaning she couldn’t even recognise her own two-year-old daughter India. After three weeks she was finally allowed home but she still is unable to remember family holidays, people’s names or her daughter growing up.

Teresita Briones, 79, has a tumour the size of bucket growing from her cheek. She thought at first was a mole, but it swelled and developed rapidly. Within a year it was the size of small tennis ball.

Men typically have 1,000 more calories every day than they account for, while women consumed about 800 more than they estimate, according to figures from the Office for National Statistics.

Professor Claudia Kawas, of the University of California, tracked data on around 1,700 people who were in their nineties in 2003 - called the '90+ study'.

Researchers at Northwestern University were stunned when they carried out research on 'super agers', who had dementia tangles on brain scans but seemed not to be affected by the disease.

The successful Stanford University project could even open the door to finding a cure for type 1 diabetes by creating healthy pancreases to regulate blood sugar.

While previous research managed to monitor temperature and muscle strength with stick-on sensors, this new incarnation by Japanese scientists can perform a sonogram of the heart.

Nell McAndrew's battle with Lyme disease after park run

It was an exercise session in a local park that almost became the mother-of-two Nell McAndrew's undoing – after a tiny tick bite led to her developing potentially life-changing Lyme disease. ‘It was a couple of summers ago and I did a boot camp class at my local park,’ recalls Nell, 44, who lives in London with husband, Paul, her son, Devon, 11, and daughter Anya, four. ‘I also run through the park. There are signs up saying you should always take precautions to cover up because of the risk of ticks in the area, but as the weather was so nice I exercised in just shorts and a vest.

The 'bonkbuster' pensioner reveals how she believes sex is vital for a relationship, but doesn't get much these days. Also confesses that she thinks constantly about her weight

Is anything being done about blood-eating hospital bug?

A killer ‘blood-eating’ bacterial infection that may have affected thousands of British heart patients has claimed seven more lives in the past year, The Mail on Sunday has learned. The death toll from the hospital bug mycobacterium chimaera (MC), spread by contaminated heart surgery machines, continues to rise a year after the problem was exposed by this newspaper. Carol Inkpen (pictured), 66, of Farnborough, Hampshire, whose 71-year-old retired lorry driver husband Michael (right) died earlier this month, said treatment which began last March to try to get rid of the infection destroyed his liver and kidney function and left him deaf.Michael had heart by-pass and valve replacement surgery at St. George’s Hospital in London in December 2013. He had three years of good health before the spread of the bacteria resulted in it destroying the red cells in his blood.

Waiting times have soared by 40 per cent in four years as the NHS struggles with growing demand. Many needing the operations are in such severe pain they cannot walk short distances.

The investigation also revealed that just five of the 100 biggest-earning consultants in England are female, despite them making up a third of the overall workforce.

When we see another human being in distress, it’s only natural to comfort them. It doesn’t matter if you’re a doctor or a dustman, the instinct to touch and console is overwhelming.

Woman's rosacea treated with flowers

EXCLUSIVE: India Kelly, 24, from Essex has described her experience with the skin condition rosacea. It caused her face to 'erupt' into terrible blotches and small bumps that doctors found difficult to diagnose. Luckily, India stumbled upon a blog from a woman who had the same condition and who had discovered a treatment that actually worked

The study, whose lead author is from Ohio State University, involved 50 people aged 18 to 65 who monitored their food intake and waste over about a week.

One in every eight couples struggles to get pregnant. While there is no magic potion, three experts told Daily Mail Online why having sex twice in an hour might work and why other tricks are myths.

Children with high levels of exposure to violence like this week's deadly school shooting in Broward County, Florida, are more likely to have high levels of depression, anger and anxiety.

University of California researchers have shown gut affects sleep and memory. But each person's gut needs are very different - some can fare better with ice cream than others.

Sculpt your abs and save your back: Soul Sisters fitness duo reveals the core exercises that skip the strain 

London-based physical trainers and sisters Maddy and Alex Weaver shared a core workout routine with Daily Mail Online that can be performed by people suffering from lower back pain or discomfort. Their exercises include heel taps, the bird dog, side planks, and arm and leg extensions.

