Strangers to Us All Lawyers
and
Poetry

The World's Lawyer Poets
 

Albania

Andon Zako Cajupi
(1866-1930)
poet, translator, lawyer; born March 27, 1866 in Sheper, South Albania; patriot in the war with the Turks; died July 11, 1930 in Cairo, Egypt.

Argentina

Bernardo Vera y Pintado
(1780-1827)
lawyer, poet, author, journalist, playwright

Vicente López y Planes
(1784-1856)
statesman, poet, jurist [Wikipedia]

Juan María Gutiérrez
(1809-1878)
[See: S.H. Steinberg (ed.), Cassell's Encyclopaedia of World Literature (New York: William Morrow and Co., 1973)(rev. & enl., J. Buchanan-Brown); Philip Ward (ed.), The Oxford Companion to Spanish Literature (Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, Clarendon Press, 1978); Malcolm Bradbury, Eric Mottram, & Jean Franco, "American Literature," in The Penguin Companion to World Literature (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971)]

Belisario Roldan
(1873-1922)
lawyer, author, poet, playwright

Macedonio Fernández
(1874-1952) [Wikipedia]

José de Jesús Esteves
(1882-1918)
José Esteves was born in Aguadilla. He was a lawyer and served as a municipal court judge. He wrote three books of poetry: Versos y Plumas (Verses and Pens), Crisálidas, and Rosal de Amor (Rose of Love). He died in New York. [Wikipedia]

Luís Seoane
(1910-79)
lawyer, painter, illustrator, magazine founder and director, poet, and writer [Wikipedia]

Bernardo Canal Jeijóo

Rafael Antonio Bielsa
(1953- ) [Wikipedia]

Silvina Castellano
Lawyer, prize-winning poet, and writer [Silvina Castellano]

 Australia

Barron Field
(1786-1846)
Barron Field was born October 23, 1786. He became Supreme Court Judge, in Sydney, in February 1817. Field published one of the first books of poetry in Australia in 1819. (Other relevant works include: Barron Field's Memoirs of Wordsworth (Geoffrey Little ed.)(Sydney: Sydney University Press for the Australian Academy of the Humanities, 1975); Barron Field, First Fruits of Australian Poetry (Sydney: priv. printing, 1819); Barron Field (ed.), Geographical Memoirs on New South Wales (London: John Murray, 1825). Field was an amateur naturalist. [Poetry: The Kangaroo] [Wikipedia]

William Charles Wentworth
(1790-1872)
["Australasia"] [Wikipedia]

Gustavus A. Wicksteed
(1799- )

James Lionel Michael
(1824-1868)
[James Lionel Michael] [See generally, J. S. Moore, The Life and Genius of James Lionel Michael (1868)]

Daniel Henry Deniehy
(1828- )
[Life and Speeches of Daniel Henry Deniehy] [Daniel Deniehy]

Andrew Barton (Banjo) Paterson
(1864-1941) [Short History of A.B. (Banjo) Paterson] [Wikipedia]

Bernard Patrick O'Dowd
(1866-1953)
Bernard O'Dowd was born in Beaufort, Victoria on April 11, 1866 of Irish parents. He was educated in Victorian State school and obtained his B.A. and his law degree from Melbourne University. O'Dowd was an opponent of Federation and many of his satirical poems reflect his opposition. He was a journalist, public servant and for many years worked with the Victorian Supreme Court as a Librarian while maintaining his involvement in literature and politics. O'Dowd's collections of poetry include: Dawnward? (Sydney, 1903), reprinted in A Southern Garland (Sydney, 1904); The Silent Land, and Other Verses (Melbourne, 1906); The Poems of Bernard O'Dowd (Melbourne: Lothian. 1941). Reference sources: Hugh Anderson, Bernard O'Dowd (New York, 1968); Hugh Anderson, The Tocsin: Contesting the Constitution; 1897-1901 (includes poetry and prose by O'Dowd); W.H. Wilde, Three Radicals: Australian Writers and Their Work 20-28 (Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1969) [Selected Poems] [Poem: Australia] [Poems: Love's Substitute and Our Duty]

Robert Randolph Garran
(1867-1957)
Robert Garran was born in Sydney on February 10, 1867. He was educated at Sydney Grammar School and the University of Sydney and admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1891. Garran was appointed Secretary to the Attorney-General's Department in 1901 and during World War I served as Solicitor-General (1916) and in 1919 was named a member of the Australian delegation at the Paris Peace Conference. He was knighted in 1917 and appointed KCMG in 1920. He retired from his public duties in 1932 and took up a legal practice. Garran died on January 11, 1957 [Garran's autobiography is titled Prosper the Commonwealth (Sydney: Angus and Robertson, 1958)] [Wikipedia]

Lesbia Venner Harford
(1891-1927)
[Australian Dictionary of Biography][Wikipedia][Poems of Lesbia Harford]

Hugh Peden Steel
author of A Crown of Wattle (Sydney: Angus & Robertson, 1888)

Fred R. Barlee
Perth; occasional Green Bag contributor

Alexander Rud Mills
(1885-1964) [Wikipedia]

William Baylebridge
(1887-1942) [Wikipedia]

Lesbia Harford
(1891-1927)

Robert Gordon Menzies
(1894-1978)
Menzies was born December 20, 1894. He received his LL.M. degree from the University of Melbourne and was admitted to the Victorian Bar and High Court of Australia 1918, King's Counsel in 1929, Privy Councillor in 1937. He served as Prime Minister of Australia 1939-41 and 1949-66. He was Minister for External Affairs 1960-62. Menzies "light verse" is found in Afternoon Light: Some Memories of Men and Events (New York: Coward-McCann 1968) [Robert Gordon Menzies 1894-1978] [National Archives Factsheet] [Wikipedia]

[My thanks to Geoff Lehmann who alerted me to the fact that Menzies had written poetry and provided this interesting commentary on Menzies: "Robert Gordon Menzies was the longest reigning Australian prime minister. Menzies with his double-breasted suits and love of the British monarchy may be considered as having 'reigned.' Menzies was a great public speaker, and witty on a platform. A book of his wit was published. I seem to recall it was called "Afternoon Light." This contained some light verse as well as prose and which I read when preparing an anthology "Australian Comic Verse." I was rather disappointed as none of Menzies verse witticisms were good enough to use in the anthology. They were all a little ponderous. One of them—and I can't recall the actual verse itself—was a clerihew or the like about the professional American tennis player Sexias. You may recall that Sexias's name was pronounced to rhyme with audacious, but I don't recall what Menzies used for his rhyme. Menzies when he was an undergraqduate, or perhaps shortly after graduation, published some rather ponderous poems in unversity magazines or the like. This would have been in the 1910s. He went on to become a distinguished QC, participating in some important constitutional cases, before entering politics."]

