Resource Library

a. aceta´buli  1. ramus acetabularis arteriae obturatoriae.  2. ramus acetabularis arteriae circumflexae femoris medialis.

a. adrena´lis me´dia  a. suprarenalis media.

a. alveola´ris infe´rior  [TA]  inferior alveolar artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, dental, peridental, mental, and mylohyoid rami; distribution, lower jaw, lower lip, and chin. Called also inferior dental artery and mandibular artery.

arte´riae alveola´res superio´res anterio´res  [TA]  anterior superior alveolar arteries: origin, infraorbital artery; branches, dental and peridental rami; distribution, incisors and canine regions of upper jaw, maxillary sinus. Called also anterior dental arteries.

a. alveola´ris supe´rior poste´rior  [TA]  posterior superior alveolar artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, dental and peridental rami; distribution, molar and premolar regions of upper jaw, maxillary sinus. Called also posterior dental artery.

a. angula´ris  [TA]  angular artery: origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, lacrimal sac, lower eyelid, nose.

a. aor´ta  aorta.

a. appendicula´ris  [TA]  appendicular artery: origin, ileocolic artery; branches, none; distribution, vermiform appendix. Called also vermiform artery.

arte´riae arcifor´mes re´nis  arteriae arcuatae renis.

a. arcua´ta pe´dis  [TA]  arcuate artery of foot: origin, dorsal artery of foot; branches, deep plantar branch and dorsal metatarsal artery; distribution, foot, toes.

arte´riae arcua´tae re´nis  [TA]  arcuate arteries of kidney: origi n, interlobar artery; branches, i nterlobular artery and arteriolae rectae; distribution, parenchyma of kidney. C alled also arteriae arciformes renis.

a. ascen´dens ileoco´lica  ramus colicus arteriae ileocolicae.

a. auditi´va inter´na  a. labyrinthina.

arte´riae auricula´res anterio´res  rami auriculares anteriores arteriae temporalis superficialis.

a. auricula´ris poste´rior  [TA]  posterior auricular artery: origin, external carotid; branches, auricular and occipital rami, stylomastoid artery; distribution, middle ear, mastoid cells, auricle, parotid gland, digastric and other muscles.

a. auricula´ris profun´da  [TA]  deep auricular artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, skin of auditory canal, tympanic membrane, temporomandibular joint.

a. axilla´ris  [TA]  axillary artery: origin, continuation of subclavian artery; branches, subscapular rami, and superior thoracic, thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic, subscapular, and anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries; distribution, upper limb, axilla, chest, shoulder.

arte´riae azy´goi vagi´nae  rami vaginales arteriae uterinae.

a. basila´ris  [TA]  basilar artery: origin, from junction of right and left vertebral arteries; branches, pontine branches, and anterior inferior cerebellar, labyrinthine, superior cerebellar, and posterior cerebral arteries; distribution, brain stem, internal ear, cerebellum, posterior cerebrum.

a. brachia´lis  [TA]  brachial artery: origin, continuation of axillary artery; branches, superficial brachial, deep brachial, nutrient of humerus, superior ulnar collateral, inferior ulnar collateral, radial, and ulnar arteries; distribution, shoulder, arm, forearm, hand.

a. brachia´lis superficia´lis  [TA]  superficial brachial artery: an occasional vessel that arises from high bifurcation of the brachial artery and assumes a more superficial course than usual.

arte´riae bronchia´les  rami bronchiales partis thoracicae aortae.

a. bucca´lis  [TA]  buccal artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, buccinator muscle, mucous membrane of mouth. Called also a. buccinatoria and buccinator artery.

a. buccinato´ria  a. buccalis.

a. bul´bi pe´nis  [TA]  artery of bulb of penis: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, bulbourethral gland, bulb of penis. Called also a. bulbi urethrae and bulbourethral artery.

a. bul´bi ure´thrae  a. bulbi penis.

a. bul´bi vesti´buli  [TA]  artery of bulb of vestibule: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, vestibular bulb, greater vestibular glands.

a. caeca´lis ante´rior  [TA]  anterior cecal artery: origin, ileocolic; branches, none; distribution, cecum. Spelled also a. cecalis anterior.

a. caeca´lis poste´rior  [TA]  posterior cecal artery: origin, ileocolic; branches, none; distribution, cecum. Spelled also a. cecalis posterior.

a. callosomargina´lis  [TA]  callosomarginal artery: origin, postcommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, anteromedial frontal, mediomedial frontal, posteromedial frontal, and singular branches; distribution, medial and superolateral surfaces of cerebral hemisphere.

a. cana´lis pterygoi´dei  [TA]  artery of pterygoid canal: origin, maxillary artery; branches, pterygoid; distribution, roof of pharynx, auditory tube. Called also vidian artery.

arte´riae capsula´res  rami capsulares arteriae renales.

arte´riae caroticotympa´nicae  [TA]  caroticotympanic arteries: branches of the petrous part of the internal carotid artery that supply the tympanic cavity; called also rami caroticotympanici arteriae carotidis internae.

a. caro´tis commu´nis  [TA]  common carotid artery: origin, brachiocephalic trunk (right), aortic arch (left); branches, external and internal carotids; distribution, see a. carotis externa and a. carotis interna.

a. caro´tis exter´na  [TA]  external carotid artery: origin, common carotid; branches, superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, sternocleidomastoid, occipital, posterior auricular, superficial temporal, maxillary; distribution, neck, face, skull.

a. caro´tis inter´na  [TA]  internal carotid artery: origin, common carotid; branches, caroticotympanic, ophthalmic, posterior communicating, anterior choroid, anterior cerebral, and middle cerebral arteries; distribution, middle ear, brain, pituitary gland, orbit, choroid plexus. It is divided into four parts: cervical, petrous, cavernous, and cerebral.

a. cau´dae pancre´atis  [TA]  artery of tail of pancreas: origin, splenic; branches and distribution, supplies branches to tail of pancreas, and accessory spleen (if present).

a. ceca´lis ante´rior  a. caecalis anterior.

a. ceca´lis poste´rior  a. caecalis posterior.

arte´riae centra´les anterolatera´les  [TA]  anterolateral central arteries: origin, sphenoidal part of middle cerebral artery; branches; two sets of branches, medial and lateral; distribution, anterior lenticular and caudate nuclei and internal capsule of brain. Called also arteriae thalamostriatae anterolaterales, anterolateral thalamostriate arteries, and striate arteries.

arte´riae centra´les anteromedia´les arte´riae ce´rebri anterio´ris  [TA]  anteromedial central arteries of anterior cerebral artery: origin, precommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior and medial corpus striatum. Called also arteriae thalamostriatae anteromediales and anteromedial thalamostriate arteries.

arte´riae centra´les anteromedia´les arte´riae communican´tis anterio´ris  [TA]  anteromedial central arteries of anterior communicating artery: origin, anterior communicating artery; branches, none; distribution, corpus callosum, septum pellucidum, lentiform and caudate nuclei.

a. centra´lis bre´vis  short central artery: a branch from the precommunical part of the anterior cerebral artery.

a. centra´lis lon´ga  long central artery: a branch of the precommunical part of the anterior cerebral artery; called also a. recurrens.

arte´riae centra´les posterolatera´les  [TA]  posterolateral central arteries: origin, postcommunical part of posterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cerebral peduncle, posterior thalamus, colliculi, pineal and medial geniculate bodies.

arte´riae centra´les posteromedia´les arte´riae ce´rebri posterio´ris  [TA]  posteromedial central arteries of posterior cerebral artery: origin, precommunical part of posterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior thalamus, lateral wall of third ventricle, and globus pallidus of lentiform nucleus. Called also paramedian arteries.

arte´riae centra´les posteromedia´les arte´riae communican´tis posterio´ris  [TA]  posteromedial central arteries of posterior communicating artery: origin, posterior communicating artery; branches, none; distribution, medial thalamic surface and walls of third ventricle.

a. centra´lis re´tinae  [TA]  central artery of retina: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, retina. Called also artery of Zinn.

a. cerebel´li infe´rior ante´rior  a. inferior anterior cerebelli.

a. cerebel´li infe´rior poste´rior  a. inferior posterior cerebelli.

a. cerebel´li supe´rior  a. superior cerebelli.

a. ce´rebri ante´rior  [TA]  anterior cerebral artery: origin, internal carotid artery; branches (precommunical part) anteromedial central arteries, long and short central arteries, anterior communicating artery, and (postcommunical part) medial frontobasal, callosomarginal (anteromedial, interomedial, posteromedial, and cingular branches), paracentral, precuneal, and parieto-occipital arteries; distribution, orbital, frontal, and parietal cortex, corpus callosum, diencephalon, corpus striatum, internal capsule, and choroid plexus of lateral ventricle.

