The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/all/20040704211124/http://www.yudhara.com:80/_vti/indonesia_bali_lombok_232.htm
     

Advantages
Music of Kebyar
Commoners
Temporal Perspectives

Village Fields
Knowledge
Magnificent
Betutu
Evidences
Tropical
Mahendradatta
Music of Kebyar
Administrative

 
Story of Bali, Indonesia

Continued...

the burden of duties which lie had imposed on me I exist only before him, and all the good 1 enjoy descends from my raja, whose slave and property I am.

With this unlikely confessional, stylistically psalmlike, the rajas are defamed as external oppressors of the native Balinese bevolking. Yet, prior to his concluding crescendo of excerptable slogans to justify any future occupation of Bali, Van den Broek offers a convincing general description of the state administration which stresses riot helpless victimage but the limits of the raja's power.The scattered account of the state administration commences characteristically with a sweeping generalization, soon belied by Van den Broek's own data:
The manner of government is absolutely despotic or arbitrary; the raja (vorst) decides all affairs, whether criminal or civil, although for external matters he is assisted by a council of important chiefs and by a priest. In affairs of state he consults with the lesser Gusti,s usually his brothers, half-brothers, or cousins.

He captures some of the flavor of repeated court models down through the administrative apparatus without ever clearly distinguishing 'Maha raja' (that is, the Dewa of Klungkung) from rajas of the other kingdoms, from their politically powerful kin, from village-area notables, from administrative aides to the courts (Perbekels), and so on:
The small subordinate rajas (vorstjes) in their own dominions are as arbitrary despots as the higher rajas (Hoofdvorsten), and assume no further responsibility to the latter than to lead the chief warriors when asked.
Lesser lords had to deliver materials or produce from lands to support building projects:

These lesser rajas are usually brothers, uncles, or other near relatives of the upper raja. In the capital city court center itself there are always as well some of the rajas kinsmen who have a certain number of people immediately under them and at their disposal , Such people are independently governed without the interference of the upper raja.
In the conquered lands, as was the case in Jembrana, these rajas are taxable (cijns baar) and must deliver a portion of income to their superior raja. The lesser Gustis, such as the cousins of the raja, make up most of the latter, and occupy one or another position at court

Some of them are chiefs (Hoofden) of sections and have a specific number of neighborhoods (Kampongs) under their management, where they are concerned with the raja's policy and collection of his income, These same functions are also filled by chiefs who are not of royal descent, and these bear the title Perbukkel.
Van den Brock does not sort out all these functionaries. He recoanizes that direct control of local areas by rajas is highly variable. For the peripheral kingdoms of Jembrana and Buleleng, he lists courtly replicas down the status gradations front Hoofdvorsten (whoever they may be) to voorsten, to voorstjes (Gustis), to Hoof den - cacti official boasting an assorted entourage.


Manpower
Ritual responses
Individuals
Structuralist
Systematically
Sudra Groups
Conceptual
Royal Blood
Cultural argument
Essential Dramatic
Bali providing
Brahmana Traditions
God Guru
Generalizations
Raffles
Chandala
Guided
Van Den Broek
Polygamy
Confessional
The Revenues
Champions
Romance
Authority
European
Temporal Perspectives
Administrator
Sociological
Calculations
Ownership
 

For more Bali hotels Bali activities information and reservation

Bali hotels in Bali hotel Bali accommodation Travel | bali hotels | Bali Golf Bali Spa Bali Diving Bali Rafting

in Bali we must point out a very important distinction which the Balinese make between two clearly separate groups of ancestors. The first of these groups consists of the dead who are riot yet completely purified. This group is in turn subdivided in pirata, those riot yet cremated, and pitara, those already cremated. The former are still completely impure; the latter have been purified, but are still considered as distinct, individual souls. The second group consists of the completely purified ancestors who are considered as divine.
No contact is sought with the pirata, the dead who have not yet been cremated. Oil the contrary they are dangerous, Offerings must however be made for the redemption of their souls.

Everything Bali Indonesia