EXCLUSIVE Two men became seriously ill with Legionnaires' disease after inhaling infected water droplets from separate car washes in Italy. The same risk applies in the UK, an expert warns.

CDC figures show there has been an 89 percent decrease in rates among girls aged 14 to 24 who have received the shot since 2006. But rates remain low in the US.

Flu activity in the US remained stable from last week to this one, a first for this season. It is a hopeful sign, but pediatric deaths and already record-high hospitalizations are expected to climb.

Researchers from the University of Maryland found stress changes the father's sperm, which can then alter the brain development of the child.

A drug commonly used to prevent mental decline in patients with dementia reportedly reversed the effects of alcohol exposure in adolescent rats, according to a Duke University study.

Researchers from Zhejiang University in China found ketamine controls the transmission of electrical signals via nerve cells in rodents. Other antidepressants change brain chemical levels.

Mother-of-five dismissed skin cancer for a glasses mark  

Narelle Krikhoff (right), 53, from Brisbane, who only started wearing suncream at 20 years old, had part of her nose removed (pictured left after surgery) when doctor discovered the mark on her nose was actually a cancerous lump. Yet, after being tested, the personal trainer (pictured inset) was diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma last month.

Experts are increasingly concerned by the hot trend for DIY fecal transplants, saying participants are opening themselves up to a range of new illnesses without appreciating how dangerous it is

James Parkin, 41, from Bramley, Hampshire, has been left unable to smile after doctors discovered his 'toothache' symptoms were a rare cancerous tumour wrapped around his nerves.

Secretaries and admin staff took on ward duties in a Lincolnshire hospital after it was hit with a staffing crisis after Diana, Princess of Wales Hospital put out a desperate appeal for staff, Wednesday

New Jersey girl dies despite getting flu shot

Nevaeh Hernandez, 6, of North Bergen, New Jersey, died from the flu on Monday. Her family is considering legal action against the hospital her mother, Stephanie Conteron (pictured) took her to last Friday which failed to diagnose her and sent her home. She quickly deteriorated, seized, slipped into a coma and died before her father could make it back - with a police escort - from the US Army base where he was stationed in Germany.

Older people unaware they have memory problems are almost three times more likely to develop dementia within the next two years, according to new research

Peter Maggs, 71, from Abergavenny, lost ribs and half his breastbone after having a tennis ball-sized tumour removed from his chest. He now has a bespoke chest wall made of titanium.

Boy can't eat or breathe due to face swollen by cysts

A boy left unable to eat or breathe and his head swollen out of proportion due to an incurable disease finds hope with lifechanging miracle surgery. Ryder, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, was diagnosed with lymphatic malformations - which caused swelling around his face, neck, throat, back and the mediastinum.

Trainers and physicians have identified some of the most effective habits of Olympians like Lindsey Vonn, pictured, competing in Pyeongchang, South Korea that can be used by the average athlete.

The Royal College of GPs said the latest NHS Digital figures show the number of family doctors fell to 33,872 in December from 34,091 in September.

Women are being pushed into unnecessary C-sections because they are not given enough time to give birth, the World Health Organisation has warned.

Mum forced to give seven-week-old baby the kiss of life

Mother Nicola Bell from Leeds had to give her seven-week-old baby emergency resuscitation, after she started choking on her own mucus, thanks to training she received at her local hospital. Nicola says that all parents should be trained to resuscitate their baby, 'if that heart-breaking moment comes, parents should know how to do it'

Faecal microorganism transplants are used to treat certain stomach conditions and have been known to help people with C.diff and Crohn's disease, among others.

Nathalie Brassard, a program director at FASCETS, which works with parents of FASD, told Daily Mail Online Nikolas Cruz, 19, has characteristics of a brain-based condition like FASD.

Preliminary data released by the CDC Thursday shows this year's flu vaccine is only 25 percent effective against H3N2, the vicious strain responsible for three-fourths of the year's cases.