a. ce´rebri me´dia  [TA]  middle cerebral artery: origin, internal carotid; branches sphenoidal part: anterolateral central artery (with medial and lateral branches); insular part: insular artery, lateral frontobasal artery, and anterior, intermediate, and posterior temporal arteries; terminal or cortical part: arteries of central, precentral, and postcentral sulcus, anterior and posterior parietal arteries, artery of angular gyri; distribution, orbital, frontal, parietal, and temporal cortex, corpus striatum, internal capsule. Called also sylvian artery.

a. ce´rebri poste´rior  [TA]  posterior cerebral artery: origin, terminal bifurcation of basilar artery; branches (precommunical part) posteromedial central arteries, (postcommunical part) posterolateral central arteries, and thalamic, medial and lateral posterior choroidal, and peduncular branches, and (terminal, or cortical, part) lateral occipital artery (anterior, medial intermediate and posterior temporal branches) and medial occipital artery (dorsal corpus callosum, parietal, parieto-occipital, calcarine, and occipitotemporal branches); distribution, occipital and temporal cortex, diencephalon, midbrain, choroid plexus of lateral and third ventricles, and visual area of cerebral cortex and other structures associated with the visual pathway.

a. cervica´lis ascen´dens  [TA]  ascending cervical artery: origin, inferior thyroid artery; branches, spinal rami; distribution, muscles of neck, vertebrae, vertebral canal.

a. cervica´lis profun´da  [TA]  deep cervical artery: origin, costocervical trunk; branches, none; distribution, deep neck muscles.

a. cervica´lis superficia´lis  ramus superficialis arteriae transversae cervicis.

arte´riae cervicovagina´les  cervicovaginal arteries: several large branches of the uterine artery given off at the side of the uterus at the level of the cervix, to supply the vagina.

a. choroi´dea ante´rior  [TA]  anterior choroidal artery: origin, internal carotid or middle cerebral artery; branches, many small branches; distribution, interior of brain, including choroid plexus of lateral ventricle and adjacent parts.

arte´riae cilia´res anterio´res  [TA]  anterior ciliary arteries: origin, ophthalmic and lacrimal arteries; branches, episcleral and anterior conjunctival arteries; distribution, iris, conjunctiva.

arte´riae cilia´res posterio´res bre´ves  [TA]  short posterior ciliary arteries: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, choroid coat of eye. Called also short ciliary arteries.

arte´riae cilia´res posterio´res lon´gae  [TA]  long posterior ciliary arteries: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, iris, ciliary process. Called also long ciliary arteries.

a. circumflex´a ante´rior hu´meri  a. circumflexa humeri anterior.

a. circumflex´a fe´moris latera´lis  [TA]  lateral circumflex femoral artery: origin, deep femoral artery; branches, ascending, descending, and transverse branches; distribution, hip joint, thigh muscles.

a. circumflex´a fe´moris media´lis  [TA]  medial circumflex femoral artery: origin, deep femoral artery; branches, deep, superficial, ascending, transverse, and acetabular branches; distribution, hip joint, thigh muscles.

a. circumflex´a hu´meri ante´rior  [TA]  anterior circumflex humeral artery: origin, axillary artery; branches, none; distribution, shoulder joint and head of humerus, long tendon of biceps, tendon of pectoralis major muscle. Called also a. circumflexa anterior humeri.

a. circumflex´a hu´meri poste´rior  [TA]  posterior circumflex humeral artery: origin, axillary artery; branches; none; distribution, deltoideus, shoulder joint, teres minor and triceps muscles. Called also a. circumflexa posterior humeri.

a. circumflex´a i´lium profun´da  [TA]  deep circumflex iliac artery: origin, external iliac artery; branches, ascending branches; distribution, iliac region, abdominal wall, groin.

a. circumflex´a i´lium superficia´lis  [TA]  superficial circumflex iliac artery: origin, femoral artery; branches, none; distribution, groin, abdominal wall.

a. circumflex´a poste´rior hu´meri  a. circumflexa humeri posterior.

a. circumflex´a sca´pulae  [TA]  circumflex artery of scapula: origin, subscapular artery; branches, none; distribution, inferolateral muscles of the scapula.

a. co´lica dex´tra  [TA]  right colic artery: origin, superior mesenteric artery; branches, none; distribution, ascending colon.

a. co´lica me´dia  [TA]  middle colic artery: origin, superior mesenteric artery; branches, none; distribution, transverse colon. Called also accessory superior colic artery.

a. co´lica sinis´tra  [TA]  left colic artery: origin, inferior mesenteric; branches, none; distribution, descending colon.

a. collatera´lis me´dia  [TA]  middle collateral artery: origin, deep brachial artery; branches, none; distribution, triceps muscle, elbow joint.

a. collatera´lis radia´lis  [TA]  radial collateral artery: origin, deep brachial artery; branches, none; distribution, brachioradialis and brachialis muscles.

a. collatera´lis ulna´ris infe´rior  [TA]  inferior ulnar collateral artery: origin, brachial artery; branches, none; distribution, arm muscles at back of elbow.

a. collatera´lis ulna´ris supe´rior  [TA]  superior ulnar collateral artery: origin, brachial artery; branches, none; distribution, elbow joint, triceps muscle.

a. co´mitans ner´vi ischia´dici  [TA]  accompanying artery of ischiadic nerve: origin, inferior gluteal artery; branches, none; distribution, accompanies sciatic nerve. Called also a. comitans nervi sciatici, artery to sciatic nerve, and sciatic artery.

a. co´mitans ner´vi media´ni  [TA]  accompanying artery of median nerve: origin, anterior interosseous artery; branches, none; distribution, median nerve, muscles of front of forearm. Called also a. mediana and median artery.

a. co´mitans ner´vi scia´tici  a. comitans nervi ischiadici.

a. commu´nicans ante´rior  [TA]  anterior communicating artery: origin, precommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, establishes connection between the anterior cerebral arteries.

a. commu´nicans poste´rior  [TA]  posterior communicating artery: establishes connection between internal carotid and posterior cerebral arteries; branches, to the optic chiasm, oculomotor nerve, thalamus, hypothalamus, and tail of caudate nucleus.

arte´riae conjunctiva´les anterio´res  [TA]  anterior conjunctival arteries: origin, anterior ciliary; branches, none; distribution, conjunctiva.

arte´riae conjunctiva´les posterio´res  [TA]  posterior conjunctival arteries: origin, medial palpebral artery; branches, none; distribution, caruncula lacrimalis, conjunctiva.

a. corona´ria [cor´dis] dex´tra  a. coronaria dextra.

a. corona´ria [cor´dis] sinis´tra  a. coronaria sinistra.

a. corona´ria dex´tra  [TA]  right coronary artery of heart: origin, right aortic sinus; branches, conus artery and atrial, atrioventricular node, intermediate atrial, posterior interventricular right marginal, and sinoatrial node rami; distribution, right ventricle, right atrium..

Click here to view image ■Arteria coronaria dextra (right coronary artery) and arteria coronaria sinistra (left coronary artery) and some of their branches in an anterior view of the heart.

a. corona´ria sinis´tra  [TA]  left coronary artery of heart: origin, left aortic sinus; branches, anterior interventricular and circumflex rami; distribution, left ventricle, left atrium.

arte´riae cortica´les radia´tae  [TA]  cortical radiate arteries: arteries originating from the arcuate arteries of the kidney and distributed to the renal glomeruli. Called also interlobular arteries of kidney and arteriae interlobulares renis [TA alternative].

a. cremaste´rica  [TA]  cremasteric artery: origin, inferior epigastric; branches, none; distribution, cremaster muscle, coverings of spermatic cord. Called also a. spermatica externa and external spermatic artery.

a. cys´tica  [TA]  cystic artery: origin, right branch of proper hepatic artery; branches, none; distribution, gallbladder.

a. deferentia´lis  a. ductus deferentis.

a. descen´dens genicula´ris  a. descendens genus.

a. descen´dens ge´nus  [TA]  descending genicular artery: origin, femoral artery; branches, saphenous, articular; distribution, knee joint, upper and medial leg. Called also a. descendens genicularis.

arte´riae digita´les dorsa´les ma´nus  [TA]  dorsal digital arteries of hand: origin, dorsal metacarpal arteries; branches, none; distribution, dorsum of fingers.

arte´riae digita´les dorsa´les pe´dis  [TA]  dorsal digital arteries of foot: origin, dorsal metatarsal arteries; branches, none; distribution, dorsum of toes.

arte´riae digita´les palma´res commu´nes  [TA]  common palmar digital arteries: origin, superficial volar arch; branches, proper palmar digital arteries; distribution, fingers. Called also arteriae digitales volares communes, common volar digital arteries, and ulnar metacarpal arteries.

