Arlo Looking Cloud Trial Outline
by Paul DeMain
NFIC

[Today is 2/3/04. It is now 4:40 est.]

The dates December 10-11-12, 1975 are approximate dates based on statements from those who saw Annie Mae during this period in various places. From the passage of time, occasional narratives and transcripts obtained by News From Indian Country have varied by a few days.

The opening of Arlo Looking Cloud's trial on February 3rd, 2004 appears to be the first of several trials that will be conducted over the course of the next two years. The first indictments against Arlo Looking Cloud and John Graham are directed at those who were allegedly directly involved in her execution. The next likely person to be indicted in the case is Theda Nelson-Clark who drove John Graham and Arlo Looking Cloud from Denver, Colorado on December 10, 1975 to Rapid City and offices of the Wounded Knee Legal Defense/Offense Committee on December 11, and overseen by Attorney Bruce Ellison, to Bill Means house the morning of December 12, and then to Wanbli where she was executed.

The following timeline is an updated version. It was created and posted online first in 1997 and last updated on January 28, 2004. It represents a perspective of what the trial might look like with an updated timeline from the NFIC archives on the case.

Watch for Federal Prosecutors and Witnesses against Arlo Looking Cloud to establish the following during the trial:

1. After the June 26, 1975 shoot-out at Jumping Bull Compound, Leonard Peltier, who had previously interrogated Annie Mae Pictou-Aquash about being an informant in early June of 1975, continued to believe that she might be working for the FBI in some capacity. During his time underground, Peltier bragged to several other AIM members that he had killed the agents, re-enacting the final moments as they pled for their lives. One of those he bragged too, was Annie Mae Pictou-Aquash, who was once again, shortly thereafter confronted by Peltier about being a possible "Pig."

2. Federal authorities should attempt to establish through witnesses that one of the motives that compelled leadership members of AIM, convinced in December 1975, that Annie Mae may be an informant, was her knowledge about Peltier shooting the agents. An additional motive that leadership members of AIM, (Clyde and Vernon Bellecourt, Dennis Banks, David Mr. X Hill, Ted and Bill Means, Madonna Gilbert and Lorelie DeCory) may have been a concern that Annie Mae had information about the 1973 death of civil rights worker Ray Robinson, Jr. inside Wounded Knee during its occupation by AIM.

3. Federal authorities should attempt to establish that once Annie Mae was threatened with death in Denver, Colorado that any decisions she made, as described by witnesses, as "volunteering" to go to Rapid City, South Dakota were made under duress and for survival reasons.

4. Federal authorities should attempt to establish that Arlo Looking Cloud was with Annie Mae during periods from Denver, Colorado to her death site, and that it was clear that her life was in danger, and that other individuals within AIM had threatened to have her killed.

5. Considering statements by Looking Cloud's attorney, that Looking Cloud has admitted being at the site of Annie Mae's execution, prosecutors will attempt to show that statements Looking Cloud has made to others, including alleged statements about possessing the gun, before he handed it to John Graham, that Looking Cloud knew that Annie Mae was going to be killed.

6. Watch for Associated Press, New York Times and other updates here starting Sunday, Feb. 1.

There will also be daily press feeds from the trial including breaking news that KaMook Nicols (Dennis Banks' former wife and niece of Buddy LaMont, decorated Lakota Vietnam Veteran killed in Wounded Knee in 1973) has been subpeoned as a federal prosecution witness against Looking Cloud. Several other prominent AIM members from the 1970s are also expected to testify against him.


June 26, 1975: Joe Stuntz is killed by a law enforcement officer. FBI agents Jack Coler, and Ron Williams are shot from a distance, wounded and then executed at close range for which Peltier is later convicted.

June 27, 1975: Jean Day, Theda Nelson Clark, John Boy Patton-Graham and Annie Mae return to Oglala.

July 7, 1975: Search warrant is served on 1014 Milwaukee Street and several hundred pieces of evidence is seized in conjunction with RESMURS FBI agent shooting case and bombing of Mt. Rushmore. Charges of possession of a firearm with obliterated serial number, unlawful possession of firearms and transportation of firearms are filed against Harry David (Mr. X) Hill.

July 18, 1975: Vernon Bellecourt appears with FBI informer, Bernie Morning Gun in Helena, MT and gives other informers an unconditional amnesty for 30 days, or AIM will take things into their own hands.

First week of August, 1975: Sun Dance at Crow Dog's Paradise: Leonard Crow Dog allegedly confronts Annie Mae about being an informant.

September 5, 1975: FBI raid at Al and Diane Running's (Crow Dog's sister) and Crow Dog's Paradise: Arrest of Annie Mae and Dino Butler and many others. Robideau had left the day before with Ka-Mook Banks and her sister Bernie Nichols. Annie Mae interrogated by FBI, bonds out of jail after 2 or 3 days.

September 8, 1975: Annie Mae bonds out of jail after appearing before a U.S. magistrate on 10% of a $5,000 bond.

September 12, 1975: Annie Mae, Nilak Butler and Norman Brown leave Rapid City for Denver, with John Stewart driving. They board plane next day to go to California.