Researched at the University of Bergen assessed the lungs of 6,235 women and men at 22 centres and then checked on them over the course of twenty years. The damage was stark.

Toddler's died meningitis was dismissed as  tonsillitis

In June 2016, Bobby Beardshall (pictured left and inset in hospital), now three, from Hull, was taken to doctors by his mother Jane Brown, 42, after he developed a fever, high-pitched cry and insomnia. Even after Ms Brown suggested it may be meningitis, medics were prepared to send the youngster home with antibiotics, but she insisted the then 17-month-old be monitored in hospital. Although Bobby, now three, has recovered, he has lost his hearing and had to relearn how to talk and sit up (right picture believed to be taken after the incident).

Lena Dunham, 31, revealed she underwent a hysterectomy after struggling with endometriosis-related pain for a decade. Experts say this procedure comes with some risks.

Three experts explain the best ways to talk - and listen - to children - to help them feel safe and sane in the aftermath of yesterday's shocking, deadly shooting in Parkland, Florida.

The mutation, which has not been named, was discovered in a genetic study of 186 women with ovarian cancer done by Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo, New York.

Researchers at Stanford University made personalized stem cell vaccines for mice. The stem cell shot, coupled with an immunity booster, shrank tumors in seven out of 10 of the mice.

OBGYN says you should not put ice cream in a vagina 

Dr Lauren Streicher of Northwestern University breaks down some of the missteps the Fifty Shades of Grey franchise make when it comes to sexual health. She explains why ice cream doesn't belong in the vagina, and which contraceptives Ana should be using.

A new study from Texas has established a tighter connection between exercise and resistance to the effects of Alzheimar's, by showing that poor fitness relates to a bad memory

Sam Cordero from Florida caught a brain-eating worm while eating a Christmas ham feast in December. The parasite traveled through his bloodstream from his stomach to his eye.

Short people are at an increased risk of stroke, according to a new study done among 300,000 Danish schoolchildren. The results say that height may even be as good a predictor of stroke as BMI.

New medical guidelines issued in Canada, where cannabis has been legal for medicinal use since 2001, warns the effects of the drug outweigh any minor benefits for the vast majority of conditions.

The baby that went from being healthy to 'fighting for her life' in 4 HOURS: Mother releases harrowing footage of her baby girl's battle against sepsis to warn other parents

Katie Goulbourn has shared footage of her 11-week-old daughter Chloe Pierce, from Holmes Chapel, Cheshire, saying if she'd have known the symptoms she would have been quicker to get help. More than 1.5 million people have watched the clip, posted on Facebook (inset), with thousands praising her for sharing it - despite it bringing back all her fear. Describing the video, taken before Chloe was hospitalised, she told Manchester Evening News: 'This is Chloe at 3.53pm (left) on Tuesday, January 16. By 5pm (right) she was in resuscitation with 10+ medical professionals doing everything to keep her alive.'

CRISPR research from the University of California might transform diagnostics. The scientists behind the new study are hopeful that it will speed up cancer and infectious disease diagnoses.

Researchers from the University of Edinburgh believe starting periods young and having irregular cycles may be linked to asthma as they both cause periods of excessive oestrogen exposure.

The World Health Organization has released its annual list of lethal pathogens that research should be fast-tracked for. It comes amid mounting fears of a global pandemic.

Emma Cannon explains the misconceptions around sex and fertility she has seen in her 20 years as a fertility and women's health expert, and what fertility treatments women should be wary of

Researchers from University College London analysed four young people with brain bleeds caused by amyloid protein build-ups and discovered all underwent brain surgery as children.

Researchers from Boston University found yoghurt lowers the risk of women with hypertension suffering an event by 30 percent and men by 19 percent due to its fermented, calcium content.

Florida woman is 12th person in world to have rare cancer

Rose Yarusskaya of Florida is in her third round of a battle against a rare head and neck cancer that keeps coming back due to an even more rare genetic mutation that keeps her body from fighting tumors. The 38-year-old mother-of-two had to have her forehead replaced by a metal plate (left), plus another two operations to remove tumors and finish her facial reconstruction, two rounds of chemo that cost her hair (right) and, now, is enrolled in a clinical trial for the handful of cancer-sufferers with her rare genetic deficiency.