arte´riae digita´les palma´res pro´priae  [TA]  proper palmar digital arteries: origin, common palmar digital arteries; branches, none; distribution, fingers. Called also arteriae digitales volares propriae, collateral digital arteries, and proper volar digital arteries.

arte´riae digita´les planta´res commu´nes  [TA]  common plantar digital arteries: origin, plantar metatarsal arteries; branches, proper plantar digital arteries; distribution, toes.

arte´riae digita´les planta´res pro´priae  [TA]  proper plantar digital arteries: origin, common plantar digital arteries; branches, none; distribution, toes.

arte´riae digita´les vola´res commu´nes  arteriae digitales palmares communes.

arte´riae digita´les vola´res pro´priae  arteriae digitales palmares propriae.

a. dorsa´lis clito´ridis  [TA]  dorsal artery of clitoris: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, clitoris.

a. dorsa´lis na´si  [TA]  dorsal artery of nose: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, lacrimal; distribution, dorsum of nose. Called also a. nasi externa.

a. dorsa´lis pe´dis  [TA]  dorsal artery of foot: origin, continuation of anterior tibial; branches, lateral and medial tarsal, arcuate, and deep plantar arteries; distribution, foot, toes.

a. dorsa´lis pe´nis  [TA]  dorsal artery of penis: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, glans, corona, prepuce.

a. dorsa´lis sca´pulae  [TA]  dorsal scapular artery: origin, second or third part of subclavian artery, or may be the deep branch of transverse cervical artery (ramus profundus arteriae transversae cervicis); branches, none; distribution, rhomboid, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius muscles. Called also a. scapularis dorsalis.

a. duc´tus deferen´tis  [TA]  artery of ductus deferens: origin, umbilical artery; branches, ureteral artery; distribution, ureter, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, testes. Called also a. deferentialis and deferential artery.

a. epigas´trica infe´rior  [TA]  inferior epigastric artery: origin, external iliac; branches, pubic branch, cremasteric artery, a. of round ligament of uterus; distribution, abdominal wall.

a. epigas´trica superficia´lis  [TA]  superficial epigastric artery: origin, femoral; branches, none; distribution, abdominal wall, groin.

a. epigas´trica supe´rior  [TA]  superior epigastric artery: origin, internal thoracic artery; branches, none; distribution, abdominal wall, diaphragm.

arte´riae episclera´les  [TA]  episcleral arteries: origin, anterior ciliary artery; branches, none; distribution, iris, ciliary process.

a. ethmoida´lis ante´rior  [TA]  anterior ethmoidal artery: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, anterior meningeal, anterior septal, and anterior lateral nasal rami; distribution, dura mater, nose, frontal sinus, anterior ethmoidal cells.

a. ethmoida´lis poste´rior  [TA]  posterior ethmoidal artery: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, posterior ethmoidal cells, dura mater, nose.

a. facia´lis  [TA]  facial artery: origin, external carotid; branches, ascending palatine, tonsillar, submental, inferior labial, superior labial, septal, lateral nasal, angular, glandular; distribution, face, tonsil, palate, submandibular gland. Called also a. maxillaris externa and external maxillary artery.

a. femora´lis  [TA]  femoral artery: origin, continuation of external iliac; branches, superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac, external pudendal, deep femoral, descending geniculate; distribution, lower abdominal wall, external genitalia, lower extremity. NOTE: Vascular surgeons refer to the portion of the femoral artery proximal to the branching of the deep femoral as the common femoral a., and to its continuation as the superficial femoral a. In this classification, the descending geniculate artery is a branch of the superficial femoral artery.

a. fibula´ris  [TA]  fibular artery: origin, posterior tibial artery; branches, perforating, communicating, calcaneal, and lateral and medial malleolar branches, and calcaneal rete; distribution, outside and back of ankle, deep calf muscles. Called also a. peronea and peroneal artery.

a. fronta´lis  a. supratrochlearis.

a. frontobasa´lis latera´lis  [TA]  lateral frontobasal artery: origin, insular part of middle cerebral artery: branches, none; distribution, cortex of lateroinferior frontal lobe.

a. frontobasa´lis media´lis  [TA]  medial frontobasal artery: origin, postcommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, medioinferior cortex of frontal lobe. Called also ramus orbitofrontalis medialis arteriae cerebri anterioris [TA alternative].

arte´riae gas´tricae bre´ves  [TA]  short gastric arteries: origin, splenic; branches, none; distribution, upper part of stomach.

a. gas´trica dex´tra  [TA]  right gastric artery: origin, common hepatic artery; branches, none; distribution, lesser curvature of stomach. Called also pyloric artery.

a. gas´trica poste´rior  [TA]  posterior gastric artery: origin, splenic artery; branches, none; distribution, posterior gastric wall.

a. gas´trica sinis´tra  [TA]  left gastric artery: origin, celiac; branches, esophageal; distribution, esophagus, lesser curvature of stomach. Called also left coronary artery of stomach.

a. gastroduodena´lis  [TA]  gastroduodenal artery: origin, common hepatic artery; branches, supraduodenal and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries; distribution, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, greater omentum.

a. gastroepiplo´ica dex´tra  a. gastroomentalis dextra.

a. gastroepiplo´ica sinis´tra  a. gastroomentalis sinistra.

a. gastroomenta´lis dex´tra  [TA]  right gastro-omental artery: origin, gastroduodenal artery; branches, gastric, omental; distribution, stomach, greater omentum. Called also a. gastroepiploica dextra and right inferior gastric artery.

a. gastroomenta´lis sinis´tra  [TA]  left gastro-omental artery: origin, splenic artery; branches, gastric, omental; distribution, stomach, greater omentum. Called also a. gastroepiploica sinistra and left inferior gastric artery.

a. ge´nus infe´rior latera´lis  a. inferior lateralis genus.

a. ge´nus infe´rior media´lis  a. inferior medialis genus.

a. ge´nus me´dia  a. media genus.

a. ge´nus supe´rior latera´lis  a. superior lateralis genus.

a. ge´nus supe´rior media´lis  a. superior medialis genus.

a. glu´tea infe´rior  [TA]  inferior gluteal artery: origin, internal iliac; branches, sciatic; distribution, buttock, back of thigh. Called also a. glutealis inferior.

a. glu´tea supe´rior  [TA]  superior gluteal artery: origin, internal iliac artery; branches, superficial and deep branches; distribution, buttocks. Called also a. glutealis superior.

a. glutea´lis infe´rior  a. glutea inferior.

a. glutea´lis supe´rior  a. glutea superior.

a. gy´ri angula´ris  artery of angular gyrus: origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes.

a. haemorrhoida´lis infe´rior  a. rectalis inferior.

a. haemorrhoida´lis me´dia  a. rectalis media.

a. haemorrhoida´lis supe´rior  a. rectalis superior.

arte´riae helici´nae pe´nis  [TA]  helicine arteries of penis: helicine arteries arising from the vessels of the penis, whose engorgement causes erection of the organ. Called also arteries of Mueller.

a. hepa´tica  a. hepatica communis.

a. hepa´tica commu´nis  [TA]  common hepatic artery: origin, celiac trunk; branches, right gastric, gastroduodenal, hepatic proper; distribution, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, greater omentum. Called also a. hepatica.

a. hepa´tica pro´pria  [TA]  hepatic artery proper: origin, common hepatic artery; branches, right and left branches; distribution, liver, gallbladder.

a. hyaloi´dea  [TA]  hyaloid artery: a fetal vessel that continues forward from the central retinal artery through the vitreous body to supply the lens; it normally is not present after birth.

a. hypogas´trica  a. iliaca interna.

a. hypophysia´lis infe´rior  [TA]  inferior hypophysial artery: a small branch from the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery that supplies the pituitary gland.

a. hypophysia´lis supe´rior  [TA]  superior hypophysial artery: a small branch from the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery that supplies the pituitary gland.

arte´riae i´leae ,  arte´riae ilea´les [TA]  ileal arteries: origin, superior mesenteric; branches, none; distribution, ileum. Called also arteriae ilei and arteries of ileum.

arte´riae i´lei  arteriae ileales.

a. ileoco´lica  [TA]  ileocolic artery: origin, superior mesenteric; branches, anterior and posterior cecal and appendicular arteries and colic (ascending) and ileal rami; distribution, ileum, cecum, vermiform appendix, ascending colon. Called also inferior right colic artery.

a. ili´aca commu´nis  [TA]  common iliac artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, internal and external iliac; distribution, pelvis, abdominal wall, lower limb.

a. ili´aca exter´na  [TA]  external iliac artery: origin, common iliac; branches, inferior epigastric, deep circumflex iliac; distribution, abdominal wall, external genitalia, lower limb. Called also anterior iliac artery.