Patricia Hackett
(1908-63)
Actress, director, poet and lawyer

John Jefferson Bray
(1912-1995)
Poet, jurist, scholar, chancellor of University of Adelaide; Chief Justice of South Australia (196701978); born in Adelaide, Australia on September 16, 1912; educated at the University of Adelaide, where he received an LL.B. in 1932, a second LL.B. in 1933, and an LL.D. in 1937; worked as barrister and solicitor from 1933 to 1957, and then Queen's Counsel from 1957 to 1967; his first collection of poetry was published in 1962 with other collections that followed. [Wikipedia]

Joyce Eileen Shewcroft
(1912-2001)
The following biographical sketch of Joyce Shewcroft is extracted from the Sydney Morning Herald, December 7, 2001:

Joyce Shewcroft . . . was the first female corporation lawyer in Australia . . . .

Joyce achieved many firsts: the first woman to complete the Barristers' Admission Board course, a founding member and one of the first presidents of the NSW Women Lawyers' Association, the first woman chair of a credit union and Australia's first female corporate lawyer for the then Australian Broadcasting Commission. Born in Sydney, Joyce was educated at Loreto in Kirribilli. . . .

At 15 she left school to help support her family. After business college, she joined the office of a solicitor who was also a grazier. Because he spent most of his time on his property, she was soon in charge.

By 1936, with a small contribution from an uncle, she had put her sister through school and medicine at the University of Sydney. She then enrolled in the Barristers' Admission Board course and found herself a tutor Nigel Bowen, who later became the first chief justice of the Federal Court.

Shewcroft sailed through the exams and was admitted as a barrister in 1945. That year she was appointed legal adviser to the ABC, a position in which she had been acting for some years.

She had many other interests besides the law. She was a founder of the St Thomas More Society. She wrote extensively and won public prizes for her poetry, and her friends John Thompson, Kenneth Slessor and Guy Howarth included her work in a book of modern Australian poets.

She studied part-time for an arts degree at the University of Sydney, graduating with honours in history, and completed a two-year playwrights' course with NIDA.

Shewcroft helped found the Women Lawyers' Association, was an early president and ensured that the association's research department provided information to the government on International Labour Organisation arguments on equal pay.

She was honorary legal adviser to both the Medical Women's Society of NSW and the Royal Academy of Dance.

Together with the late Stan Arneil, she founded the ABC Credit Union. She also helped found the ABC Staff Association and became a foundation director.

David Griffin
(1915-2004)
Soldier, lawyer, poet; at age 87 he had his first book of poetry published

John (Antill) Millett
(1921-    )
John Millett was born in 1921 and is by profession a lawyer and accountant; called to the bar in Australia, 1952 and has acted as a solicitor in New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland. He is a prolific poet, and served for some 24 years as editor, publisher, and legal advisor to Poetry Australia; awared the Australian Poetry Society Award, the Humanitas International, and the Ayshire Writers International Award. Millett's collections of poetry include: Last Draft (Wollongong: Five Islands Press, 2002), Come Down Cunderang (Berrima, NSW: South Head Press, 1986), The World Faces Johnny Tripod (Story Line Press, 1992), The Nine Lives of Big Meg O'Shannessy: Poems (Story Line Press, 1989), Iceman (Salmon River Press, 1999), Tail Arse Charlie (Berrima, NSW: South Head Press, 1982).

Geoffrey Lehmann
(1940-    )
Geoffrey Lehmann was born in Sydney, Australia in 1940. He graduated from the University of Sydney with a degree in arts and law. After practising as a lawyer and owning his own law firm, he lectured in taxation law at the University of New South Wales, and from 1990 to 2000 became a partner of Price Waterhouse, subsequently PricewaterhouseCoopers. He is currently tax counsel with PricewaterhouseCoopers in Sydney.

His published books of poetry include: The Ilex Tree (Australian National University Press, 1965)(with Les Murray), A Voyage of Lions and Other Poems (Angus & Robertson, 1968), Conversation with a Rider (Angus & Robertson, 1972), Extracts from Ross' Poems (Angus & Robertson, 1976), Selected Poems (Angus & Robertson, 1976), Nero's Poems (1981), Nero's Poems (Angus & Robertson, 1981), A Voyage of Lions (Angus & Robertson), Ross's Poems (Angus & Robertson), Children's Games (Angus & Robertson, 1990), Spring Forest (Faber & Faber, 1992)(1994); Collected Poems (William Heinemann Australia, 1997). Spring Forest (Angus & Robertson, 1992)(Faber and Faber, 1994) was short listed for the T.S. Eliot Prize in 1995. Lehmann has also edited and co-edited Australian poetry anthologies.

In addition to poetry, Lehmann has published a novel, has been the editor/co-editor of four anthologies of Australian poetry, including Australian Poetry in the Twentieth Century (Heinemann, 1991), and is the author of Australian Primitive Painters (University of Queensland Press), the co-author of Lehmann & Coleman,Taxation Law in Australia (a taxation text now in its 5th), and has published two volumes of children's fiction.

The publisher's blurb on the back cover of his Collected Poems notes that: "Geoffrey Lehmann is one of the foremost poets of his generation." [Wikipedia]

Piers Anthony David Davies
(1941- )
[See, Enis McIntire (ed.), International Who's Who in Poetry and Poets' Encyclopedia 132 (Cambridge, England: Melrose Press Ltd., 10th ed., 2001)]

Nicholas Paul Hasluck
(1942-    )
Nicholas Hasluck was born in Canberra in 1942. He worked in Fleet Street as an editorial assistant in the 1960s before returning to Australia to become a practicing lawyer in Perth. For a number of years he was Deputy Chairman of the Australia Council. Hasluck is a novelist and poet. His fiction works include: The Bellarmine Jug (winner of The Age Book of the Year Award in 1984), Our Man K, Truant State and The Country Without Music. He was recently appointed Chair of the Literature Fund of the Australia Council.