A poll by Gallup-Sharecare found that there was a decline in residents' well-being in 21 states, shown in black. The lowest-ranking states were Arkansas, Louisiana and West Virginia.

NHS England statistics show 5,718 beds were closed because of norovirus or diarrhoea and vomiting in hospitals across the country last week - an average of 817 each day.

Physician Dr Rachel Carlton Abrams examines the different ways women can develop a lack of interest in sex, and recommends some ways to revive your flagging enthusiasm

Charleigh Sayor, 6, has uncombable hair syndrome, meaning her frizzy white-blonde barnet grows up and outward. Being embarrassed doesn't even occur to her: she says her hair is 'magic'

Incredible pictures of baby who had open heart surgery

Aimee Roberts, 25, from Keynsham, Somerset, was devastated when a scan just after birth showed baby Leo (left and inset) was suffering from four congenital heart problems. Both she and partner Alex Nicholls (pictured right, together), 26, were told their son would need open-heart surgery - and were told to fear the worst. And the new mother said she had 'never cried so much' as when she handed her son to the anesthetist when he was just seven days old - on the day he had been due. Miss Roberts waited anxiously for six hours as little Leo was taken into surgery.

Among commonly prescribed drugs were the painkiller codeine, anti-depressants such as Valium, and beta-blockers. Those that can be bought in chemists included the hayfever remedy Piriton.

The NHS spent £15 million a month to keep people in hospital because of a lack of social care beds, figures show, amid fears that some Alzheimer's patients could die if they are not let out at the right time.

Processed foods are driving up rates of cancer

Eating processed food significantly raises the risk of cancer, experts warned last night. They said the disease was claiming more lives because of the popularity of ready meals, sugary cereals and fizzy drinks. The products put middle-aged women in particular danger from breast cancer, according to a study in the British Medical Journal.

James 'L.B.' Bonner, from Lexington, South Carolina, weighed 642lbs (45 stone) at his heaviest after years of comfort eating, but has now dropped 326lbs (23 stone) thanks to weight loss surgery and therapy.

Babies conceived in rural areas are far more likely to die before, during or immediately after birth than those in more urban parts of the US, according to CDC's first-ever report on the disparity.

Researchers from the University of Adelaide found female sufferers who take preventer inhalers, which contain steroids, have the same pregnancy prospects as non-asthma patients.

Lead researcher Dr Ron Drapkin, an associate professor at University of Pennsylvania, says the recent findings will likely lead to advancements in prevention, detection and treatment of the disease

Australian woman with cerebral palsy marathons wheelchair

There aren't many people in the world who can say that they have completed seven marathons on seven continents in seven days but one Sydney woman has done just that. Johanna Garvin, 26, (left and right) is the first to complete the task in a wheelchair.

Scientists at the University of Illinois at Chicago have discovered that a drug effectively treats herpes in the eye and may treat all forms of the virus, offering a glimmer of hope to herpes sufferers.

Researchers tracked 40,000 parents in Canada for 11 years for the study published in The Lancet. They found men who raise children alone are twice as likely to die early than other parents.

As recent research reveals hormone imbalances can cause excess weight gain in certain areas, UK experts shared their solutions for common issues including belly fat and bingo wings.

Females and children are thought to need to put their hands in their pockets more because they have less muscle mass, which generates heat to keep the body warm, according to Cambridge scientists.

Here's what Olympic athletes eat for breakfast

Team USA shipped hundreds of pounds to Pyeongchang, South Korea, to make sure athletes have the fuel they need to win big at the 2018 Winter Olympics. Breakfast is the most important meal for these athletes because it sets their bodies up for competition at the highest level. 22 of this year's competitors including (clockwise from top snowboarder Chloe Kim, alpine skier Lindsey Vonn, pair skater Alexa Scimeca Knierim and figure skater Adam Rippon have shared their go-to meal to start the day.