a. ili´aca inter´na  [TA]  internal iliac artery: origin, continuation of common iliac; branches, iliolumbar, obturator, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, umbilical, inferior vesical, uterine, middle rectal, and internal pudendal arteries; distribution, wall and viscera of pelvis, buttock, reproductive organs, medial aspect of thigh. Called also a. hypogastrica, hypogastric artery, and posterior pelvic artery.

a. iliolumba´lis  [TA]  iliolumbar artery: origin, internal iliac; branches, iliac and lumbar branches, lateral sacral arteries; distribution, pelvic muscles and bones, fifth lumbar segment, sacrum. Called also small iliac artery.

a. infe´rior ante´rior cerebel´li  [TA]  anterior inferior cerebellar artery: origin, basilar artery; branches, posterior, spinal (usually) and labyrinthine (usually) arteries; distribution, anteroinferior part of cerebellum, lower and lateral parts of pons and sometimes upper part of medulla oblongata. Called also a. cerebelli inferior anterior.

a. infe´rior latera´lis ge´nus  [TA]  lateral inferior artery of knee: origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint. Called also lateral inferior genicular artery and a. genus inferior lateralis.

a. infe´rior media´lis ge´nus  [TA]  medial inferior artery of knee: origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint. Called also medial inferior genicular artery and a. genus inferior medialis.

a. infe´rior poste´rior cerebel´li  [TA]  posterior inferior cerebellar artery: origin, vertebral artery; branches, medial and lateral; distribution, lower cerebellum, medulla, choroid plexus of fourth ventricle. Called also a. cerebelli inferior posterior.

a. infraorbita´lis  [TA]  infraorbital artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, anterior superior alveolar; distribution, maxilla, maxillary sinus, upper teeth, lower lid, cheek, nose.

a. innomina´ta  truncus brachiocephalicus.

arte´riae insula´res  [TA]  insular arteries: origin, insular part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of insula.

arte´riae intercosta´les posterio´res  [TA]  posterior intercostal arteries: for the first two, see a. intercostalis posterior prima and a. intercostalis posterior secunda; there are nine other pairs (III–XI): origin, thoracic aorta; branches, dorsal, spinal, lateral and medial cutaneous, collateral, and lateral mammary; distribution, thoracic wall.

a. intercosta´lis poste´rior pri´ma  [TA]  first posterior intercostal artery: origin, highest intercostal artery; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, upper thoracic wall.

a. intercosta´lis poste´rior secun´da  [TA]  second posterior intercostal artery: origin, highest intercostal artery; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, upper thoracic wall.

a. intercosta´lis supre´ma  [TA]  highest intercostal artery: origin, costocervical trunk; branches, first and second posterior intercostal arteries; distribution, upper thoracic wall. Called also superior intercostal artery.

arte´riae interloba´res re´nis  [TA]  interlobar arteries of kidney: origin, lobar branches of segmental arteries; branches, arcuate arteries; distribution, parenchyma of kidney.

arte´riae interlobula´res he´patis  [TA]  interlobular arteries of liver: arteries originating from the right or left branch of the proper hepatic artery, and passing between the lobules of the liver.

arte´riae interlobula´res re´nis  TA alternative for arteriae corticales radiatae.

a. interos´sea ante´rior  [TA]  anterior interosseous artery: origin, posterior or common interosseous artery; branches, median artery; distribution, deep parts of front of forearm. Called also a. interossea volaris and volar interosseous artery.

a. interos´sea commu´nis  [TA]  common interosseous artery: origin, ulnar artery; branches, anterior and posterior interosseous arteries; distribution, antecubital fossa.

a. interos´sea dorsa´lis  a. interossea posterior.

a. interos´sea poste´rior  [TA]  posterior interosseous artery: origin, common interosseous artery; branches, recurrent interosseous; distribution, deep parts of back of forearm. Called also a. interossea dorsalis and dorsal or posterior interosseous artery.

a. interos´sea recur´rens  [TA]  recurrent interosseous artery: origin, posterior interosseous or common interosseous artery; branches, none; distribution, back of elbow joint.

a. interos´sea vola´ris  a. interossea anterior.

arte´riae intestina´les  intestinal arteries: the arteries arising from the superior mesenteric, and supplying the intestines, including the pancreaticoduodenal, jejunal, ileal, ileocolic, and colic arteries.

arte´riae intrarena´les  [TA]  intrarenal arteries: the arteries within the kidney, including the interlobar, arcuate, and cortical radiate or interlobular arteries, and the arteriolae rectae. Called also arteriae renis and arteriae renales.

arte´riae jejuna´les  [TA]  jejunal arteries: origin, superior mesenteric; branches, none; distribution, jejunum.

arte´riae labia´les anterio´res vul´vae  rami labiales anteriores arteriae pudendae externae profundae.

a. labia´lis infe´rior  [TA]  inferior labial artery: origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, lower lip.

arte´riae labia´les posterio´res vul´vae  rami labiales posteriores arteriae pudendae internae.

a. labia´lis supe´rior  [TA]  superior labial artery: origin, facial artery; branches, septal and alar; distribution, upper lip, nose.

a. labyrin´thi [TA] ,  a. labyrinthi´na  labyrinthine artery: origin, basilar or anterior inferior cerebellar artery; branches, vestibular and cochlear rami; distribution, through the internal acoustic meatus to the internal ear. Called also a. auditiva interna, internal auditory artery, artery of labyrinth, and ramus meatus acustici interni arteriae basilaris [TA alternative].

a. lacrima´lis  [TA]  lacrimal artery: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, lateral palpebral arteries and recurrent meningeal; distribution, lacrimal gland, upper and lower eyelids, conjunctiva.

a. laryn´gea infe´rior  [TA]  inferior laryngeal artery: origin, inferior thyroid artery; branches, none; distribution, larynx, trachea, esophagus.

a. laryn´gea supe´rior  [TA]  superior laryngeal artery: origin, superior thyroid artery; branches, none; distribution, larynx.

a. liena´lis  TA alternative for a. splenica.

a. ligamen´ti te´retis u´teri  [TA]  artery of round ligament of uterus: origin, inferior epigastric artery; branches, none; distribution, round ligament of uterus.

a. lingua´lis  [TA]  lingual artery: origin, external carotid; branches, suprahyoid, sublingual, dorsal lingual, deep lingual; distribution, tongue, sublingual gland, tonsil, epiglottis.

a. lingula´ris  [TA]  lingular artery: a branch of the left pulmonary artery to the superior lobe, consisting almost entirely of the superior and inferior lingular arteries and supplying the lingular segments. Called also lingular segmental artery.

a. lingula´ris infe´rior  [TA]  inferior lingular artery: a branch of the lingular artery to the superior lobe, supplying the inferior lingular segment. Called also inferior lingular segmental artery.

a. lingula´ris supe´rior  [TA]  superior lingular artery: a branch of the lingular artery to the superior lobe, supplying the superior lingular segment. Called also superior lingular segmental artery.

arte´riae loba´res inferio´res pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  inferior lobar arteries of right lung: the branches of the right pulmonary artery that supply the inferior lobe of the right lung, consisting of the superior, anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal, and posterior basal segmental arteries.

arte´riae loba´res inferio´res pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  inferior lobar arteries of left lung: the branches of the left pulmonary artery that supply the inferior lobe of the left lung, consisting of the superior, anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal, and posterior basal segmental arteries.

a. loba´ris me´dia pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  middle lobar artery of right lung: the branch of the right pulmonary artery that carries blood to the middle lobe of the right lung, giving rise to the lateral and medial lobar arteries.

arte´riae loba´res superio´res pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  superior lobar arteries of right lung: the branches of the right pulmonary artery that carry blood to the superior lobe of the right lung, consisting of the apical, anterior, and posterior segmental arteries.

arte´riae loba´res superio´res pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  superior lobar arteries of left lung: the branches of the left pulmonary artery that carry blood to the superior lobe of the left lung, consisting of the apical, anterior, and posterior segmental arteries.

a. lo´bi cauda´ti  [TA]  artery of caudate lobe: either of two branches, one from the right and one from the left hepatic artery, supplying twigs to the caudate lobe of the liver.

arte´riae lumba´les  [TA]  lumbar arteries: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, posterior abdominal wall, renal capsule.

arte´riae lumba´les i´mae  [TA]  lowest lumbar arteries: origin, middle sacral; branches, none; distribution, sacrum, gluteus maximus muscle. Called also fifth lumbar arteries.

a. luso´ria  an abnormally situated retroesophageal vessel, usually the subclavian artery from the aortic arch, which may cause symptoms by compression of the esophagus, the trachea, or a nerve.