Hal Colebatch
(1945-    )
Journalist, political adviser, editor, author, solicitor and poet. Educated in Perth obtaining degrees in arts, law and jurisprudence from the University of Western Australia. Colebatch was admitted to law practice before the Supreme Court of Western Australia in 1981, and the High Court and Federal Court of Australia, in 1989. Colebatch has published several books of poetry, novels, a biography, and various policy monographs. His collections of poetry include: The Stonehenge Syndrome (Melbourne: William Heinemann, 1993); The Earthquake Lands (Australia: Angus & Robertson, 1990); Outer Charting (Australia: Angus & Robertson, 1985); In Breaking Waves (Melbourne, Australia, 1979); Spectators on the Shore: Poems (Sydney: Edwards & Shaw, 1975) [Hal Colebatch]

David Heilpern
(1951-    )
After completing his studies at law schools in Sydney and Canberra, Heilpern started practice with the Australian Government Solicitor and then went into private practise on the North Coast of New South Wales specializing in criminal law. He undertook high profile cases to prompt drug law reform and environmental awareness. Upon the creation of the law school at Southern Cross University, Heilpern became a senior lecturer in criminal law and eventually Deputy Head of School, Academic Programs Coordinator. In 1999 Heilpern was appointed as Magistrate of the Local Court of New South Wales, based in Dubbo. He is a Barrister and Solicitor at the High Court of Australia and has been admitted to practice in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. His books include: Rough Deal: Drug Laws in NSW (with Steve Bolt), Cases on Criminal Law (with Stanley Yeo) and Guilty Your Worship.

MTC Cronin
(1963-    )
MTC Cronin is a Sydney lawyer, poet and feminist. Her poetry published in over a 100 different journals, newspapers and anthologies. Her published collections of poetry include: Zoetrope: We See Us Moving (Australia, 1995); The World Beyond the Fig (Australia, 1998); Everything Holy (Balcones International Press, 1998); Mischief-Birds (Vagabond Press, 1999); Bestseller (Vagabond Press, 2001); Talking to Neruda's Questions (Vagabond Press, 2001); My Lover's Back~79 Love Poems (University of Queensland Press). Cronin worked in the 1990s in the field of law and more recently has been teaching literature and creative writing in the Department of Writing, Social & Cultural Studies at the University of Technology, Sydney. She is currently working on a Ph.D. which focuses on "poetry and law." Cronin lives in Enmore, Australia. [More Poems] ["Museworthy: The Law of Ears and Also Things Close"] ["Museworthy: Silence and its Answer"] [Autobiographies - Inventive Connections] [Wikipedia]

Dean Kalimniou
(1977-    ) [Wikipedia]

Laura Hughes
Laura Hughes's poem, "Judges of Jurisprudence: A Poetic Trilogy," appears in 4 Deakin L. Rev. 93 (1997-1998).

Austria

Sebastian Brant
(1458-1521)
Alsatian lawyer, poet and theologian who was born in Strasbourg in 1458; spent much of his life lecturing and writing in Basel; returned to Strasbourg in 1499; died in Strasbourg in 1521. [Wikipedia]

Heinrich Joseph von Collin
(1771-1811) [Wikipedia]

Karl Teutschmann
(1855-1928)
Lawyer, poet, essayist, and philosopher,

Anton Wildgans
(1881-1932)
Lawyer, journalist, educator, expressionist poet, dramatist and theater director

Oscar Jellinek
(1886-1949)

Bahamas

Marion Bethel
[source]

Michael Pintard

Bahrain

Ahmad Al-Shamlan
Sunni lawyer, pro-democracy leader, writer, poet, and lawyer

Bangladesh
Sultana Kamal
poet, lawyer and human rights activist [Sultana Kamal]

A. K. Faezul Huq
(1944- )
born in Calcutta [Wikipedia]

Barbados

H.A. Vaughan
(1901-    )
Vaughan "continued his education in England, where he studied law. He has been a member of the Barbados House of Assembly, but is now [as of 1972] a district magistrate on the island. His special interest is the history of Barbados, in which connection he is working on a biography of Sir Conrad Reeves. He published Sandy Land and Other Poems in 1945." [Lanston Hughes & Arna Bontemps (eds.), The Poetry of the Negro 1746-1949 407 (Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, 1951)]

Belarus

Francisak Benedykt Bahuševic

Belgium

Jacob van Maerlant
(c.1235-c.1291)
Flemish lawyer, historian, author, translator; considered one of the greatest Flemist poets of the Middle ages [Catholic Encyclopedia] [Wikipedia]

Cornelis de Bie
(1627-1715 (?)) [Wikipedia]

Julius Vuylsteke
(1836-1903) [Wikipedia]

Georges Raymond Constantin Rodenbach
(1855-1898) [Wikipedia]

Emile Verhaeren
(1855-1916)
Lawyer, author, poet, journalist, playwright. Verhaeren was educated at Ghent and Louvain. He lived for periods in Paris where he became part of a literary which included Mallarmé. [Wikipedia]

Maurice Maeterlinck
(1862-1949)
Flemish lawyer, philosopher, author, poet, playwright, journalist, Nobel prize [Nobel Prize for Literature, 1911] [Nobel Presentation Speech] [Biography and Writings] [Maeterlinck as Dramatist] [Wikipedia]

Charles Plisnier
(1896-1952)
novelist, short story writer, poet, essayist; trained as a lawyer. Plisnier helped found the Communist Party in Belgium and wrote for left-wing periodicals until he was evicted from the Communist Party. He disavowed the Party, converted to Catholicism and toop up literature. Plisnier's poetry includes: Prière aux mains coupées (1930)("Prayer With Severed Hands"); Fertilité du désert (1933)("Fertility of the Desert"); Odes pour retrouver les hommes (1935)("Odes to Meet Again With Men"); Sacré (1938)("Holy" or "Sacred"); Ave Genitrix(1943)("Hail Mother"). [Wikipedia]

Roger Goffin
(1898-1984)
Poet, novelist, historian and lawyer; early writer about jazz (his collection of poems, "Jazz Band," was published in 1922 with a preface by Jules Romains; also published, in 1932, a study about jazz, Aux Frontieres du Jazz); lived in the United States during WW II (1941-1945).

Jacques-Gérard Linze
(1925- )
Beligan poet and novelist was born in Liège. [Source: Jean-Albert Bédé & William Benbow Edgerton (eds.), Columbia Dictionary of Modern European Literature 480 (Columbia University Press, 2nd ed., 1980)]

Eddy Van Vliet
(1942-2002)

Belarus

Francišak Bahuševic
(1840-1900) [Wikipedia]

Belize

Raymond Barrow
(1920-2006)
Raymond Barrow served in Education, Customs, and Treasurey ministries of the government. He attended Wesley Shcool, and St. John's College.