September 13, 1975: FBI picks up Annie Mae and Nilak Butler getting off plane in Los Angeles, questioned and released. Leonard Peltier and Dennis Banks are allegedly in Los Angles as well and may have been waiting to pick them up at the airport.

October 3-8 ?, 1975: Annie Mae and David Hill drive Marlon Brando's motor home from California to Utah to Chadron, Nebraska.

October 10-14, 1975: David Hill, Annie Mae, Dennis Banks and others are allegedly involved in several bombings in the Pine Ridge area. Hill allegedly harasses Annie Mae about being an informant. The group leaves for Oregon shortly after, being joined by Kenny Loud Hawk in a white station wagon. Russ Redner joins the group in Washington at John Chiquita's residence.

Late October, 1975: FBI Informant A tells FBI Banks is in Oregon area with the Marlon Brando motor home. Annie Mae tells friends she wants to leave and go to Canada but is not allowed too. Ka-Mook Banks in the CBC - Fifth Estate special says that Annie Mae is along on the trip to be watched because Dennis Banks and Leonard Peltier "don't trust her, and believe she is working in some capacity as an informant."

Early November: FBI Informant A notifies FBI, Banks is at John Chiquiti residence on the Port Madison Reservation in Washington State. A clam bake is held at the John Chiquiti residence celebrating the arrival of Dennis Banks, Leonard Peltier, Annie Mae and other AIM members. Many regional AIM members are present and Peltier allegedly has bragged to several people about killing the agents and is brandishing FBI agent Coler's service revolver to others as a trophy.

Early November, 1975: FBI Informant B notifies FBI, Peltier is at John Chiquiti residence.

November 6 & 8, 1975: Attorney Bob Riter of Pierre, South Dakota in letters requests the assistance of Attorney Bruce Ellison in notifying Riter's client, Anna Mae Aquash, that she has an appearance to make Nov. 10th, 1975. Riter is the alleged author of a letter to Annie Mae which includes information regarding an offer being made by the federal government to Aquash. Riter refuses to confirm such a letter to NFIC during an interview, but other NFIC sources say the letter is obtained by WKLDOC attorney Bruce Ellison.

November 13, 1975: Two Informants confirm Banks and Peltier in Oregon.

November 14, 1975: Oregon/Banks Brando Vehicle Shoot-out: (Peltier, Dennis and Ka-Mook Banks, Annie Mae, Kenny Loud Hawk, Russ Redner). Aquash, Redner, Loudhawk and Ka-Mook arrested. Peltier and Banks flee.

November 18, 1975: FBI issues 20 page document on Peltier's fugitive status regarding deaths of FBI agents, Milwaukee attempted murder charge (later acquitted) and the death of Jeanette Bissonette.

November 24, 1975: Arraignment of Annie Mae, Pierre, SD. Annie Mae is represented by court appointed attorney Robert Riter. Bonds out of jail on weapons charge. Annie Mae checks into a Pierre motel along with WKLDOC attorney Bruce Ellison, legal assistants and defendants and is later picked up by the late Evelyn Bordeaux and Ray Hand Boy and driven to Keensburg, Colorado. Aquash apparently believes that Dennis Banks will meet her there.

November 25, 1975: Indictment of Peltier, Robideau, Butler, for the Murder of FBI agents June 26, 1975. Bench warrant for failure to appear for Annie Mae on weapons charges on the Rosebud arrest of September 5th. Annie Mae and others stop at a bar (Julian's) in Keensburg, Colorado owned by the husband of Theda Nelson Clark of Denver AIM. Hand Boy and Bordeaux return the next day to South Dakota.

November 28, 1975: Annie Mae goes to stay at the home of Troy Lynn Yellow Wood-Williams at 4494 Pecos St, Denver, Colorado.

December 10, 1975: Word arrives from South Dakota to Denver contacts that Annie Mae is considered an informant. That Annie Mae may have given up the Marlo Brando motor home and suspects and may now be assisting in the indictments against Peltier and other ResMur suspects.

Annie Mae according to a 1999 Globe and Mail article, stayed with Troy Lynn Yellow Wood for a couple of weeks and is then taken by force or under duress from the Denver home by AIM members Arlo Looking Cloud, John Boy Graham and Theda Nelson Clark in order to be questioned about being an informant. Annie Mae is reportedly tied up in a chair while a dozen or more people are in and out of the house including allegedly, Corky Gonzales and Ernesto Vigil from the Crusade for Justice, who allegedly threatened to kill her, Angie Begay, Annie Begay, Frank Dillon, George and Angie Phelfey, Arlene Means, Souix Casper-Black, Norma Williams (Theda's sister) and others.

John Trudell in the CBC - Fifth Estate special says he receives a phone call from Troy Lynn indicating that Annie Mae was taken away from Yellow Wood's house against her will. John Boy Graham in the CBC special admits that Annie Mae is in the car going from Denver to Rapid City, South Dakota with him but refuses to name anyone else.