a. malleola´ris ante´rior latera´lis  [TA]  lateral anterior malleolar artery: origin, anterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, ankle joint.

a. malleola´ris ante´rior media´lis  [TA]  medial anterior malleolar artery: origin, anterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, ankle joint.

a. mamma´ria inter´na  a. thoracica interna.

a. margina´lis co´li  [TA]  marginal artery of colon; a continuous vessel running along the inner perimeter of the large intestine from the ileocolic junction to the rectum, formed by branches from the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and giving rise to straight arteries that supply the intestinal wall. Called also marginal artery of Drummond.

a. massete´rica  [TA]  masseteric artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, masseter muscle.

a. maxilla´ris  [TA]  maxillary artery: origin, external carotid artery; branches, pterygoid rami, and deep auricular, anterior tympanic, inferior alveolar, middle meningeal, masseteric, deep temporal, buccal, posterior superior alveolar, infraorbital, descending palatine, sphenopalatine, and the artery of the pterygoid canal; distribution, both jaws, teeth, muscles of mastication, ear, meninges, nose, nasal sinus, palate. Called also a. maxillaris interna and internal maxillary artery.

a. maxilla´ris exter´na  a. facialis.

a. maxilla´ris inter´na  a. maxillaris.

a. me´dia ge´nus  [TA]  middle artery of knee: origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint, cruciate ligaments, patellar synovial and alar folds. Called also middle genicular artery and a. genus media.

a. media´na  a. comitans nervi mediani.

arte´riae mediastina´les anterior´es  rami mediastinales arteriae thoracicae internae.

arte´riae mem´bri inferio´ris  [TA]  arteries of lower limb: the arteries supplying the thigh, leg, and foot, including the external iliac, femoral, deep femoral, popliteal, anterior and posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis, medial and lateral plantar, and fibular arteries.

arte´riae mem´bri superio´ris  [TA]  arteries of upper limb: the arteries supplying the arm, forearm, and hand, including the axillary, brachial, radial, and ulnar arteries.

a. menin´gea ante´rior  ramus meningeus anterior arteriae ethmoidalis anterioris.

a. menin´gea me´dia  [TA]  middle meningeal artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, frontal, parietal, and lacrimal anastomotic, accessory meningeal, and petrosal rami, and the superior tympanic artery; distribution, cranial bones, dura mater.

a. menin´gea poste´rior  [TA]  posterior meningeal artery: origin, ascending pharyngeal; branches, none; distribution, bones, dura mater of posterior cranial fossa.

a. menta´lis  ramus mentalis arteriae alveolaris inferioris.

arte´riae mesencepha´licae  [TA]  mesencephalic arteries: origin, basilar artery; branches, none; distribution: cerebral peduncle.

a. mesente´rica infe´rior  [TA]  inferior mesenteric artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, left colic, sigmoid, and superior rectal arteries; distribution, descending colon, rectum.

a. mesente´rica supe´rior  [TA]  superior mesenteric artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, inferior pancreaticoduodenal, jejunal, ileal, ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic arteries; distribution, small intestine, proximal half of colon.

arte´riae metacarpa´les dorsa´les  [TA]  dorsal metacarpal arteries: origin, dorsal carpal rete and radial artery; branches, dorsal digital arteries; distribution, dorsum of fingers. Called also arteriae metacarpeae dorsales.

arte´riae metacarpa´les palma´res  [TA]  palmar metacarpal arteries: origin, deep palmar arch; branches, none; distribution, deep parts of metatarsus. Called also arteriae metacarpeae palmares, arteriae metacarpeae volares, volar metacarpal arteries, and palmar intermetacarpal arteries.

arte´riae metacar´peae dorsa´les  arteriae metacarpales dorsales.

arte´riae metacar´peae palma´res ,  arte´riae metacar´peae vola´res  arteriae metacarpales palmares.

arte´riae metatarsa´les dorsa´les  [TA]  dorsal metatarsal arteries: origin, arcuate artery of foot; branches, dorsal digital arteries; distribution, foot, toes. Called also arteriae metatarseae dorsales.

arte´riae metatarsa´les planta´res  [TA]  plantar metatarsal arteries: origin, plantar arch; branches, perforating branches, common and proper plantar digital arteries; distribution, toes. Called also arteriae metatarseae plantares and common digital arteries of foot.

arte´riae metatar´seae dorsa´les  arteriae metatarsales dorsales.

arte´riae metatar´seae planta´res  arteriae metatarsales plantares.

arte´riae muscula´res  [TA]  muscular arteries: branches of the ophthalmic artery consisting of a superior group and an inferior group; the inferior group gives origin to the anterior ciliary arteries.

a. musculophre´nica  [TA]  musculophrenic artery: origin, internal thoracic artery; branches, none; distribution, diaphragm, abdominal and thoracic walls.

arte´riae nasa´les posterio´res latera´les  [TA]  posterior lateral nasal arteries: origin, sphenopalatine artery; branches, none; distribution, frontal, maxillary, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal sinuses.

a. na´si exter´na  a. dorsalis nasi.

a. nutri´cia  [TA]  nutrient artery: any artery that supplies the marrow of a long bone; called also a. nutriens [TA alternative] and medullary artery. See also nutrient vessels, under vessel.

arte´riae nutri´ciae fe´moris  [TA]  nutrient arteries of femur: origin, third perforating artery; branches, none; distribution, femur. Called also arteriae nutrientes femoris.

a. nutri´cia fi´bulae  [TA]  nutrient artery of fibula: origin, fibular artery; branches, none; distribution, fibula. Called also a. nutriens fibulae [TA alternative].

arte´riae nutri´ciae hu´meri  [TA]  nutrient arteries of humerus: origin, brachial and deep brachial arteries; branches, none; distribution, humerus. Called also arteriae nutrientes humeri [TA alternative].

a. nutri´cia ti´biae [TA] ,  a. nutri´cia tibia´lis  nutrient tibial artery: origin, posterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, tibia. Called also nutrient artery of tibia, a. nutriens tibiae [TA alternative], and a. nutriens tibialis.

a. nu´triens  TA alternative for a. nutricia.

arte´riae nutrien´tes fe´moris  TA alternative for arteriae nutriciae femoris.

a. nu´triens fi´bulae  TA alternative for a. nutricia fibulae.

arte´riae nutrien´tes hu´meri  TA alternative for arteriae nutriciae humeri.

a. nu´triens ti´biae  TA alternative for a. nutricia tibiae.

a. nu´triens tibia´lis  a. nutricia tibiae.

a. obturato´ria  [TA]  obturator artery: origin, internal iliac; branches, pubic, acetabular, anterior, and posterior branches; distribution, pelvic muscles, hip joint.

a. obturato´ria accesso´ria  [TA]  accessory obturator artery: a name given to the obturator artery when it arises from the inferior epigastric instead of the internal iliac artery.

a. occipita´lis  [TA]  occipital artery: origin, external carotid; branches, auricular, meningeal, mastoid, descending, occipital, and sternocleidomastoid rami; distribution, muscles of neck and scalp, meninges, mastoid cells.

a. occipita´lis latera´lis  [TA]  lateral occipital artery: origin, terminal, or cortical, part of posterior cerebral artery; branches, lateral occipital artery and anterior temporal, middle intermediate temporal and posterior temporal branches; distribution, anterior, medial, intermediate, and posterior parts of temporal lobe.

a. occipita´lis media´lis  [TA]  middle occipital artery: origin, terminal, or cortical, part of posterior cerebral artery; branches, dorsal corpus callosum, parietal, parieto-occipital, calcarine, and occipitotemporal branches; distribution, dorsum of corpus callosum, precuneus, cuneus, lingual gyrus, and posterior part of lateral surface of occipital lobe.

a. ophthal´mica  [TA]  ophthalmic artery: origin, internal carotid; branches, lacrimal, supraorbital, central artery of retina, ciliary, posterior and anterior ethmoidal, palpebral, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal; distribution, eye, orbit, adjacent facial structures.

a. ova´rica  [TA]  ovarian artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, ureteral, tubal; distribution, ureter, ovary, uterine tube. Called also tubo-ovarian artery or aortic uterine artery.

a. palati´na ascen´dens  [TA]  ascending palatine artery: origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, soft palate, wall of pharynx, tonsil, auditory tube.

a. palati´na descen´dens  [TA]  descending palatine artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, greater and lesser palatine arteries; distribution, soft palate, hard palate, tonsil.

a. palati´na ma´jor  [TA]  greater palatine artery: origin, descending palatine; branches, none; distribution, hard palate.

arte´riae palati´nae mino´res  [TA]  lesser palatine arteries: origin, descending palatine; branches, none; distribution, soft palate, tonsil.

