Filippo Juvarra, Italian architect and scene-designer, was born in Messina
in 1678 and died in Madrid in 1736. After a period of formation in Sicily as a member of
artisan family of goldsmiths and chisellers, he moved to Rome in 1703 where studied
architecture of Carlo and Francesco Fontana. In 1706 Juvarra won a contest organized by
Clement XI and became a member of an Academy of San Luca. In
1708 his first important work and the only realized in Rome was created: the chapel of Antamori in the church of San Gerolamo
della Carita'. |
- At the same time he projected numerous machines and mechanisms for the ceremonies and
celebrations and worked as a scene-designer
for the private theatres (in particular for the little theatre of the house of Ottoboni)
creating the new type of the space vision.
- The period of most intensive activity as an
architect began in 1714, when after a sojourn in Messina, he moved to Piedmont where
Victor Amadeus II of Savoy nominated Juvarra the first
architect of the court. The fame obtained here thanks to his talent and capacities
determined his further activity at the richest noble and royal courts of Europe.
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Among
numerous created or projected works for the capital of the Savoy kingdom should be
noticed: Basilica di Superga (1715-1718) (see above) built on the high hill over the
Turin; the facade of the church Santa
Cristina (1715-1718);the project for the 3rd enlargement of Turin to the west according to the orthogonal system introduced by Vitozzi and
Castellamonte: the project including construction of palazzo Martini di Cigala (1716), of Quartieri
Militari (1716-1728) and later of the church del Carmine (1732-1736), where the space is concentrated around the central hall with
the scenographic effect of light falling from the high. |
- Exploring more and more the original Italian
and French traditions, Juvarra realized the
big stair- case and a facade of Palazzo Madama (1718-1721) and the
Stupinigi's house of hunt (1729-1731) (see
above).
- In 1735 the architect was invited to Madrid
by Philip the 5th, for who were executed the projects for the Palazzo Reale, Granja di Sant'Ildefonso and Palazzo di Aranjuez, built after the death of Juvarra by G.B.Sacchetti and other
pupils.
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© Copyright 1999-2004
Riccardo Cigola
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