The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/all/20050313025251/http://www.wto.org:80/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/whatis_e.htm
Click here to return to homepage
../../../175pxls.gif (78 bytes)
 ON THIS PAGE:   Introducing the WTO    Fact file    Caution: the fine print

home > the wto > what is the wto?

Information about the organization

What is the WTO?

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business.

150pxls.gif (76 bytes)


The WTO in Brief
A starting point for essential information about the WTO.
> Browse html version online
> Download in pdf format (8 pages, 658 KB)
  

About the WTO — ‘Understanding the WTO’
An introduction, in more depth, to the WTO and its agreements.

Browse
> Browse html version online

Download whole document
Download in Word format (115 pages; 827KB)
Download in pdf format (116 pages; 4441KB)

Download by chapter (pdf format):
Chapter 1: Basics (23 pages; 1004KB)
Chapter 2: The Agreements (32 pages; 506KB)
Chapter 3: Settling disputes (8 pages; 1420KB)
Chapter 4: Cross-cutting and new issues (14 pages; 271KB)
Chapter 5: The Doha Agenda (16 pages; 467KB)
Chapter 6: Developing Countries (8 pages; 442KB)
Chapter 7: The Organization (15 pages; 864KB)

  

10 benefits of the WTO trading system
From the money in our pockets and the goods and services that we use, to a more peaceful world — the WTO and the trading system offer a range of benefits, some well-known, others not so obvious.
> Browse html version online
> Download in pdf format (18 pages, 1034 KB)
  

10 common misunderstandings about the WTO
Is it a dictatorial tool of the rich and powerful? Does it destroy jobs? Does it ignore the concerns of health, the environment and development?
Emphatically no. Criticisms of the WTO are often based on fundamental misunderstandings of the way the WTO works.
> Browse html version online
> Download in pdf format (14 pages, 911 KB)
  

The WTO — a training package
A more detailed and technical explanation of the WTO in the form of an interactive training package.
  

Videos
> From GATT to WTO
> To the heart of the WTO
> Basic principles of the WTO system 
> Why is it important to liberalize ?
> A virtual tour of the WTO
  
  

WTO/CPA booklet for MPs
The WTO and Commonwealth Parliamentary Association have published a new booklet on the multilateral trading system, based on regional workshops for African and Caribbean Parliamentarians held in Cape Town and Port-of-Spain in 2003.
> Download (pdf format, 36 pages, 1.4MB)

  


A word of caution: the fine print 

While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the texts in this introductory section, they cannot be taken as an official legal interpretation of the agreements. 

In addition, some simplifications are used in order to keep the text simple and clear. In particular, the words “country” and “nation” are frequently used to describe WTO members, whereas a few members are officially “customs territories”, and not necessarily countries in the usual sense of the word (see list of members). The same applies when participants in trade negotiations are called “countries” or “nations”. 

Where there is little risk of misunderstanding, the word “member” is dropped from “member countries (nations, governments)”, for example in the descriptions of the WTO agreements. Naturally, the agreements and commitments do not apply to non-members. 

In some parts of the text, GATT is described as an “international organization”. The phrase reflects GATT's de facto role before the WTO was created, and it is used simplistically here to help readers understand that role. As the text points out, this role was always ad hoc, without a proper legal foundation. International law did not recognize GATT as an organization. For simplicity, the text also uses the term “GATT members”. Officially, GATT signatories were “contracting parties”.

WATCH THIS SPACE ...
  FACT FILE
Location: Geneva, Switzerland
Established: 1 January 1995
Created by: Uruguay Round negotiations (1986-94)  
Membership: 148 countries (on 13 October 2004)
Budget: 162 million Swiss francs for 2004
Secretariat staff: 600
Head: Supachai Panitchpakdi (director-general)

Functions:
• Administering WTO trade agreements
• Forum for trade negotiations
• Handling trade disputes
• Monitoring national trade policies
• Technical assistance and training for developing countries
• Cooperation with other international organizations 

WATCH THIS SPACE ...

contact us : World Trade Organization, rue de Lausanne 154, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland