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The Somali Republic, located in eastern Africa, covers an area of 637 660 km2.between latitudes 12° N and 1° 40' S and longitudes 41° and 51°E. It is bounded on the north by the Gulf of Aden, on the east and south by the Indian Ocean, on the south-west by Kenya, on the west by Ethiopia, and on the north-west by Djibouti.
Most of the country consists of dry, grassy plains, with a high mountain escarpment in the north, facing the coast. The highest peak in this range reaches 2 400 m. Only two main permanent rivers, the Juba and the Scebelli, water this dry land. Both have their source in the Ethiopian highlands, but only the Juba flows into the Indian Ocean, the Scebelli losing itself in swampy terrain.
The climate is hot with low rainfall, exceeding 500 mm only in the most favourable regions (south). The mean annual temperature varies with the location between 25° C and 28° C. In the north, 45° C can be reached during hot summer days, while the temperature can drop to just above 0° C in the mountain range.
The above information has been obtained from FAOForestry whom we acknowledge with gratitude.
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