Scott Gottlieb, director of the FDA, said the test could save a significant amount of money for the healthcare system. It could also save many soldiers and football players from unnecessary radiation.

Two-thirds of Britons would put off seeing a GP in case they were told they had a serious illness. Academics say this 'fear of finding out' tendency poses a considerable threat to public health.

The Cleveland Clinic team admit they were 'shocked' by the clear-cut result using the same drug as Merck's phase 3 clinical trial in humans which was called off yesterday.

The research, conducted by the University of Wolverhampton, involved putting participants through a number of thrilling experiences while wearing heart rate monitors (stock image).

Salt content revealed for M&S Valentine's Day meals

Many loving couples will choose to celebrate St Valentine's Day with a romantic meal at home tonight. Restaurants will be crowded or too expensive and the cold drizzle forecast across most of Britain offers little encouragement to venture out on a weekday evening. But there's a price to pay if you indulge in a Valentine's Day 'dine in' meal deal from one of the high street chains.

The pelvic floor muscles, which stretch from the tailbone to the pubic bone, are essential to a great sex life. Experts break down four exercises people can try to boost their sex life.

Posting under the hashtag #medicalvalentine, dozens of creative versions have been posted on Twitter. A Devon-based anaesthetist used the hashtag to make a joke around a technique used in trauma.

Conceptions are expected to be five per cent higher this week in the UK than at other times of the year. In 2015, 16,263 babies were conceived during the week of February 14, compared to the average of 15,427.

Researchers from Boston University found men who drink at least one sugary soda a day reduce their chances of fathering a child by 33 percent, while it makes women 25 per cent less likely to conceive.

If your Valentine's Day is more about the gifts you give and get than about spending time with the one you love, your relationship may be in trouble, new Brigham Young University research suggests.

Vaginal dryness is said to affect half of British women - but it's hardly ever spoken about. Gynaecologist Vanessa Mackey lists the causes of dryness, and the very simple fixes for it

Jason Tetro reveals how to flu-proof your home

Jason Tetro, a visiting professor of immunology at the University of Guelph, breaks down how bacteria festers at home and how to lower your risk of catching the flu from relatives.

Dr Tedros Adhanom, director general of the WHO, claims the next outbreak will take a 'terrible toll' on human life. He made the claim at the World Government Summit in Dubai.

Nevaeh Hernandez, 6, of North Bergen, New Jersey, died from the flu on Monday. Her father, who is in armed services and stationed in Germany, flew home after learning of her death.

Heartbroken parents blast controversial Nice decision

Ollie and Amelia Carroll, seven and four, from Poynton, Cheshire, suffer from Batten disease, meaning they are unlikely to live past the age of 12. Ollie's plight became headline news and touched the nation last year after a striking image emerged of him being cradled by Prince Harry (top right) in Hospital. And in December, his parents Lucy, 32 and Mike, 33 (pictured together left), released moving footage of his reaction to hero Ed Sheeran's (pictured together bottom right) song 'Perfect', which was the Christmas number one. The couple have now revealed they are devastated by Nice's decision to recommend cerliponase alfa should no longer be funded on the NHS. Mrs Carroll claims the drug 'showed positive signs of slowing the disease down'. It currently has no cure and scientists are desperately working to find one.

The menopause poses a number of health risks, like lower blood pressure and decreased muscle strength: But a recent study shows that women can fight these symptoms from home

Latest NHS figures reveal that the number of hospital admissions for eating disorders has doubled in the last six years, possibly due to inadequate care for sufferers outside at the community level

Liverpool mother diagnosed with pancreatic cancer

Amy Blackrock (right), of Kirkby, Liverpool, was told she had pancreatic cancer, which kills 90 per cent of patients within five years. Her 'whole world fell apart' when doctors gave her the shock news just weeks after she gave birth to Annabelle (pictured left together), her second child. She feared she wouldn't see her children grow up, and used them as motivation to spur her on in her battle against the killer disease. The journalist, now in remission following chemotherapy and two operations, has spoken of her ordeal for the first time since she was diagnosed last January. (her daughter Annabelle is pictured with her brother Jack, inset)

Merck was tipped to be a frontrunner in the global race to find a treatment for the incurable disease - and in doing so, earn billions. But Tuesday's statement suggests otherwise.

