After McKenna & Bell, 1997, Begun, 2002b, Harrison, 2002, Kelley, 2002 and Ward & Duren, 2002
<==o Hominoidea Gray, 1825 (apes; great apes; ihmisapinat) |?- †Prohylobates tandyi |?- †Morotopithecus bishopi Gebo et al., 1997 |?- †Otavipithecus namibiensis Conroy et al., 1992 |?- †Samburupithecus kiptalami Ishida & Pickford, 1997 |?- †Proconsulidae Leakey, 1963 sensu Ward & Duren, 2002 |--o †Griphopithecidae Begun, 2002 | |-- †Kenyapithecus wickeri Leakey, 1962 [Ramapithecus wickeri (Leakey, 1962), Sivapithecus] [Kenyapithecinae Leakey, 1962] | `--o †Griphopithecus Abel, 1902 | |-- †G. darwini Abel, 1902 | |-- †G. alpani Tekkaya, 1974 | `-- †G. africanus (Clark & Leakey, 1951) sensu Begun, 2002 [Sivapithecus africanus Clark & Leakey, 1951] `--+-- Hylobatidae Gray, 1877 (gobbons; gibbonit) `--+-- †Oreopithecidae `--o Pongidae Elliot, 1913 sensu lato |?- †Bodvapithecus |?- †Rudapithecus |?- †Udabnopithecus garedziensis |?- †Graecopithecus freybergi von Koenigswald, 1972 |--+-- †Ouranopithecus macedoniensis Bonis & Melentis, 1977 [Graecopithecus macedoniensis] [paraphyletic Dryopithecidae] | `-- Pongidae Elliot, 1913 sensu stricto (Orangutangs; orangit) [incl. Ramapithecidae) `--+-- Hominidae Gray, 1825 (African Great Apes; afrikanihmisapinat) `--+?- †Pierolapithecus catalaunicus Moyà-Solà, Köhler, Alba, Casanovas-Vilar & Galindo, 2004 sensu Begun & Ward, 2005 `--o †Dryopithecus Lartet, 1856 [paraphyletic Dryopithecidae] |?- ?†D. wuduensis Xue & Delson, 1988 |-- †D. fontani Lartet, 1856 |-- †D. brancoi Schlosser, 1901 |-- †D. laietanus Villalta & Crusafont, 1944 `-- †D. crusafonti Begun, 1992
Reference(s):
- Alpagut, B., Andrews, P., Fortelius, M., Kappelman, J., Temizsoy, 'I., Celebi, H. & Lindsay, W. 1996: A new specimen of Ankarapithecus meteai from the Sinap Formation of central Anatolia.
–Nature: vol. 382, #, 25 July, pp. 349-351. - Begun, D. R., 2002: European hominoids. 339-368.
in Hartwig, W. C., (eds.) 2002: The Primate Fossil Record.
–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2002, xiv-530 - Begun, D. R. & Ward, C. V., 2005: Technical Comment: Comment on “Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, a new Middle Miocene great ape from Spain”. –Science: Vol. 308, pp. 203c
- Casanovas-Vilar, I. & Galindo, J., 2005: Technical Comment: Responce to Comment on “Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, a new Middle Miocene great ape from Spain”.
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–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Gebo, D. L., MacLatchy, L., Kityo, R., Deino, A., Kingston, J. & Pilbeam, D., 1997: A hominoid genus from the Early Miocene of Uganda.
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–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2002, xiv-530 - Kelley, J., 2002: The hominoid radiation in Asia. 369-384.
in Hartwig, W. C., (eds.) 2002: The Primate Fossil Record.
–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2002, xiv-530 - McKenna, M. C. & Bell, S. K., (eds.) 1997: Classification of mammals – above the species level.
–Columbia University Press, New York, 1997, xii-631 - Moyà-Solà, S., Köhler, M., Alba, D. M., Casanovas-Vilar, I. & Galindo, J., 2004: Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, a new Middle Miocen great ape from Spain.
–Science: Vol. 306, pp. 1339-1344 - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's Mammals of the World; Part 1.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xlviii-642-lxiii - Nowak, R. M., 1991: Walker's mammals of the World; Part 2.
–The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1991, xii-643-1629 - Ward, S. C. & Duren, D. L., 2002: Middle and late Miocene African hominoids. 385-397.
in Hartwig, W. C., (eds.) 2002: The Primate Fossil Record.
–Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2002, xiv-530