arte´riae palpebra´les latera´les  [TA]  lateral palpebral arteries: origin, lacrimal artery; branches, none; distribution, eyelids, conjunctiva.

arte´riae palpebra´les media´les  [TA]  medial palpebral arteries: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, posterior conjunctival; distribution, eyelids.

a. pancrea´tica dorsa´lis  [TA]  dorsal pancreatic artery: origin, splenic; branches, inferior pancreatic; distribution, neck and body of pancreas.

a. pancrea´tica infe´rior  [TA]  inferior pancreatic artery: origin, dorsal pancreatic; branches, none; distribution, body and tail of pancreas.

a. pancrea´tica mag´na  [TA]  great pancreatic artery: origin, splenic artery; branches and distribution, right and left branches anastomose with other pancreatic arteries.

arte´riae pancreaticoduodena´les infe´riores  [TA]  inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries: origin, superior mesenteric artery; branches, anterior, posterior; distribution, pancreas, duodenum.

a. pancreaticoduodena´lis supe´rior ante´rior  [TA]  anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery: origin, gastroduodenal artery; branches, pancreatic and duodenal; distribution, pancreas and duodenum.

a. pancreaticoduodena´lis supe´rior poste´rior  [TA]  posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery: origin, gastroduodenal artery; branches, pancreatic and duodenal; distribution, pancreas, duodenum.

a. paracentra´lis  paracentral artery: origin, postcommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cerebral cortex and medial central sulcus.

arte´riae parieta´les ante´rior et poste´rior  [TA]  anterior and posterior parietal arteries: origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, anterior and posterior branches; distribution, anterior parietal lobe and posterior temporal lobe.

arte´riae parietooccipita´les  see rami parietooccipitalis arteriae cerebri anterioris and ramus parietooccipitalis arteriae occipitalis medialis.

arte´riae perforan´tes  [TA]  perforating arteries: origin, branches (usually three) of the deep femoral artery that perforate the insertion of the adductor magnus to reach the back of the thigh; branches, nutrient arteries; distribution, adductor, hamstring, and gluteal muscles, and femur.

arte´riae perforan´tes radia´tae  [TA]  perforating radiate arteries: small arteries that are continuations of the cortical radiate arteries and perforate the renal capsule.

a. pericallo´sa  pars postcommunicalis arteriae cerebri anterioris.

a. pericardiacophre´nica  [TA]  pericardiacophrenic artery: origin, internal thoracic artery; branches, none; distribution, pericardium, diaphragm, pleura. Called also superior phrenic artery.

a. perinea´lis  [TA]  perineal artery: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, perineum, skin of external genitalia. Called also a. perinei.

a. perine´i  a. perinealis.

arte´riae perirena´les  rami capsulares arteriae renalis.

a. perone´a  TA alternative for a. fibularis.

a. pharyn´gea ascen´dens  [TA]  ascending pharyngeal artery: origin, external carotid; branches, posterior meningeal, pharyngeal, and inferior tympanic; distribution, pharynx, soft palate, ear, meninges.

a. phre´nica infe´rior  [TA]  inferior phrenic artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, superior suprarenal; distribution, diaphragm, suprarenal gland. Called also great phrenic artery and diaphragmatic artery.

arte´riae phre´nicae superio´res  [TA]  superior phrenic arteries: origin, thoracic aorta; branches, none; distribution, upper surface of vertebral portion of diaphragm. Called also superior diaphragmatic arteries.

a. planta´ris latera´lis  [TA]  lateral plantar artery: origin, posterior tibial artery; branches, plantar arch and plantar metatarsal arteries; distribution, sole of foot and toes. Called also external plantar artery.

a. planta´ris media´lis  [TA]  medial plantar artery: origin, posterior tibial artery; branches, deep and superficial branches; distribution, sole of the foot and toes.

a. planta´ris profun´da  [TA]  deep plantar artery: origin, dorsal artery of foot; branches, none; distribution, sole of foot to help form plantar arch. Called also ramus plantaris profundus arteriae dorsalis pedis.

arte´riae pon´tis  [TA]  pontine arteries: origin, basilar artery; branches, none; distribution, pons and adjacent areas of brain. Called also rami ad pontem arteriae basilaris.

a. popli´tea  [TA]  popliteal artery: origin, continuation of femoral artery; branches, lateral and medial superior genicular, middle genicular, sural, lateral and medial inferior genicular, anterior and posterior tibial arteries, and the genicular articular and the patellar rete; distribution, knee, calf.

a. precunea´lis  precuneal artery: origin, postcommunical part of the anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, inferior precuneus.

a. prepancrea´tica  [TA]  prepancreatic artery: an arterial arch between the neck and uncinate process of the pancreas, formed by the right branch of the dorsal ramus of the splenic artery and a branch from the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery.

a. prin´ceps pol´licis  [TA]  principal artery of thumb: origin, radial artery; branches, radial of index finger; distribution, each side and palmar aspect of thumb.

a. profun´da bra´chii  [TA]  deep brachial artery: origin, brachial artery; branches, deltoid ramus, nutrient artery, medial and radial collateral arteries; distribution, humerus, muscles and skin of arm.

a. profun´da clito´ridis  [TA]  deep artery of clitoris: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, clitoris.

a. profun´da fe´moris  [TA]  deep femoral artery: origin, femoral artery; branches, medial and lateral circumflex arteries of thigh, perforating arteries; distribution, thigh muscles, hip joint, gluteal muscles, femur.

a. profun´da lin´guae  [TA]  deep lingual artery: origin, lingual artery; branches, none; distribution, tongue. Called also ranine artery.

a. profun´da pe´nis  [TA]  deep artery of penis: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, corpus cavernosum penis.

a. puden´da exter´na profun´da  [TA]  deep external pudendal artery: origin, femoral artery; branches, anterior scrotal or anterior labial and inguinal branches; distribution, external genitalia, upper medial thigh.

a. puden´da exter´na superficia´lis  [TA]  superficial external pudendal artery: origin, femoral artery; branches, none; distribution, external genitalia.

a. puden´da inter´na  [TA]  internal pudendal artery: origin, internal iliac artery; branches, posterior scrotal or posterior labial branches and inferior rectal, perineal, urethral arteries, artery of bulb of penis or vestibule, deep artery of penis or clitoris, dorsal artery of penis or clitoris; distribution, external genitalia, anal canal, perineum.

a. pulmona´lis  truncus pulmonalis.

a. pulmona´lis dex´tra  [TA]  right pulmonary artery: origin, pulmonary trunk; branches, of superior lobe: apical, anterior ascending and descending, posterior ascending and descending, of medial lobe: medial and lateral, of inferior lobe: anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal; posterior basal; distribution, right lung.

a. pulmona´lis sinis´tra  [TA]  left pulmonary artery: origin, pulmonary trunk; branches, of superior lobe: apical, ascending and descending, posterior, lingular (inferior and superior), of inferior lobe: superior, anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal, posterior basal; distribution, left lung.

a. radia´lis  [TA]  radial artery: origin, brachial artery; branches, palmar carpal, superficial palmar and dorsal carpal rami, recurrent radial artery, principal artery of thumb, deep palmar arch; distribution, forearm, wrist, hand.

a. radia´lis in´dicis  [TA]  radial artery of index finger: origin, principal artery of thumb; branches, none; distribution, index finger. Called also volar radial artery of index finger.

a. recta´lis infe´rior  [TA]  inferior rectal artery: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, rectum, anal canal. Called also a. haemorrhoidalis inferior and inferior hemorrhoidal artery.

a. recta´lis me´dia  [TA]  middle rectal artery: origin, internal iliac artery; branches, vaginal; distribution, rectum, prostate, seminal vesicles, vagina. Called also a. haemorrhoidalis media and middle hemorrhoidal artery.

a. recta´lis supe´rior  [TA]  superior rectal artery: origin, inferior mesenteric artery; branches, none; distribution, rectum. Called also a. haemorrhoidalis superior and superior hemorrhoidal artery.

a. recur´rens  a. centralis longa.

a. recur´rens radia´lis  [TA]  radial recurrent artery: origin, radial artery; branches, none; distribution, brachioradialis, brachialis, elbow region.

a. recur´rens tibia´lis ante´rior  [TA]  anterior tibial recurrent artery: origin, anterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, knee joint, contiguous fascia and skin.

a. recur´rens tibia´lis poste´rior  [TA]  posterior tibial recurrent artery: origin, anterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, knee.

a. recur´rens ulna´ris  [TA]  ulnar recurrent artery: origin, ulnar artery; branches, anterior and posterior; distribution, elbow joint region.

arte´riae recurren´tes ulna´res  see a. recurrens ulnaris.