Bolivia

Jose Ignacio de Sanjines
(1786-1864)
lawyer, patriot, author, poet, educator

Bosnia

Ajša Džemila Zahirović
Bosnia and Herzegovina writer, poet and lawyer

Botswana

Chuchuchu Nchunga Nchunga
lawyer, poet, singer, guitarist

Brazil

Gregorio de Mattos
(1613-1696)

Gregório de Mattos e Guerra
(1636-1695) [Wikipedia]

António José da Silva
(1705-1739) [Wikipedia]

Cláudio Manoel da Costa
(1729-1789)
lawyer, poet and revolutionary; associated with the Brazilian town of Ouro Preto (a historical city)

Jose da Natividade Saldanha
(1795-1830)
Afro-Brazilian poet, lawyer, nationalist

Luis Gonzaga Pinto Da Gama
(1830-1882)
[Source: Boris Fausto, A Concise History of Brazil 128 (Cambridge University Press, 1999)]

Antonio de Castro Alves
(1847-1871)
Alves was a journalist, poet, and playwright. He was born near Curralinho (now Castro Avles) on March 14, 1847. He studied law in Recife, Pernambuco, and Sao Paulo, but abandoned his studies for health reasons. He became intensely interested in the abolition of slavery and the final; establishment of a democratic national government in Brazil. His anti-slavery poems, "Voices from Africa" and "The Slave-Trader's Ship" had an influence in Brazil which was comparable to that of Uncle Tom's Cabin in the United States. Alves died in Salvador on July 6, 1871 of tuberculosis. [Wikipedia]

Celso Tertuliano da Cunha Magalhães
(1849-79)

Sylvio Vasconcelos de Silveira Ramos Romero
(1851-1914)
lawyer, poet, author, playwright, historian, educator, philosopher

Rodrigo Octávio
(1866-1944)
lawyer, poet, novelist, historian, essayist, legal writer

Jose Rodrigues de Carvalho
(1867-1935)
poet, lawyer, journalist

Adelmar Tavares da Silva Cavalcanti
(1888-1963)
Born in Reci, died in Rio de Janeiro; President of the Academia Brasileira de Letras (1948) [Wikipedia]

Rodrigo Octávio Filho
(1892-1969)
man of letters, poet, businessman, lawyer.

Paulo Menotti Del Picchia
(1892-1988)
Paulo Menotti Del Picchia was born in São Paulo on March 20, 1892. As a young boy, he moved to Itapira city, São Paulo State, where he undertook his schooling. He graduated from the Law School of São Paulo in 1913 and published his first book that same year. He took up the practice of law in Itapira and published a newspaper "O Grito." While in Itapira he published "Juca Mulato," a widely read poem. In 1922, joined by Mário and Oswald de Andrade, he became part of the Brazilian Modernist Movement. In 1982 he was named "Prince of Brazilian Poets."

Paulo Setúbal de Oliveira
(1893-1937)
Lawyer, writer, journalist, essayist, and poet. He was born in Tatuí. [Wikipedia]

Vinícius De Moraes
(1913-1980)
diplomat, lawyer, poet, lyricist; graduate of Oxford, and one-time Brazilian Vice Consul in Los Angeles [Wikipedia]

Humberto Teixeira
(1915-1979)
lawyer and poet from the Northeastern state of Ceará; in partnership with Luís Gonzaga launched the baião

Paulo Hecker Filho
(1926-    )
writer, poet, lawyer

João Chaves

Joao Evangelista
poet, guitar player, singer, and lawyer; Evangelista's son, Ary Barroso, was an influential pre-bossa nova composer in Brazil, and was also trained as a lawyer

Nei Lopes
(1942 (?)-    ).
writer, poet, and scholar, but a lawyer by training. Lopes is the author of over a dozen books including the Enciclopédia Brasileira da Diáspora Africana, the Dicionário Banto do Brasil, Guimbaustrilho e Outros Mistérios Suburbanos, and the history of samba, Sambeabá: o Samba que Não se Aprende na Escola.

Angela Maria Rocha de Biase
(Monica de Oliveira Moulin)(1949- )
[See, Enis McIntire (ed.), International Who's Who in Poetry and Poets' Encyclopedia 52 (Cambridge, England: Melrose Press Ltd., 10th ed., 2001)]

Aurea Domenech
Aurea Domenech is an artist, poet, and lawyer. She was born and raised in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She specializes in oil landscapes of local Brazilian scenes and has had exhibitions of her work in Brazil and in the United States. She is also a poet, having two books of poetry, Curto Tempo and O Pescador De Sombras ("The Fisherman of Shadows").

Couto Scheila
writer, poet, lawyer, painter, author of plays for children

Rosalvo Leomeu Vidal
lawyer, poet, journalist, artist

Thereza Christina Rocque da Motta
da Motta is a lawyer, English teacher, and translator of legal and literary works. She started writing poetry at an early age and together with a group of fellow poets at the Universidade Mackenzie, published several anthologies between 1980 and 1982. At the age of 25, she published her first book, Joio & Trigo. da Motta has been translating her own poetry, as well as others, into English since 1995.

Cyro de Mattos
de Mattos was born in the city of Itabuna, in the southern state of Bahia, Brazil. He is a lawyer, journalist, poet, and author of books for children. He has published seventeen books; including the following books of poetry: Cantiga Grapiúna, Lavrador Inventivo, Vinte Poemas do Rio and Viagrária.

:: Brazil has one of the only organized groups of lawyer poets that we've learned about: Sociedade dos Poetas/Advogados de Santa Catarina [Many thanks to Bill Mayo, at Indian Bay Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, who alerted us to the existence of the Brazilian group]

Bukina Faso

Frédéric Pacéré Titinga
[Source: Mary Fitzpatrick, Lonely Planet West Africa 198 (Lonely Planet Publications, 5th ed., 2002)]

Bulgaria

Georgi Sava Rakovski
(1821-1867) [Wikipedia]
[born Sabi Stoykov Popovich]

Burkina

Frédéric Pacéré Titinga
Manega, several miles North of Ouaga on the Pabré seminary road, is a center for African culture, established by the lawyer/poet Frédéric Pacéré Titinga. The village consists of an open-air sculpture park, ethnological museum, and mausoleum dedicated to the Mossi kings.