Holland & Barrett, which has 750 stores in the UK and Ireland, has announced it has seen a surge in sales since it began selling CBD oil in January.

Medics in Figueria da Foz - 87 miles (140km) south of Porto, saw two holes leaving her anus - instead of the usual one. They published the case in a journal because it is considered so rare.

Known only as Saidalavi, 46, he was diagnosed with elephantiasis as a teenager. Five doctors cut off the 30lb mass during a five-hour operation at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences in Kochi in India.

Woodstock student with schizophrenia haunted by villains

Cecilia McGough (pictured left with her boyfriend Siddharth Sharma), 23, from Woodstock, Virginia, imagines a young girl stalking and stabbing her, which she feels as excruciating pain. Ms McGough (pictured as a child, right), whose condition has led to several stays in a psychiatric ward, said: 'I refer my hallucinations to these horror movies as it's the easiest way I can describe my experiences, because I don't see anything like them in real life, only in the horror genre.'

Researchers from the University of Montreal also found very young children who spend too much time watching television are more likely to eat unhealthy food and do badly at school.

Researchers at Purdue University in Indiana found that once the threshold was reached, further increases in income tended to be associated with reduced life satisfaction (stock).

The worldwide overuse of antibiotics has has meant many germs have evolved to resist the drugs, with some dangerous strains becoming completely untreatable, an NHS study has revealed.

Skin infections are easy to avoid but surprisingly common. Dermatologist and GP Kirsty Lau gives her recommendations for how you can prevent common skin infections caught at the gym.

Foul-tasting keto drinks reduced daily blood sugar spikes in healthy people in a Canadian study, suggesting that a supplement for the high-fat low-cab diet could help diabetics.

Researchers from Exeter University believe the new drug Pimavanserin could be offered to half of the 850,000 patients with dementia in the UK.

Cystic fibrosis sufferer's first breath with new lungs

Jennifer Jones, 40, had a lung transplant at the Mayo Clinic in October after cystic fibrosis had reduced her lung function to 10 percent. The mother of two from Byron, Minnesota, didn't get diagnosed with the genetic disorder typically identified in infancy until she was almost 30. Her fiancé Robert Ronnenberg, 38, recorded a video of her breathing on her own for the first time after the surgery. Immediately after the breathing tube is taken out she appears shocked (left) but soon breaks out in a big smile (right).

A study led by Harvard's School of Public Health looked at the affect of chemicals called perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on weight regulation after weight loss.

As fertility rates decline and more couples opt to remain childless, the 'ideal' number of children people want stays above national fertility rates. But the growing gap may be a good thing, an exert says.

Model Gigi Hadid, 22, took to Twitter Sunday to say Hashimoto's disease, a thyroid condition, is responsible for her weight fluctuating over the past few years.

Lena Dunham reveals she's had a total hysterectomy

Lena Dunham has revealed she underwent a total hysterectomy to remove her uterus and cervix after enduring years of endometriosis-related pain. The actress, 31, revealed she had the procedure in the March issue of Vogue. She said her decision came after 'years of complex surgeries measuring in the double digits'. 

Transgender woman becomes first in the world to breastfeed

The 30-year-old woman, who is not identified, told Mt Sinai's Center for Transgender Medicine and Surgery that her partner was pregnant but did not wish to breastfeed, and she hoped to try instead.

Experts John de Caestecker from University Hospitals Leicester and Chartered physiotherapist Sammy Margo give their recommendations for the healthiest ways to sleep.

Experts say gene editing, which has been FDA-approved to treat cancer and blindness, could also be used to treat HIV and AIDS.

A study by the Mayo Clinic looks at the prevalence of kidney stones in more than 10,000 residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, over three decades from 1984 to 2012.