a. rena´lis  [TA]  1. renal artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, ureteral branches, inferior suprarenal artery; distribution, kidney, suprarenal gland, ureter.  2. (pl.) arteriae intrarenales.

arte´riae re´nis  arteriae intrarenales.

arte´riae retroduodena´les  [TA]  retroduodenal arteries: origin, first branch of gastroduodenal; branches, none; distribution, bile duct, duodenum, head of pancreas.

arte´riae sacra´les latera´les  [TA]  lateral sacral arteries: origin, iliolumbar artery; branches, spinal branches; distribution, structures about coccyx and sacrum.

a. sacra´lis media´na  [TA]  median sacral artery: origin, continuation of abdominal aorta; branches, lowest lumbar artery; distribution, sacrum, coccyx, rectum. Called also caudal, coccygeal, or sacrococcygeal artery.

a. scapula´ris descen´dens  ramus profundus arteriae transversae cervicis.

a. scapula´ris dorsa´lis  1. a. dorsalis scapulae.  2. ramus profundus arteriae transversae colli.

arte´riae scrota´les anterio´res  rami scrotales anteriores arteriae pudendae externae profundae.

arte´riae scrota´les posterio´res  rami scrotales posteriores arteriae pudendae internae.

a. segmenta´lis ante´rior pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  anterior segmental artery of right lung: one of the branches of the right pulmonary artery to the superior lobe of the right lung, supplying its anterior segment; it gives rise to ascending and descending branches.

a. segmenta´lis ante´rior pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  anterior segmental artery of left lung: one of the branches of the left pulmonary artery to the superior lobe of the left lung, supplying its anterior segment; it gives rise to ascending and descending branches.

a. segmenta´lis apica´lis pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  apical segmental artery of right lung: one of the branches to the superior lobe, supplying its apical segment.

a. segmenta´lis apica´lis pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  apical segmental artery of left lung: one of the branches to the superior lobe, supplying its apical segment.

a. segmenta´lis basa´lis ante´rior pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  anterior basal segmental artery of right lung: one of the branches to the inferior lobe, supplying the anterior basal segment.

a. segmenta´lis basa´lis ante´rior pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  anterior basal segmental artery of left lung: one of the branches to the inferior lobe, supplying its anterior basal segment.

a. segmenta´lis basa´lis latera´lis pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  lateral basal segmental artery of right lung: one of the branches to the inferior lobe, supplying the lateral basal segment.

a. segmenta´lis basa´lis latera´lis pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  lateral basal segmental artery of left lung: one of the branches to the inferior lobe, supplying its lateral basal segment.

a. segmenta´lis basa´lis media´lis pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  medial basal segmental artery of right lung: one of the branches to the inferior lobe, supplying the medial basal segment.

a. segmenta´lis basa´lis media´lis pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  medial basal segmental artery of left lung: one of the branches to the inferior lobe, supplying its medial basal segment.

a. segmenta´lis basa´lis poste´rior pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  posterior basal segmental artery of right lung: one of the branches to the inferior lobe, supplying the posterior basal segment.

a. segmenta´lis basa´lis poste´rior pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  posterior basal segmental artery of left lung: one of the branches to the inferior lobe, supplying its posterior basal segment.

a. segmenta´lis latera´lis pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  lateral segmental artery of right lung: one of the two branches to the middle lobe, supplying its lateral segment.

a. segmenta´lis media´lis pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  medial segmental artery of right lung: one of the two branches to the middle lobe, supplying its medial segment.

a. segmenta´lis poste´rior pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  posterior segmental artery of right lung: one of the branches of the right pulmonary artery to the superior lobe of the right lung, supplying its posterior segment; it gives rise to ascending and descending branches.

a. segmenta´lis poste´rior pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  posterior segmental artery of left lung: one of the branches of the left pulmonary artery to the superior lobe of the left lung, supplying its posterior segment; it gives rise to ascending and descending branches.

a. segmenta´lis supe´rior pulmo´nis dex´tri  [TA]  superior segmental artery of right lung: one of the branches of the right pulmonary artery to the inferior lobe, supplying its superior segment.

a. segmenta´lis supe´rior pulmo´nis sinis´tri  [TA]  superior segmental artery of left lung: one of the branches of the left pulmonary artery to the inferior lobe, supplying its superior segment.

a. segmen´ti anterio´ris hepa´tici  [TA]  anterior segmental artery of liver: origin, right hepatic; branches, none; distribution, anterior segment of right lobe of liver.

a. segmen´ti anterio´ris inferio´ris rena´lis  [TA]  anterior inferior segmental artery of kidney: origin, anterior branch of renal artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior inferior segment of kidney.

a. segmen´ti anterio´ris superio´ris rena´lis  [TA]  anterior superior segmental artery of kidney: origin, anterior branch of renal artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior superior segment of kidney.

a. segmen´ti inferio´ris rena´lis  [TA]  inferior segmental artery of kidney: origin, anterior branch of renal artery; branches, none; distribution, inferior segment of kidney.

a. segmen´ti latera´lis hepa´tici  [TA]  lateral segmental artery of liver: origin, left branch of common hepatic artery; branches, none; distribution, lateral segment of left lobe of liver.

a. segmen´ti media´lis hepa´tici  [TA]  medial segmental artery of liver: origin, left branch of common hepatic artery; branches, none; distribution, medial segment of left lobe of liver.

a. segmen´ti posterio´ris hepa´tici  [TA]  posterior segmental artery of liver: origin, right hepatic; branches, none; distribution, posterior segment of right lobe of liver.

a. segmen´ti posterio´ris rena´lis  [TA]  posterior segmental artery of kidney: origin, posterior branch of renal artery; branches, none; distribution, posterior segment of kidney.

a. segmen´ti superio´ris rena´lis  [TA]  superior segmental artery of kidney: origin, anterior branch of renal artery; branches, none; distribution, superior segment of kidney.

arte´riae sigmoi´deae  [TA]  sigmoid arteries: origin, inferior mesenteric artery; branches, none; distribution, sigmoid colon.

a. sperma´tica exter´na  a. cremasterica.

a. sphenopalati´na  [TA]  sphenopalatine artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, posterior lateral nasal artery and posterior septal rami; distribution, structures adjoining nasal cavity, the nasopharynx. Called also nasopalatine artery.

a. spina´lis ante´rior  [TA]  anterior spinal artery: origin, intracranial part of vertebral artery; branches, none; distribution, spinal cord.

a. spina´lis poste´rior  [TA]  posterior spinal artery: origin, anterior inferior cerebellar artery (usually); branches, none; distribution, spinal cord.

a. sple´nica  [TA]  splenic artery: origin, celiac trunk; branches, pancreatic and splenic branches, prepancreatic, left gastro-omental, and short gastric arteries; distribution, spleen, pancreas, stomach, greater omentum. Called also a. lienalis [TA alternative].

arte´riae sternocleidomastoi´deae  see rami sternocleidomastoidei arteriae occipitalis.

a. stylomastoi´dea  [TA]  stylomastoid artery: origin, posterior auricular; branches, mastoid and stapedial rami, posterior tympanic artery; distribution, tympanic cavity walls, mastoid cells, stapedius muscle.

a. subcla´via  [TA]  subclavian artery: origin, brachiocephalic trunk (right), arch of aorta (left); branches, vertebral, internal thoracic arteries, thyrocervical and costocervical trunks; distribution, neck, thoracic wall, spinal cord, brain, meninges, upper limb.

a. subcosta´lis  [TA]  subcostal artery: origin, thoracic aorta; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, upper posterior abdominal wall.

a. sublingua´lis  [TA]  sublingual artery: origin, lingual artery; branches, none; distribution, sublingual gland.

a. submenta´lis  [TA]  submental artery: origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, tissues under chin.

a. subscapula´ris  [TA]  subscapular artery: origin, axillary artery; branches, thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular arteries; distribution, scapular and shoulder region.

a. sul´ci centra´lis  [TA]  artery of central sulcus: origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none: distribution, cortex on either side of central sulcus.

a. sul´ci postcentra´lis  [TA]  artery of postcentral sulcus: origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex on either side of postcentral sulcus.

a. sul´ci precentra´lis  [TA]  artery of precentral sulcus: origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex on either side of precentral sulcus.

a. supe´rior cerebel´li  [TA]  superior artery of cerebellum: origin, basilar artery; branches, none; distribution, upper cerebellum, midbrain, pineal body, choroid plexus of third ventricle. Called also superior cerebellar artery and a. cerebelli superior.

a. supe´rior latera´lis ge´nus  [TA]  lateral superior artery of knee: origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint, femur, patella, contiguous muscles. Called also lateral superior genicular artery and a. genus superior lateralis.