Burma

Maung Myint Thein
scholar, lawyer, poet; author of Whn at Nights I Stive to Sleep a Book of Verse (Oxford: Asoka Society, 1971)

Tin Aye Kyu (U)(pen name: Maung Hmaing Lwin), jailed in 1989 by the government which so ruthlessly and callously rules the country; this is the goverment that has kept Aung San Suu Kyi, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize under house arrest for over a decade

Cameroon

Adamou Ndam Njoya
(1945- ) [Wikipedia]

Canada

[We have not, to date, had an opportunity to fully document the growing list of historically significant and contemporary Canadian lawyer poets or develop separate web-pages for each of them. We hope to do so in the future.]

Marc Lescarbot (1570-1642)
[Wikipedia]

Michael Massey Robinson (1744-1826)

Levi Adams (1802-1832)
[Source: William H. New (ed.), Encyclopedia of Literature in Canada 9 (University of Toronto Press, 2002)]

Joseph-Édouard Turcotte (1808-1864)
[Wikipedia]


Georges- Étienne Cartier (1814-1873)
[Wikipedia]

John Hawkins Hagarty (1816-1900)
"Born inDublin on December 17, 1816, being the son of Matthew Hagarty. Educated at T.C.D., where he does not appear to have graduated. Went to Canada in or about 1834, and became a lawyer of note, eventually reaching the high position of Chief Justice of Ontario in 1878. He wrote a good deal of verse for the Canadian Press, especially The Maple Leaf of toronot, over the signature of 'Zadig.' See N.F. Davin's 'Irishman in Canada,' pp. 605, 606. He died at Toronto, April 27, 1900, aged 84."] [Source: D. J. O'Donoghue, The Poets of Ireland: A Biographical and Bibliographical Dictionary of Irish Writers of English Verse 177 (Dublin: Hodges Figgis & Co.; London: Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press, 1912)(Gale Research Co., reprint 1968)]

Joseph-Guillaume Barthe
(1818-1893) [Wikipedia]

Abraham S. Holmes (1821-1908)

Peter John Allan (1825-1848)

Daniel Carey (1829-1890)

Gonzalve Desaulniers (1836-1934)
[Source: William H. New (ed.), Encyclopedia of Literature in Canada 278-288 (University of Toronto Press, 2002)]

Pamphile Lemay (1837-1918)

Louis Honoré Fréchette (1839-1908)
[Wikipedia]


Alphonse Basile Routhier (1839-1920)

Nicholas Flood Davin (1840-1901)
[Wikipedia]

James David Edgar (1841- )
[American Virtual Biographies]

Patrick Buckley (ca. 1844- )
Irish parents; born at Halifax, Nova Scotia; author of two verse pamphlets, Pencillings by the Way and Rome] [Source: D. J. O'Donoghue, The Poets of Ireland: A Biographical and Bibliographical Dictionary of Irish Writers of English Verse 45 (Dublin: Hodges Figgis & Co.; London: Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press, 1912)(Gale Research Co., reprint 1968)]; George Frederick Cameron (1845-1885)(poet, lawyer and journalist)]

Pamphile Le May
(1837-1918) [Pamphile Le May]

Martin J. Griffin (1847- )
"Born of Irish parentage in St. John's, Newfoundland, August 7, 1847, and was educated at St. mary's College, Halifax, Nova Scotia. He was called to the bar in Halifax in 1868, and between 1869 and 1874 edited The Herald, and The Express there, besides writing for The Chronicle. He beame private secretary to the Dominon Minister in 1878, editor of the Toronto Mail in 1881, and Parliamentary Librarian, Ottawa, 1885. He is the author of various Poems, and is icluded in Oscar Fay Adams' 'Through the Year with the Poets,' Boston." [Source: D. J. O'Donoghue, The Poets of Ireland: A Biographical and Bibliographical Dictionary of Irish Writers of English Verse 173 (Dublin: Hodges Figgis & Co.; London: Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press, 1912)(Gale Research Co., reprint 1968)]

George A. Mackenzie
(1849- )

  "George A. Mackenzie," [photo in, John William Gavin (ed.), Canadian Poets 389 (Toronto: McClelland, Goodchild & Stewart, 1916)]

[on-line text]

Edward Douglas Armour
(1851-1922)

Robert Stanley Weir (1856-1926)
Robert Stanley Weir was born in Hamilton, educated in Montreal (qualifying in both law and teaching), and became a judge Recorder of the City of Montréal and later served on the Exchequer Court of Canada (now the Federal Court of Canada); served as a member of the Quebec Legislative Assembly; elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society) [Robert Stanley Weir] [Wikipedia]

William Douw Lighthall (1857-1954)
[Canadian Poems and Lays] [Canadian Songs and Poems] [Songs of the Great Dominion]

William Edwards Marshall
(1859-1923)

Thomas Brown Phillips Stewart (1865-1892)
Barrister and poet; left a part of his estate to establish a student library at Osgoode Hall, now the largest law library in Canada

Thomas White (1867-1955)
Canada's Finance Minister from 1911 to 1919; acting Prime Minister after World War I; newspaper man, law degree from Osgood Hall in 1899 but did not practice); Jean Charbonneau (1875-1960)

David Horton Elton (1877 - 1963)

Patrick Slater (1880-1951)

Arthur Long Dysart (1886-1964)

Alan Crawley (1887-1975)

Jack Higgins (1891-1963)

Arthur Stanley Bourinot (1893-1969)
[Source: William H. New (ed.), Encyclopedia of Literature in Canada 144 (University of Toronto Press, 2002)]

Arthur S. Bourinot
[photo in, John William Gavin (ed.), Canadian Poets 463 (Toronto: McClelland, Goodchild & Stewart, 1916)]

 


Richard Augustus Parsons (1893- )

Wilfred Heighington (1897-1945)
[Wikipedia]


Francis Reginald Scott (1899-1985)
[F.R. Scott
] [Frank Scott] [Wikipedia]

Alain Grandbois (1900-1975)
[Wikipedia]


Ronald Gilmour Everson (1903-1992)

Abraham Moses Klein (1909-1972)
[Wikipedia]
[A.M. Klein]

Donald William MacFarlane (1921-2001)