Although the notoriously hard-to-spot disease kills 14,000 a year as it is often diagnosed too late, a panel has found that routine screening would lead to too many false positives.

Following a plant-based diet can boost insulin sensitivity in fat people, found researchers at the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine in Washington DC.

Kanye West and Jay-Z blamed for rise in use of MDMA

Researchers name-checked the stars (Kanye left and French Montana right) on the back of a new study which shows hip-hop music is coaxing black listeners into using the drug. Four fifths of African American adults admitted the genre influenced their decision to try MDMA - also known as molly (inset), confirming a link that has existed for decades. University of South Florida scientists have warned of the dangers of the drug, which has the potential to kill unaware teenagers seeking a quick thrill. Fellow high-profile rappers Lil Wayne and Jay-Z were also mentioned in the study, which quizzed 100 adults.

Dr Fred Nour, a psychologist based in Mission Viejo, California, said scientists will soon develop a non-invasive procedure to accurately determine whether or not someone is truly 'in love'.

A team in Melbourne, Australia believe they have found the protein 'switch' that causes the body to pack on the pounds after a diet, and this could have implications for the worldwide obesity crisis

Losing libido is a natural thing for people suffering from overwork, tiredness, or just the hormonal changes. Nutritionist Rick Hay from Healthista reveals what supplements can help

The topic of smartphone addiction has received an increasing amount of attention in recent years as research shows that Americans check their phones 80 times per day on average.

Campaigners hit back at Donald Trump’s criticism of NHS

NHS Million, a non-profit organisation which aims to raise support for over-stretched staff, tweeted the picture of a private healthcare bill. The post (left), which attracted fierce reaction on social media, revealed a woman in the US was charged $39.35 (£28) for skin-to-skin contact with her newborn baby. 'We haven't forgotten that Donald Trump (right) had the nerve to criticise our NHS,' the tweet read. 'While women in the US can be charged $39.35 to hold their own baby.' The US president sparked a diplomatic row between the two nations earlier this month after branding the NHS 'broke and not working'.

Researchers from The Rockefeller University in New York found an antibiotic family, known as malacidins, can kill several 'superbugs' without causing any side effects in rats.

Twelve-year-old boy nearly killed by toy ball bearings

Twelve-year-old Freddie Webster (pictured in hospital, left), from Yorkshire, nearly died after a new playground craze saw him swallow ball bearings. The two pairs of tiny super-strong magnetic balls (pictured in his stomach in an x-ray, inset) slowly pulled towards each other inside him over five days, gradually ripping a hole in the wall of his stomach. His mother Sarah Webster (pictured together, right) is now warning parents of the dangers and Freddie's school has banned them.

Cheap drugs that are often used to treat rheumatic conditions like arthritis may also be halve the change of developing against dementia, researchers have shown in a recent study

Doctors are doling out opioids such as tramadol and oxycodone in huge numbers, driving an escalating crisis in addiction to prescription drugs.

One of Britain's oldest nurses fears a privatised NHS

Aileen Coomber (right), of Worthing, West Sussex, who became a nursing cadet in July 1951, registered as a nurse in January 1976 and has seen many changes throughout her career, and has no plans to retire, despite being 81. Just 11 when the NHS was established on 5 July, 1948, what worries her the most is the threat of privatisation. Aileen, who was named the Royal College of Nursing Institute bank nurse of the year in 2017, said: 'I feel quite sad that the NHS is being increasingly privatized. Private companies want to make a profit. Ill health should never be about profit making.' (pictured left while training in 1951)

Researchers from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel found that among those over 65 suffering discomfort, 93.7 per cent report improvement after six months of taking cannabis.

Motor neuron disease tears through Welsh family

A family in Wales have lost five members of their family to motor neurone disease. However, Mandy Duguid (top-left) is determined to aid in funding for research into the disease. Mandy says however that she still fears what the disease, caused by a faulty gene, may do the family in following generations. Pictured, top, left-to-right: Mandy Duguid, Robert Abberley (deceased), William Evans (deceased); bottom, left-to-right:Joyce Evans (deceased), John Evans, Rose Abberley (deceased)

Eight percent of all Americans suffer depression, and women are twice as likely to struggle with the mood disorder as are men, according to new data released by the CDC.

