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2005 year of big steel in Washington state
This year's winter run will go down in the steelhead mythology of the western portion of the Evergreen State as the best in recent memory

SEATTLE — It was two months too early for Mother Nature to be playing an April Fools joke, but Eli Rico was still a little suspicious about what he was witnessing.

Steelhead
Seattle area guide Eli Rico side-drifted a small cluster of eggs scented with Pautzke Gel Krill to attract this 30-pound Skykomish River buck.


A full-time guide who routinely fishes the tumbling, steelhead-rich boulder gardens of western Washington's Olympic Peninsula — regarded by many as a metalhead mecca in the Lower 48 — Rico has caught his share of slab-sided winter runs.

But after setting the hook and handing the rod off to a client in early February on the Skykomish River near Seattle, Rico did a double take when he got his first look at the specimen on the other end of the line: a massive, wild buck that would eventually stretch the measuring tape to 41¾ inches and an incredible 23¾ inches in girth.

Washington regulations strictly limit the handling of wild steelhead, so Rico's fish was never officially weighed. But three time-tested formulas for estimating steelhead weights put Rico's hawg between 29.4 and 31.32 pounds.

That bruiser, the first 30-plus-pound winter steelhead taken on the Skykomish in well over a decade, kicked off a month of some of the biggest winter runs in recent history in the Evergreen State, including:

  • A 44-by-24½-inch (33.0 to 35.2 pounds) hatchery fish — an almost unheard-of extreme for a hatchery steelhead — caught within a day of Rico's, on the Olympic Peninsula's Quinault River.
  • A bookend pair of 35- and 36-pounders, hooked and released within three days of each other in early March on the Skagit River system north of Seattle.
  • A 32-pounder that one longtime Olympic Peninsula guide referred to as an "alligator."
  • A trio of 30-plus-pound fish (including one 38-pounder) caught in tribal nets on three separate Peninsula systems.

    In addition, dozens of 20- to 25-pounders have come to the bank this year on multiple rivers west of the Cascades. From the Kalama River in southwest Washington to the Green River, which flows right through suburban Seattle, to the tiny Nooksack River near the Canadian border, 2005 appears to be the year of big steel.

    Thin water, thick steelhead


    As western Washington suffered through one of the driest springs in recent memory, Rico and the rest of the state's trophy steelhead hunters were forced to stretch their imaginations and gear around summer-clear, ultra-low rivers during the March and April late-season fisheries.

    But those driftboat-bottom-scraping, god-awful challenging late-winter conditions notwithstanding, the big fish continued to come.

    "I had the best winter run for native on the Skykomish I've ever had," says Rico. "On my 20 trips out there, we maybe had two days where we didn't get natives, most of those 15- to 18-pound fish. This was by far the best year for potential 20-pound fish in this area in several years."

    A certain shady mystique weaves itself through the fabric of Pacific Northwest steelhead legend. In a time when strict regulations (and smart conservation) limit the harvest of wild fish in most streams in Washington, Oregon and British Columbia, certified scales are the bane of the region's wild fish hunters.

    In Washington, state regulations frown upon wild fish even being removed from the water, so even fish-friendly Bogagrips are out of the question.

    So, lacking the opportunity to put a fish on a scale, when is a 30-pound fish really a 30-pound fish and not the exaggerated product of angler fantasy?

    The answer: When it measures 43 inches in length and 23 inches in girth at the dorsal fin, according to Sturdy's Formula, one of three basic formulas used throughout the Pacific Northwest to estimate the live weight of steelhead.

    Granted, it's virtually impossible to perfectly match a certified scale with formulas and tape measures. But all three formulas have proven to be quite accurate estimators of steelhead.

    Here are the three formulas:

  • Basic formula (used by the IGFA for most salmonids): Length times girth squared divided by 800.
  • Sturdy's Formula (developed on British Columbia's Dean River): Length times girth squared times 0.00133
  • Skeena/Kispiox Formula (developed on British Columbia's Skeena River system, to estimate the weight of especially girthy fish): Length times girth squared divided by 775.

    Using these formulas, the fish caught by Eli Rico measuring 41¾ by 23¾ was 29.4 pounds, according to the IGFA formula, 30.38 pounds on the Skeena formula (which is generally thought to be the most accurate for steelhead) and 31.32 pounds using Sturdy's Formula.

  • "A steelhead in the 30-pound bracket is going to be 5 or 6 years old, which puts us back to the parent year 2000," Nelson said.

    "In 2001, we had epic fish returns, which was indicative of good ocean conditions. Those juvenile steelhead that make up this year's class were already out in the ocean, so they were able to feed and grow quickly during the first year of their lives.

    "The whole program when you're a juvenile is to get as big as you can as fast as you can, so you can't fit in other fish's mouths. We also had excellent river conditions that year, so these fish experienced increased survival and advanced growth, and we're seeing it now."

    The fact that Rico's big fish, the pair of 35-pound Skagit monsters and the great majority of the sport-caught 20-plus-pounders were quickly photographed and released to remain in the active gene pool also will be a contributing factor in future fisheries.

    "We're reaping the benefits of catch and release," Nelson said. "It's allowing us an all-around better survival on these big natives, which is crucial to the continuation of the gene pool."

    And regardless of how the season's final days play out, the winter run of 2005 will go down in western Washington steelhead mythology as the best in recent memory.

    "We lacked some components of the hatchery runs, but what we lacked in quantity, we more than made up for in quality. I firmly believe that steelhead run in cycles, and I doubt we'll see a similar peak of 30-plus-pounders for several years."

    For more Washington steelheading information, Hot Shot Guide Service at 425-417-0394  

    Joel Shangle co-hosts "Northwest Wild Country Outdoor Radio" in Seattle. The show KJR-AM can be heard live nationwide from 6 to 8 a.m. Pacific every Saturday on kjram.com.

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