John R. Leach (1922- )(author of a collection of poems, Lifestream (1996); born in Enland and grew up there; graduated in law from Manchester University in 1948; emigrated to Canada in 1954 and is now a Canadian citizen; joined Shell Oil Company as a lawyer in 1956; retired in 1977 after serving two years a General Solicitor of the company; private law practice in Toronto from 1977 to 1982; gave up the practice of law in 1982 to write; first book, a novel, Then, Now and Maybe was published in 1986; began writing poetry in the mid-1980s; in 1997 moved to Chisholm Township

John Bishop Ballem
(1925- )
Novelist & poet; Calgary, Alberta [See, Enis McIntire (ed.), International Who's Who in Poetry and Poets' Encyclopedia 31 (Cambridge, England: Melrose Press Ltd., 10th ed., 2001)]

Pierre Perrault (1927- )

Charles Roach (1933- )
Trinidadian-Canadian; civil rights and immigration lawyer; author of Root for the Ravens: Poems for Drum and Freedom (Toronto: NC Press, 1977)

James Clarke (1934- )

Dugald Ervine Christie (1940-2006)

Gary Botting (1943- )
[Poems — Legal Studies Forum] [Gary Botting]


Marlene Nourbese Philip (1947- )

Eva Van Loon (1948- )
van Loon, who now now writes under the name Kaimana Wolff, was born in the Netherlands, June 29, 1948. She was called to the Bar in British Columbia,September 25, 1985, and to the Yukon Bar, in 1986. She became what is sometimes called a "holistic lawyer" in 1997. After her marriage failed in 1998, she took up residence for a sabbatical in Hawaii. In Hawaii, here legal activities are restricted to mediation, legal counselling, and helping a lawyer friend with her caseload. In Canada, van Loon's areas of legal practice include mediation, wills and trusts, and estate litigation. van Loon has self-published eleven chapbooks, including poetry volumes entitled: Cured of Kings, Chaos in the Garden, How I Died, Ich Bin Ein New Yorker, and The Power of Water. She is also the author of a novel, Broken Sleep (Trafford Publishing, 2005). She is a member of the Maui Live Poets' Guild and joins other informal groups for poetry readings. van Loon is also a writer of fiction.

Guy Gavriel Kay
(1954- )
Guy Kay was born in Weyburn, Saskatchewan and raised in Winnipeg. He obtained his BA degree from the University of Manitoba in 1975, and his law degree from the University of Toronto in 1978 and practiced law in 1981-1982. In 1974-75, he assisted Christopher Tolkien with the editing of J.R.R. Tolkien's The Silmarillion. His writing is primarily in the genre of fantasy fiction. Kay's Beyond This Dark House: Poems was published in 2003 by Penguin Canada.

John Kleefeld
(1954- )
Lawyer/mediator/teaches law at the University of British Columbia; his poem, "Boilerplate," appears in The Dalhousie Review (vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 132-133)(2005) [University of Waterloo (B.A., Hons. Econ., 1991); University of British Columbia (LL.B., 1998); Osgoode Hall Law School (LL.M., 2002)]

Brenda Niskala
(1955- )

Nancy Jane Bullis
(1956- )

John Skapski
John Skapski is a Richmond, British Columbia lawyer/fisherman/poet. His collection of poetry is titled Tides at the Edge of the Senses: New and Selected Poems (Libros Libertad, 2007) and he is the author of an account of his days as a commerical fisherman, Green Water Blues (Harbour Publishing, 1978).

Michael Penny
Michael Penny was born in Australia, but moved to Canada as a teenager. He received his B.A. and LL.B from was the University of Alberta and his M.A. from the University of New Mexico. He has served on the Boards of the Writers Guild of Alberta and the Edmonton Arts Council, and is currently on the Executive of NeWest Press. He makes his living as a lawyer, most recently as Counsel at the Law Society of Alberta. Penny is the author of two books of poetry, My Chimera (BuschekBooks, 2006) and Completing the Kora (La so so la Press, 2006)

Paul Sanderson
Paul Sanderson majored in Political Science and History at Glendon College, York University and then earned his law degree at Osgoode Hall, York University in 1981. He became a member of the Ontario Bar in 1983, and is now senior lawyer in the firm Sanderson Taylor which specializes in arts and entertainment law. His volunteer work includes: co-founder of Artist Legal Advice Services (ALAS), Canada's first and only summary advice legal service offering free legal advice for all artists; and membership on boards of arts service organizations, including the Scarborough Arts Council, the Music Gallery and the Advisory Board for the Humber College Jazz Program. Sanderson is a frequent guest speaker on the legal aspects of the music and art, and has lectured at the Trebas Institute. He has authored legal texts on "Musicians and the Law in Canada" and "Model Agreements for Visual Artists," and has published in numerous legal journals. Sanderson's poetry has appeared in Tower, Zygote and the White Wall Review.

Tom MacInnes

Michael Shain
born in Toronto in 1956; obtained his B.A. at the University of Toronto, an M.A. at Concordia University, and his law degree fron the University of Windsor; has lived on Manitoulin Island since 1990 where he directs a legal clinic on the Sucker Creek First Nations; his work is included in Northern Prospects: An Anthology of Northeastern Ontario Poetry (Your Scrivener Press, 1998)(Roger Nash ed.).

Paul McLaughlin
Paul McLaughlin is the author of Welcome to Reality: A New Lawyer's Guide to Success.

Reid Cooper
Ottawa-born lawyer; a lawyer with the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade; poetry has appeared in the Carleton Literary Review

Meredith Quartermain
[Poems: East Village Poetry Web] [A review of Miriam Nichols (ed.), Even on Sunday: Essays, Readings, and Archival Materials on the Poetry and Poetics of Robin Blaser]

Leslie Hall Pinder

Alphonse Lanza
Poet/lawyer; lives in Hamilton, Ontario; first publication appears in The Antigonish Review 105.

Kathleen Fisher

Michael Penny

Bernie Malach
North Van lawyer, sculptor and poet

John Hoben
John Hoben was raised in Musgrave Harbour, a small fishing community on the north-east coast of Newfoundland. He attended Memorial University of Newfoundland and the University of Western Ontario, and worked as a teacher and lawyer in Ontario and Newfoundland. His poems have been published in various collections. He currently lives in Torbay.

Peter V. Gilchrist
Peter Gilchrist lives in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; lawyer and claims consultant for professional liability insurers; resumed the writing of poetry again in 2002 after a hiatus of a good many years; poetry has appears in Reconnaitre Magazine, Saucy Vox Review, Literati, and Worm.

Michael Hoosein
Michael Hoosein is an Edmonton lawyer and poet.

