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The emaus monastery and its church consecrated to Cosma a Damian create one of the dominants of the rivers bak. The monastery was founded in the middle of the 14th cent. by Charles IV. for the Croatian Benedictines. The founding of the monastery was expresion of the royal political interests and was connected with the papal privilege renewing the Slavonic liturgi in Bohemia.The monastery aws intended to help secure the realization of Charles IV\'s political aims in South and in East Europe. The Croatian Benedictines settled by the older Church of Cosma and damian and built the monastery consecrated to Our Lady and Slavonic patron saints here.The work was completed in 1372 and the Church was consecrated on Easter Monday on 29.3.1372. As the evangelium about Christ\'sencounter with disciples on his way to Emmaus is read on this holiday, the other name of the monastery, Emmaus, also took root after a time. The monastery of Emmaus was an important cultural centre-for example two editions of the Czech translation of the Bible and the Glagolic part of the Rheims book of gospels originated here. The original cloister monastery has been preserved together with its wallpaintings of the second half of the 14th cent., which rank among the most valuable samples of Gothic wall painting in Bohemia. The paintings have the form of a cycle of scenes from the Old and the new testament. In the Church we can also find the remainders of the Giothic stone sculptures having been preserved similary as the several of the Emmaus Gothic panel paintings, which are now housed in a National Prague Gallery at the Prague castle. During the Hussite revolution the monastery supported the hussite programme and the Hussite religious order was instituted here. In the 1635 the Emmaus monastery fell under the control of the Spanish Benedictines from Monserrat and in the half of the 18th the whole monastery precinct was strikingly Barocized-the roof of the church was rebuilt, fasades were newly modified and two prismatic towers with domes were built-on the western fasade of the Church. The monastery buildings and the Church were havily demaged during an air raid on 14 Februar 1945. In the post-war period the monastery was restored and on the western fasade two new spires, the work of F.M.Černý,increased. Today the institutes of the Czech Academy of Sciances are housed in the arel of the monastery, which has benn proclamed a national cultural monument.

this toen hall was mentioned for the first time in 1377, even that time it had two two-stored wings, preserved in their material to the present. the wing facing the Charles Sguare housed representative interiors for the municipal comunity, the second wing was used for offices and prison In the priod of covering years the Town hall underwert extensive reconstruction.The gothic entrance hall on the Ground floor of the wing looking out of the square, converted Wedding Hall in the 60\'s of the 20th cent, which has been preserved from that time. The Town Hall was rebuilt twice in the Renaissance period: 1520-1526 and again in 1559 after the occurrence of the fire..Its architectural development came to an end at that point-a four-winged building with an arcaded courtyard originated. Until 1784 the New Town Hall was a seat of the municipal administration of the New town. After the connecting of all four towns of Prague to form one autonomous whole a criminal court and a prison were located here. Because of the needs of the court the New Town Hall was rebuilt in Empire style in the first decade of the 19th centery after the plans by K.Schmidt. Its fasade to the Vodičkova Street has been preserved to the present and ears the memorieal tablet reclaiming the fact that the participans of the Revolution in 1848, members of the progressive youth society called Omladina of 1983 and pioneers of workers' movement were imprisoned here. The wing with Renaissance gables facing to the sguare was reconstructed at the beggining of the 19th century by A.Wiehl and K.Hilbert.Nowadays the New Town Hall served as the seat of municipal administration, as cultural and social centre and as wedding hall too. The New Town hall was also the place of first Prague defenestration in 1419, in the pariod of Hussite revolution, and due its historical significant and due its architectonic and urban value the New town Hall has been proclamed as a national cultural monument.

This Church completed with the monastery of the Carmelite order was founded in 1347 by CHarles IV. on the site called On the Sanyd in the connection of his royal coronation. The church has a conception of a triple-naved hall and was to have been over one hundred metres long, so that it would have reached as far as the present Jungmann Sguare is. he original aim was never fullfiled. The construction of the rpesent church started in 1379 and the hight presbytery was built. the construction of the church has been interrupted by the Hussite Revolution. In the period if the existence if this revolution the CHurch Our Lady of the Snow was an significant ideologic centre of the Radical hussite wing., And also its main speaker , Jan želivský preached here for some time and is in the Church of Our Lady the Snows buried. . And it was also here when on 30.7.1419 the procession which made its way to the New Towns Hall ended with the defenestration set out. In the 16th centrury the church fellt into decay and in 1603 it became a propperty of Frantiscans, who renewed the building in the Renaissance style and the monumental net vault date sfrom that time. The present CHurch of Our LAdy of the Snows is thus just the presbytery of the unrealized plans of the large triple-naved church. In spite of that, this church is the beggist church building in the Prague-the nave reaches to a hight of 33 metres.At the end of the 18th century the church was rebuilt in the Neo-Classical style, thus giving rise to thepresent courtyard of the church. In the courtyard in front of the entrance stands the statue of St. John of Nepomuk. The main altar of the church bears a painting of the Annunciation of Our Lady by V.V.Reiner. The former monastery adjoins the south side of the church. The original building of the Carmelitan monastery date in the mid-14th cent. In the 16th century the monastery was left ih the state of desolation and the reconstruction of the 17th century gave it its present appearance. Numerous Gothic remainder are preserved in the building-the gothic cellar with a ortal has been converted into a wine tavern called At the Franciscans, accessible from the garden. The monastery garden, which is situated next to the garden, was newly laid out in 1950, forming the place for rest.

Near the Charles Square stands this original Romanesque Church of St. Wemceslas, built at the end of the 12th cent. as a parish church of a community Na Zderaze, which has already existed before the oen founding oh the New Town. Remainders of the tower and the nave of this original Romanesque building have been preserved in the westen fasade of this present Gothic church. The Church was rebuilt in a bothic style at the end of the 14th cent during the reign of the king Wenceslas IV. In the Interior there are remainders of the Early Gothic wall-paintings depicting the scenes from the life of St.Wenceslas. In the 17th cent., when the church belonged to the neighbouring mmonastery of the Barefooted Augustians, the Early Baroque choir was built together wth the decoration of Early Baroque stucco. In the first half of the 20th cent. the church was re-gothized. Since 1928 the Church of St. Wenceslaa served the HUssite church. Its modern furniture include also a remarkable altar with a cricifix by F.Bílek.. The site lying west to the CHurch-today there are blocks of houses, was formerly occupied by a small castle of King Wenceslas IV, which was built here before 1400. In 1620 the Augustinians gained possesion of the castle and converted it into a monastery,wich was abolished in 1785. Near the Church were also so-called the St.Wenceslas Bath, the scene of the meeting people of Prague convened by the Repeal society of radical democrats in the year 1848. This Gathering, hekd on 11 March 1848 was the beginning of the revolutionary movement. The building of the bath was demolished inn the late 19th cent.

The CHurch of St.Henry, built in the Gothic style, was foundedafter 1350 next to the Hay Market as the parish church of the lower part of the New Town. It construction, including the prismatic tower in its south-west corner, was completed in the early 15th cent. Its Renaissance vestibul was added in 1526. The Church was Re-Gothicized aftera plan by J.Mocker in the first half of the 19th cent. On its outer walls there are numerous tombstones from the abolished cemetery which once surrounded the church. Standing in front of the entrance are statues of St. John of Nepomuk, probably from M.J.Workshop, and st. Judas of Thaddeus by an unknown sculptor. the interior of the church is vaulted with a ribbed cross vault. On the hight altar there's a pinting of St. Henry by J.J.Heintsch and the statues of St.Adalbert and Wenceslas by J.J.Bendl of the mid-17th cent. Adjoining the right side nave is the Barogue Chapel of the Grievous Virgin Mary, where we can find two paintings by V.V.Reiner. In one of the side naves is also an Baroque altar painting by K.Škréta. The belfry stands apart on an open space on the other side of Jindřišská Steer, Late Gothic in style, it dates to the end of the 15th cent and was Re-Gothicized by J. Mocker at the end of the 19th cent. St. Henry's school has preserved Renaissance portal of the end of the 16th century.

The Church Oo St.Apollinaire was found by Charles IV. in the mid-14th cent. It is a one-nave Gothic building with one spire and large chancel decorated with the Neo-Gothic windows designed after plan of J.MOcker in 1895. The original wall paintings from the 14th cent were founded in the interior of the church. In it's sacristi there are four busts of the Czech patron saints by F.I.Platzer.

This synagogue cuold be considered as one of the first Early Gothic structures in the Prague. Its oldest core is from the mid-13th cent. but on the last guarter of the 13th cent. a double-sided hall was built-on to it and in this form the synagogue survive till nowadays. The synagogue was probably built by Cistercian built workshop.Inside the synagogue we can see the originaly entrance portal with tympanon which is richly decorated with a relief of vine leaves and grapes and mentioned the Jewish roofs. The basic symbol, which appears throughout the whole conception of the building and its decoration as well is the number of 12-as it represents the 12 tribes of Izael. Inside-In the center hall of the synagogue is a Gothic iron grille from the late 15th century and Gothic are also the brick gables of the building ,which create so typical feature of the synagogue and date in the latter half of the 15th century. In 1883 tha building was unsuitably reconstructed by J. Mocker and as the result of thi sreconstruction the original fresoes were covared up and the remainders were discoved till in the half of the 20th century. The Old-New synagogue is now a part of property of State Jewish museum. We can also take a note of a Statue of Moses by F. bílek which stands in a small park nearby the synagogue.

This synagugue was founded on the southern border of the old jewish cemetery in 1479by Rabbi pinkas and was built in a Late Gothic style. Its southern wing and the women's gallery were added in the 17th century. The restored synagogue, today with Renaissance portal, is now a memorial to the executed and tortured Jews from Bohemia and Moravia who died in the concentration camps during the Second World War. Their names (more than 77 000 names) are inscribed on the walls of the synagogue.

