Was the 2004 Election Stolen? Sources and Commentary

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and ROLLING STONE spent four months investigating the 2004 election in Ohio. To assemble a conservative estimate of the number of voters in the state who were prevented from casting ballots or did not have their votes counted, we interviewed dozens of election officials, pollsters, candidates, voter advocates and political scientists, and reviewed reports by federal officials, statisticians, voter advocates and journalists.

Kennedy is president of Waterkeeper Alliance and writes frequently about issues affecting American democracy. His story ''Deadly Immunity'' appeared in RS 977/978. Additional research and reporting for this piece were provided by contributing editor Tim Dickinson, who covers politics for ROLLING STONE, and writes National Affairs Daily, where he will be exploring the article in greater depth in the coming days.

Below is a list of sources and additional materials on the 2004 election.

A ROLLING STONE Editorial:

• A Call for Investigation
  Electronic voting machines pose a grave threat to democracy
  
  

The Charts

• The Tale of the Exit Polls; Ohio's Missing Votes; The Twelve Suspect Counties
  
  

The Books:

Fooled Again: How the Right Stole the 2004 Election & Why They'll Steal the Next One Too (Unless We Stop Them) by Mark Crispin Miller

• Buy this book

Was the 2004 Presidential Election Stolen? : Exit Polls, Election Fraud, and the Official Count by Steve Freeman, Joel Bleifuss

• Buy this book

How the GOP Stole America's 2004 Election & Is Rigging 2008 by Bob Fitrakis, Harvey Wasserman

• Buy this book

The Reports:

Preserving Democracy: What Went Wrong in Ohio

Democracy at Risk: The 2004 Election in Ohio
The DNC investigation

Lucas Country Board of Elections -- Results of Investigations Following November 2004 General Election

Analyses of Voter Disqualification, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, November 2004

Additional Materials:

The Blackwell Fundraising Letter