Joseph A. Farina
Joseph Farina is the author of a collection of poems, The Cancer Chronicles: A Parent's Journey (Serengeti Press, 2006)(a lawyer's account, in verse, of his son's struggle with Hodgkin's Lymphoma—a form of cancer)

Lazar Sarna
Lazar Sarna was born in Montreal, Canada, where he now practices law. He is the author of the following poetry collections: The Singsong (1968), Mystics on a Picnic (Hillel, 1972), Letters of State (Porcupine's Quill, 1978), He Claims He Is the Direct Heir (Porcupine's Quill, 2005). Sarna is also the author of a novel, The Man Who LIved Near Nelliga.

Peter Fruchter
Peter Fruchter teaches at York University (part-time). He obtained his undergraduate degree at the University of Waterloo and studied law at York University's Osgoode Hall Law School. Ie was called to the Ontario bar in 1991 and took up the practice of law from which he has now abandoned. Fruchter lives in Toronto.

Cape Verde (Republic of)

Baltasar Lopes
lawyer, educator, and writer, poet [Cape Verde map] ["The Republic of Cape Verde consists of nine inhabited and several uninhabited volcanic islands off the western coast of Africa." Consular Information Sheet]

Chile

Juan Egana Risco
(1769-1836)
journalist, author, lawyer, poet

Columbia

Jose Fernandez de Madrid
(1789-1830)
physician, author, journalist, poet, lawyer, playwright

José Manuel Marroquín
(1827-1908)
Lawyer, poet, Vice President of Colombia (1898-1904) [Wikipedia]

Ismael Enrique Arciniegas
(1865-1938)

José Eustasio Rivera
(1888-1928)
Poet and novelist, but a lawyer by profession. His writings include Tierra de promisión (1921)("The Promised Land"), sonnets portraying the beauty of the Colombian tropics and a novel, La vorágine (1924)("The Vortex"), which focuses on the exploitation of rubber collectors in the upper Amazon jungle. Rivera had first-hand knowledge of the jungle from his appointment to a government commission to settle a boundary dispute between Colombia and Venezuela. During his work on the commission he traveled in the Amazon region, explored the Orinoco River, and lived with Indians in the region. [Source: Encyclopedia Britannica Online] [Wikipedia]

Elkin Restrepo
(1942-    )
Poet, designer and engraver; born in Medellin in 1942; winner of the 1968 National Poetry Prize Vanguardia, El Siglo with his book Bla, bla, bla; author of La sombra de otros lugares (1973); Memorias del mundo (1974); Lugar de invocaciones (1977); La palabra sin reino (1982); Retratos de artistas (1983); Fábulas (1991); Sueños (1993); Absorto escuchando el cercano canto de sirenas (1985) and La Dádiva (1991); teaches literature at the University of Antioquia; co-founder and co-director of the Acuarimantima Magazine and co-director of the Magazine Poesía. He has also authored:

Miguel Mendez Camacho
(1942-    )
Born in Cúcuta, Colombia. Camacho is a poet, lawyer, journalist, diplomat and university professor. His published poetry books include: Los golpes ciegos (1968) and Poemas de entre-casa (1971) and two books of chronicles and interviews: Papeles (1978) and Perfil y palote (1983). A collection of his poetry was published as Instrucciones para la nostalgia.

Luis Eduardo Gutiérrez
(1954-    )
Born in Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia. Gutiérrez is a poet, lawyer, and works for the newspaper El Nuevo Día of Ibagué. He is co-director of the Poetry Workshop of the Library Darío Echandía of the Banco de la Republica of Ibagué. His book of poetry, Perseguidos por el cielo was published in 1995.

Chile

Juan Egana Risco
(1769-1836)
Patriot, journalist, author, lawyer, poet

Andrés Bello
(1781-1865)
Poet, legislator, educator, jurist, diplomat, and philologist; born in Venezuela, but became a citizen of Chile in 1832. In 1842, he founded the University of Chile becoming its Dean for the rest of his life. Bello wrote and published books on law and philology, as well as his poetry. [Wikipedia]

Armando Uribe
lawyer and poet; in 2004 was the winner of the National Prize for literature, the most prestigious literary prize in Chile; author of De Muerte

China

Zhou Quoqiang
lawyer, poet, and human rights activist

He Li
He Li received his A.B. degree from Beijing University in 1995, his M.A degree from the University of California, Berkeley in 1999, and his J.D. degree from Yale Law School in 2003. He is now with Davis Polk & Wardwell in their Corporate Department in Hong Kong. [Source: Wikipedia & Davis Polk & Wardwell]

Columbia

Jose Fernandez de Madrid
(1789-1830)
President, physician, author, journalist, poet, lawyer, playwright

Jose Eusebio Caro Iboyez
(1817-1853)
poet, lawyer, author, journalist, philosopher

José Manuel Marroquín
(1827-1908)
Lawyer, poet, Vice President of Colombia (1898-1904)

Fernando María Guerrero
(1873-1929) [Fernado Guerrero] [Wikipedia]

Jorge Artel
(1909-1994)
Artel was a journalist, secretary of the University of Panamá, and a member of the "literary generation" know as Piedra y Cielo; composer of "black poetry."
[Source: Hortensia Ruiz Del Vizo, Black Poetry of the Americas (A Bilingual Anthology) 96 (Miami: Ediciones Universal, 1972)]

Elkin Restrepo
(1942- )
Elkin Restrepo was born in Medellin in 1942. He is poet, designer and engraver. In 1968 he won the National Poetry Prize Vanguardia, El Siglo with his book Bla, bla, bla. He has published the following: La sombra de otros lugares (1973); Memorias del mundo (1974); Lugar de invocaciones (1977); La palabra sin reino (1982); Retratos de artistas (1983); Absorto escuchando el cercano canto de sirenas (1985), La Dádiva (1991), Fábulas (1991)(prose) and Sueños (1993)(prose).He is Lawyer of the University of Antioquia, and Regular Professor of Literature at the same university. He was co-founder and co-director of the Acuarimantima Magazine and is co-director of the Poesía and DESHORA. Restrepo's poems and other texts have been translated into English, French, Russian, and Hebrew. [From: bio, International Poetry Festival, Medellin]

Miguel Mendez Camacho
(1942- )
Camacho was born in Cúcuta, Colombia, in 1942. He is poet, lawyer, journalist and university professor in different branches. He was counseling Minister of the embassy of Colombia in Buenos Aires. He has published two poetry books: Los golpes ciegos (1968) and Poemas de entre-casa (1971) and two books of chronicles and interviews: Papeles (1978) and Perfil y palote (1983). Instrucciones para la nostalgia collects some of his published poems.