On the one bank of the small chanel called Čertovka(Devils river) is situated the Church of our Lady below the chains, the original centre of the fortofied monastery formation of the Order of Johannites situated on a strategically significant place on the bridgehead of the Judith Bridge. The monastery was found by the Czech king Vladislav II. in 1169 as the first johannite monastery in Bohemia. The King gave surrounding labd to the Order of Maltese Knights and it was not so much lnger when more than 50 burger's houses sprang up here, forming the so-called Maltese jurisdiction, i.e. an authonomy uotside the sphere of authorityof the Lesser Town community. The original triple-naved building dates to the mid-12th cent and we can suspect that was larger than the present building. Remains of that original church has been preserved in the present courtyard of the church( the ol arcads on the wall). The cross vault of the torso of the mansory are the remainders of the transverse nave of the Romanesque basilica. In the mid-12th cent.the Church was enlarged in connection with a new, Early Gothic sacristy on the sides of the original Romanesque appses. In the mid-14th cent the Romanesque basilica was demolished and replacen with the Gothic one, but it accquired it present appearance as the result ofthe BAroque reconstruction from K. lurrago in the first half of the 17th cent. In the interior there's a wooden late Gothic statue of MAdonna. The hight altar painting showing Our LAdy and St. John the Baptist as helpers of the MAlteseknights in their triumphant victory in the battle against Turks is a work of K.Škréta.. Situated in the main anve is also the marble statue of Grand Prior Rudolf-Collorado Walse, who was responsible for the reconstruction of the monastery and the church in the 17th cent, the statue is a work af E.Max and dates to the mid-20th cent. The Church of Our Lady Below Chains and the monastery are not open to the public.

The designation The Old Royal Palace indicate the complex of building closing the east side of the Third Castle Courtyard. The original court of princes from the 9th century was in the 11th cent replaced by the Romanesque palace which was later on rebuilt with the connection of building the Prague fortification.New, fundamental modifications were carried uot during the reign of the King Charles IV. in the 14th cent. when a large Gothic hall was built on the site of present Vlafidlav hall. The last important building activity was realized by B. Ried at the end of the 15th cent. The Palace served as the saet of the Czech kings until the 16th cent., and later on-up to the 18th cent. it housed the central offices of the Czech State. From the late 18th cent. and during the whole 19th cent. the palace was used only occasionaly and after a reconstruction in the 50\'s of the 20th cent. are its gothic and romanesque interior accesible to the public. After entering the Place we can look throught the Antechaber( the Small hall) and next the Green Chamber, where the Charles IV. presided over minor court sessions. On the walls there are the coats-of-arms of the associate judges of the Court of teh 18th cent. and on the ceiling we can see a Baroque fresco. Beyond this room, opn the left , there are two Late Gothic Interiors-the firts one is so-called Vladislav Bedchamber(and has a polychromed vault) and the second room was used to house the archives of the land rolls and is decorated with the coat-of -arms of the supreme valets. Going throught this ranges we can finally entrance the Vladislav Hall. This hall, built by B. Ried at the end of the 15th cent., is 62m long, 16m wide and 13m hight and it takes up the whole area of the 2nd floor of the Old Palace. the Vladislav Hall has a remarkable rounded rib vault. From the Hall acces can be gained the choir, making entry to the interior of the All Saints Chapel. The Vladislav hall served as a place for coronation banguets, assemblies and knightly tournaments. Since 1934 it has been the scene of the elections of the Presidents and since 1945 also of important state assemblies. In the right corner of the hall is an entranceto the Ludvík Wing, where the chambers of the Czech Chancellery were situated. It the 23th May 1618 when the representantatives of the rebeling estates threw the govarnors J.B.Martinic and V.Slavata together with their secretary fabricius from the east window of the rear chamber-this defenestration meant the beginning of the uprising the Estates and The Thirty Year's war. From the antechamber of the Czech Cancellery a spiral staircase leads to the hall of Imperial Court Council, where are the portraits of the members of Habsburk dynasty on the walls. In the areal of The old Royal palace is also situated the Diet Hall, the place where the Provincial Court and the Provincial Diets assembled and the room of the New Land Rolls which serves for the storing of the quatern of the Land Rolls-added in 1737 is the room of the Crown archives. These archives , representing a collection of the most important documents of the kingdom were originaly housed in the Karlštejn Castle. By the leaving the Old Royal Palacewe can choose the way of the Rider's staircase, which has a Late Gothic vault and wide sloping steps for the horses of the knights entering the Vladislav Hall in order to take a part in tournaments and which leads to the third Castle courtyard. The Royal Palace has a Romanesque underground- here we can find an original hall, the all of Old Land Rolls, so-called Charles Hall or the Old registration office from where leads the acces to the hall of Columns.