Several NFIC sources confirm that Vernon Bellecourt is making statements about Annie Mae being an informant.

December 11, 1975: Annie Mae is taken to the offices of the Wounded Knee Legal Defense Committee in Rapid City and is questioned by Madonna Gilbert and Lorlie DeCora-Means, and Attorney Bruce Ellison are present. NFIC sources say that Ted Means, Clyde Bellecourt and Tom Poor Bear are seen at the WKLDOC offices as well on this day when Annie Mae is there. A document is produced, (believed to be the alleged Attorney Riter letter) which is said to outline a government offer to Annie Mae involving her cooperation in the ResMur FBI shooting. Candy Hamilton, legal assistant in the CBC - Fifth Estate special says she is working upstairs at the WKLDOC when she comes across Annie Mae being questioned. Kathy James, Toby and Lucky Hollander, legal assistants are reportedly working at the WKLOC offices during this general period as well. David Hill, who had been living with Thelma Rios-Conroy during 1974-75, shows up in the Rapid City area during this time from Salt Lake City, Utah, allegedly having come back from west coast meetings with Dennis Banks, Vernon Bellecourt and allegedly Peltier.

December 11, 1975: Annie Mae is reportedly taken from the WKLDC offices and held at the home of Thelma Rios-Conroy at 1014 Milwaukee St. before being moved to another home owned by Rios-Conroy on Norwood Heights. Thelma's elderly mother allegedly tells other people she witnesses a woman being held at the house during this period. During this time frame NFIC has been told that again several leadership members of AIM take part in discussions regarding Annie Mae being an informant. Dennis Banks is allegedly part of these discussions by phone and is said to be aware that Annie Mae is being held for questioning. In addition, WKLDOC attorney Bruce Ellison is named by NFIC sources as encouraging the idea that Annie Mae is an informant after her questioning and also shows up at Thelma Rios' house. Ellison pleads the fifth amendment against self-incrimination at grand jury hearings in 2003. Arlo Looking Cloud, John Graham, and Zeno Little are allegedly posted as guards to the room Annie Mae is being held in.

December 12, 1975: Herb Powless is featured in a picture in the Rapid City Journal smiling as he comes out of the courthouse the day before on December 11, 1975.

December 12, 1975: Annie Mae is reportedly taken from Rapid City after being raped and beaten, (the autopsy report shows she is missing ten teeth) allegedly by John Graham and others, to the Rosebud reservation area where AIM supporters refuse to keep her (Arlo is allegedly now assigned the responsibility to execute Annie Mae being a Lakota on Lakota land). She is then taken to Bill Means home nearby during the early morning hours. Several AIM members are allegedly at the home of Bill Means, including Clyde Bellecourt, David Hill, Ted and Bill Means. Russell Means in a November 1999 Denver press conference says that Vernon Bellecourt calls his brother Clyde from Minneapolis and orders the execution of Annie Mae. Vernon Bellecourt in an 1999 interview with several Native journalists in response to the Means' press conference says he called the home of Bill Means during that period on a daily basis, and was in California during early December, not in Minneapolis. Dennis Banks is staying at the home of Lee Brightman in California during December 1975 when Bellecourt arrives December 9 or 10 for a couple of days.

Theda Nelson Clark is driving the same Red Pinto they left in from Denver, Colorado with John Boy Graham and Arlo Looking Cloud, and Annie Mae is tied up in the back seat. According to a year 2000 narrative by Richard Two Elk relating what Arlo Looking Cloud has told him over the years, John Boy Graham, allegedly shoots Annie Mae after "Arlo hands him the gun" around daybreak on December 12, 1975, with Theda Clark looking on from her car. In the CBC - Fifth Estate special John Boy Graham denies shooting Annie Mae.

John Trudell in the CBC - Fifth Estate describes the scene told to him by Arlo Looking Cloud: "Annie Mae was trying to pray for her daughters, and then John Boy shot her."

February 24, 1976: Jane Doe is found 10 miles from Wanblee on Hwy 73 on Pine Ridge reservation by Roger Amiotte.

February 25/26, 1976: John Trudell is testifying at the Butler/Robideau trial in Cedar Rapids, Iowa on June 22, 1976 and tells the court, according to transcripts, "Dennis (Banks) told me she had been shot in the back of the head. He told me this on February, about the 25th or 26th of February.... He told me this in California... I know it was within two days or so after they had found the body and I knew nothing about that." "I was setting in the car with Dennis and he said, 'You know that body they found? That is Annie Mae.' I didn't know about a body." Vernon and Clyde Bellecourt are also allegedly in the car.

March 2, 1976: Annie Mae buried at Holy Rosary Mission cemetery as Jane Doe.

March 3, 1976: Severed hands of Jane Doe are identified as Annie Mae's by FBI Identification Bureau in Washington DC.

March 5, 1976: Pictou family in Nova Scotia notified of identification of Jane Doe.

March 6, 1976: FBI announces publicly the identification of Annie Mae.

March 9, 1976: Dr. Gary Peterson determines that Annie Mae was shot in the back of the head once, and died some hours later of exposure.

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