Doctors are being urged not to comfort patients with a hug in case they complain. They are being warned to 'err on the side of caution' as a well-meaning embrace 'could easily be misinterpreted'.

Teenager dies from meningitis despite not having rash

Lewis Hilton (pictured), 19, from Greetland, near Huddersfield, was killed by meningitis W - a deadly strain that he wasn't protected against. It claimed his life within 72 hours of his first flu-like symptoms, which prompted his concerned father, Morley, to send him home from work. But by the time the rugby player arrived in A&E; the next day, following a phone call to NHS 111, he was unable to walk by himself or talk. Doctors did 'everything they could' to try and save his life, but it overwhelmed his body. He passed away on January 28 at Huddersfield Royal Infirmary. Mr Hilton, who started playing rugby at the age of six, had been vaccinated against four other strains of meningitis in September.

A nervous system that was dissected in 1925 and kept intact is on display at a museum in Missouri. It is one of only four in the world that has been kept in one piece upon dissection.

The study, led by Professors Sue Kimber and Adrian Woolf from The University of Manchester, signifies a significant milestone in the development of treatment for kidney disease.

Woman found to have first case of eye worms in humans

Abbey Beckley, now 28, (pictured) was working on a commercial fishing boat in Alaska in the summer of 2016 when she felt something behind her eyelid two weeks into the trip. When she got to shore five days later, she tried to dig out what she assumed to be an eyelash, but discovered inflamed skin and a wriggling worm. Confused, she went to an eye doctor, who pulled out four more worms - but had no idea what it was. Eventually, she was transferred to an eye specialist in Portland, who sent off samples to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, concluding that she had contracted Thelazia gulosa (pictured, inset), a parasite never seen in humans that is spread by flies that feed on eyeball lubrication.

Beauty supplements that promise younger, firmer, glowing skin may be a waste of money, a study claims. British Nutrition Foundation researchers say a balanced diet is more important.

Married couples have lower rates of disease than singletons in later life. But it can be disastrous if you're not ready. Psychologist Dr Jen Nash helps you work out if you're ready.

Researchers at Ulster University in Northern Ireland found smiling could boost athletic performance by helping participants relax and reduce muscle tension.

APD is essentially a problem with how the brain interprets sound. It may explain why some people struggle to hear speech in a noisy restaurant and could even be why your spouse 'ignores' you.

George Lockley is being slowly crippled by SMA

George Lockley (pictured left), from Hertfordshire, suffers from Spinal Muscular Atrophy - yet doctors believe the way UK medicines are approved could see him miss out on treatment. Here, his parents, Liz and James, tell his story - and how they've all struggled as a family.

Experts at Cambridge University and the University of East Anglia have called for research into cold-water therapy as a treatment for serious pain, in light of the sea curing debilitating pain.

Veganism, or plant-based eating, is the fastest-growing lifestyle trend in the UK. But what's it like to ditch meaty meals for plant-based eating? Here, journalist Leah Hardy reveals all.

Our fingerprints, the tiny ridges and troughs in the skin, are unique. And, according to experts, they are an outward marker of our inner health issues - even those that haven't manifested yet.

Freezing weather and stuffy central heating leaves our skin much drier in the winter, exacerbating conditions such as eczema, dandruff and dry eyes.These are the most popular products, rated.

Politician Angela Burns suffered an alarming - and near-fatal - sepsis experience. Here, the 60-year-old tells her devastating story and urges others to be alert.

The veteran singer/songwriter exercises every day to remain in good health, but still likes a regular tipple, too. He also believes sex is important for well-being.

The Daily Mail's resident GP answers your queries on everything and anything. This week, leaky heart valves and dis-coloured tongues.

While physiotherapy and hand exercises can help, researchers say the new device, TheraBracelet, could help speed up recovery for stroke patients.

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