a. supe´rior media´lis ge´nus  [TA]  medial superior artery of knee: origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint, femur, patella, contiguous muscles. Called also medial superior genicular artery and a. genus superior medialis.

a. supraduodena´lis  [TA]  supraduodenal artery: origin, gastroduodenal; branches, duodenal; distribution, superior first part of duodenum.

a. supraorbita´lis  [TA]  supraorbital artery: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, superficial, deep, diploic; distribution, forehead, upper muscles of orbit, upper eyelid, frontal sinus.

a. suprarena´lis infe´rior  [TA]  inferior suprarenal artery: origin, renal artery; branches, none; distribution, suprarenal gland. Called also inferior capsular artery.

a. suprarena´lis me´dia  [TA]  middle suprarenal artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, none; distribution, suprarenal gland. Called also a. adrenalis media, middle capsular artery, and aortic suprarenal artery.

arte´riae suprarena´les superio´res  [TA]  superior suprarenal arteries: origin, inferior phrenic artery; branches, none; distribution, suprarenal gland.

a. suprascapula´ris  [TA]  suprascapular artery: origin, thyrocervical trunk; branches, acromial branch; distribution, clavicular, deltoid, and scapular regions. Called also a. transversa scapulae and transverse scapular artery.

a. supratrochlea´ris  [TA]  supratrochlear artery: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior scalp. Called also a. frontalis and frontal artery.

arte´riae sura´les  [TA]  sural arteries: origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, popliteal space, calf.

a. tarsa´lis latera´lis  [TA]  lateral tarsal artery: origin, dorsal artery of foot; branches, none; distribution, tarsus. Called also a. tarsea lateralis.

arte´riae tarsa´les media´les  [TA]  medial tarsal arteries: origin, dorsal artery of foot; branches, none; distribution, side of foot. Called also arteriae tarseae mediales.

a. tar´sea latera´lis  a. tarsalis lateralis.

arte´riae tar´seae media´les  arteriae tarsales mediales.

a. tempora´lis ante´rior  [TA]  anterior temporal artery: origin, insular part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of anterior temporal lobe.

a. tempora´lis me´dia  [TA]  1. middle temporal artery: origin, superficial temporal artery; branches, none; distribution temporal region.  2. intermediate temporal artery: origin, insular part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of temporal lobe between anterior and posterior arteries. Called also middle temporal artery.

a. tempora´lis poste´rior  posterior temporal artery: origin, insular part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of posterior temporal lobe.

a. tempora´lis profun´da ante´rior  [TA]  anterior deep temporal artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, to zygomatic bone and greater wing of sphenoid bone; distribution, temporal muscle, and anastomoses with middle temporal artery.

a. tempora´lis profun´da poste´rior  [TA]  posterior deep temporal artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, temporal muscle, and anastomoses with middle temporal artery.

a. tempora´lis superficia´lis  [TA]  superficial temporal artery: origin, external carotid; branches, parotid, auricular, and occipital rami, transverse facial, zygomatico-orbital, and middle temporal arteries; distribution, parotid and temporal regions.

a. testicula´ris  [TA]  testicular artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, ureteral, epididymal; distribution, ureter, epididymis, testis. Called also funicular artery.

arte´riae thalamostria´tae anterolatera´les  arteriae centrales anterolaterales arteriae cerebri anterioris.

arte´riae thalamostria´tae anteromedia´les  arteriae centrales anteromediales.

a. thora´cica inter´na  [TA]  internal thoracic artery: origin, subclavian artery; branches, mediastinal, thymic, bronchial, tracheal, sternal, perforating, medial mammary, lateral costal, and anterior intercostal branches, pericardiacophrenic, musculophrenic, and superior epigastric arteries; distribution, anterior thoracic wall, mediastinal structures, diaphragm. Called also a. mammaria interna and internal mammary artery.

a. thora´cica latera´lis  [TA]  lateral thoracic artery: origin, axillary artery; branches, mammary branches; distribution, pectoral muscles, mammary gland. Called also external mammary artery.

a. thora´cica supe´rior  [TA]  superior thoracic artery: origin, axillary artery; branches, none; distribution, axillary aspect of chest wall. Called also a. thoracica suprema and highest thoracic artery.

a. thora´cica supre´ma  a. thoracica superior.

a. thoracoacromia´lis  [TA]  thoracoacromial artery: origin, axillary artery; branches, clavicular, pectoral, deltoid, acromial rami; distribution, deltoid, clavicular, and thoracic regions. Called also acromiothoracic artery, thoracicoacromial artery, and thoracic axis.

a. thoracodorsa´lis  [TA]  thoracodorsal artery: origin, subscapular artery; branches, none; distribution, subscapular and teres muscles.

arte´riae thy´micae  rami thymici arteriae thoracicae internae.

a. thyroi´dea i´ma  [TA]  lowest thyroid artery: origin, arch of aorta, brachiocephalic trunk or right common carotid; branches, none; distribution, thyroid gland. Called also Neubauer's artery.

a. thyroi´dea infe´rior  [TA]  inferior thyroid artery: origin, thyrocervical trunk; branches, pharyngeal, esophageal, and tracheal rami, inferior laryngeal and ascending cervical arteries; distribution, thyroid gland and adjacent structures.

a. thyroi´dea supe´rior  [TA]  superior thyroid artery: origin, external carotid artery; branches, hyoid, sternocleidomastoid, superior laryngeal, cricothyroid, muscular, and anterior, posterior, and lateral glandular branches; distribution, thyroid gland and adjacent structures.

a. tibia´lis ante´rior  [TA]  anterior tibial artery: origin, fibular artery; branches, posterior and anterior tibial recurrent, and lateral and medial anterior malleolar arteries, lateral and medial malleolar retes; distribution, leg, ankle, foot.

a. tibia´lis poste´rior  [TA]  posterior tibial artery: origin, fibular artery; branches, fibular circumflex branch, peroneal, medial plantar, and lateral plantar arteries; distribution, leg, foot.

a. transver´sa cer´vicis  [TA]  transverse artery of neck: origin, subclavian artery; branches, deep and superficial rami; distribution, root of neck, muscles of scapula. Called also transverse cervical artery and a. transversa colli [TA alternative].

a. transver´sa col´li  TA alternative for a. transversa cervicis.

a. transver´sa facia´lis  a. transversa faciei.

a. transver´sa facie´i  [TA]  transverse facial artery: origin, superficial temporal artery; branches, none; distribution, parotid region.

a. transver´sa sca´pulae  a. suprascapularis.

a. tympa´nica ante´rior  [TA]  anterior tympanic artery: origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, tympanic cavity.

a. tympa´nica infe´rior  [TA]  inferior tympanic artery: origin, ascending pharyngeal; branches, none; distribution, tympanic cavity.

a. tympa´nica poste´rior  [TA]  posterior tympanic artery: origin, stylomastoid artery; branches, none; distribution, tympanic cavity.

a. tympa´nica supe´rior  [TA]  superior tympanic artery: origin, middle meningeal artery; branches, none; distribution, tympanic cavity.

a. ulna´ris  [TA]  ulnar artery: origin, brachial artery; branches, palmar carpal, dorsal carpal, and deep palmar rami, ulnar recurrent and common interosseous arteries, superficial palmar arch; distribution, forearm, wrist, hand.

a. umbilica´lis  [TA]  umbilical artery: origin, internal iliac artery; branches, deferential, superior vesical arteries; distribution, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, testes, urinary bladder, ureter.

a. urethra´lis  [TA]  urethral artery: origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, urethra.

a. uteri´na  [TA]  uterine artery: origin, internal iliac artery; branches, ovarian and tubal rami, vaginal artery; distribution, uterus, vagina, round ligament of uterus, uterine tube, ovary. Called also fallopian artery.

a. vagina´lis  [TA]  vaginal artery: origin, uterine artery; branches, none; distribution, vagina, fundus of bladder.

a. vertebra´lis  [TA]  vertebral artery: divided into four parts: the first or prevertebral part (pars prevertebralis), the second or atlantal part (pars atlantica), the third or transverse part (pars transversaria), and the fourth or intracranial part (pars intracranialis); origin, subclavian artery; branches, transverse part: spinal and muscular rami; intracranial part: anterior spinal artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery and its branches; distribution, muscles of neck, vertebrae, spinal cord, cerebellum, interior of cerebrum.

a. vesica´lis infe´rior  [TA]  inferior vesical artery: origin, internal iliac; branches, prostatic; distribution, bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, lower ureter.

arte´riae vesica´les superio´res  [TA]  superior vesical arteries: origin, umbilical artery; branches, none; distribution, bladder, urachus, ureter.

a. zygomaticoorbita´lis  [TA]  zygomatico-orbital artery: origin, superficial temporal; branches, none; distribution, lateral side of orbit.