Luis Eduardo Gutiérrez
(1954- )
Luis Eduardo Gutiérrez was born in Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia, in 1954. He is poet and lawyer. He works for the newspaper El Nuevo Día of Ibagué and is co-director of the Poetry Workshop of the Library Darío Echandía of The Banco de la Republica of Ibagué. His collection of poetry Perseguidos por el cielo in 1995. His work has appeared in the magazines Luna Nueva, Hojas Sueltas and Tiempo de Palabra, among others. [From: bio, International Poetry Festival in Medellin website-no longer posted]

Costa Rica

Alberto F. Cañas
(1921- )

Crimea

Numan Celebi Cihan
(1885-1918)
first president of independent Crimea; lawyer, poet and writer

Croatia

Ivan Mažuranic
(1814-1890)
lawyer, poet, author, mathematician, astronomer, journalist [Wikipedia]

Vladimir Vidric
(1875-1909) [Wikipedia]

Radovan Tadej
Rijekan lawyer, poet, former deputy major, author of In Search of the Lost People of Zlobin

Cuba

Prudencio de Hechavarria
(1724-1790)

José Victoriano Bentancourt
(1813-1875)
lawyer, editor, journalist, and poet
[See: Donald E. Herdeck (ed.), Caribbean Writers: A Bio-Bibliographical-Critical Encyclopedia (Washington: Three Continents Press, 1979)(Vol. 4); Philip Ward (ed.), The Oxford Companion to Spanish Literature (Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, Clarendon Press, 1978)]

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes
(1819-1873) [Wikipedia]

José Agustín Quintero
(1829-1885) [Wikipedia]

José Martí
(1853-1895)
Renowned Cuban man of letters, poet, journalist, orator, lawyer and philosopher; Martí died in battle in 1895, in the early days of the war of independence. "Between 1878 and 1895, there were other unsuccessful attempts at revolution. The most important figure at this time was the lawyer, poet, and journalist José Martí, whose writings and organizational activities among the Cubans living in the United States in the 1870s and 1880s propelled the revolution to the point where it could make a successful bid for independence." [Source: Cubans: Their History and Culture] [Wikipedia]

Alfredo Zayas y Alfonso
1861-1934)
Lawyer, poet, prosecutor, judge, mayor of Havana, Secretary of the Constitutional Convention; served in Cuba's Senate, and was Vice-President from 1908-1913, and then President of Cuba from 1921 to 1925. [Wikipedia]

Rubén Martínez Villena
(1899-1934)

Rafael Estenger y Neuling (1899-1983)
lawyer, poet journalist [See Daniel C. Maratos & Marnesba D. Hill, Cuban Exile Writers: A Biobibliographic Handbook (Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press, 1986); Donald E. Herdeck (ed.), Caribbean Writers: A BioBibliographical-Critical Encyclopedia (Washington: Three Continents Press, 1979)(Vol. 4)]

Wifredo Albanes Peña
Wifredo Albanes Peña was a lawyer, politician, and poet. He was born in Holguin, Oriente Province, Cuba and held various appointed and elected posts within the national government, including President of the Cuban Senate and Minister fo the Interior. He served as Senator from Oriente Province, and as Counselor and member of the Council of Counselors, which was the name given to the President's Cabinet under Batista in the 1950s. He was, reputedly, a Renaissance man, having knowledge of a variety of subjects.

Nicolás Guillén
(1902-1980 [Wikipedia]

Dulce María Loynaz
(1902-1997)
Born in Havana, Cuba; became a lawyer in 1927 (retiring in 1961); she was elected to the National Academcy of Arts and Letters (1951), the Cuba Academy of Spanish Lanugae (1959), and the Royal Academcy of the Spanish Language (1968). She won the Cervantes Prize in 1992. Her brother, Enrique Loynaz Munoz (1904-1966) was also a poet. [Source: Marjorie Agosín, These Are Not Sweet Girls: Latin American Women Poets 22 (White Pine Press, 1994)][See: Dulce María Loynaz, A Woman in Her Garden: Selected Poems of Dulce Maria Loynaz (Buffalo, New York: White Pine Press, 2002)(Judith Kerman trans.); Poems Without Name (Havana, Cuba: Ediciones ARTEX, 1993)(Harriet De Onís trans.]

José Lezama Lima
(1910-1976)

Cuadra Landrove
(1931- )
activist poet and government lawyer; an opponent of Batista's pre-Castro regime; critical of Castro's government he was charged with andsentenced to fifteen years in prison (1967-82); now in exile in Miami; see Angel Cuadra: The Poet in Socialist Cuba (University Press of Florida, 1994)(Warren Hampton ed.)

Maria Esther Ortiz
(1936- )
art critic, poet, lawyer

José Sánchez-Boudy
"[B]orn in Havana, Cuba. He is a lawyer and author of more than fifteen volumes. His writings deal with many literary genres: poetry, novels, the threater, essays, short stories . . . . His book, Rimo de solá (Aquí como allá) opened the way for the creation of a school of black poetry in the Cuban exile." [Hortensia Ruiz Del Vizo, Black Poetry of the Americas (A Bilingual Anthology) 64 (Miami: Ediciones Universal, 1972)]

Jack Rojas
Author of Tambor sin cuero, doctorate from the University of Madrid in law and philosophy [Source: Hortensia Ruiz Del Vizo, Black Poetry of the Americas (A Bilingual Anthology) 68 (Miami: Ediciones Universal, 1972)]

Anisia Meruelo González
González "was born in Cuba. She is a lawyer and holds a doctorate from the University of Florida State University." [Hortensia Ruiz Del Vizo, Black Poetry of the Americas (A Bilingual Anthology) 77 (Miami: Ediciones Universal, 1972)]

Maria Esther Ortiz
art critic, poet, lawyer

Cyprus

Antonis Constantinou Indianos
(1899-1968)

Czech Republic

Quirin Mickl
(1711-1767)

Karel Hynek Mácha
(1810-1836) [Wikipedia]

Pavel Hviezdoslav
(1849-1921)
Slovak poet, lawyer, translator, playwright, journalist [See: Stanislav Smatlaz, Hviezdoslav: A National and World Poet ( Bratislava, Obzor-Tatrapress, t. Nitrianske tlac., Nitra, 1969)]

Viktor Dyk
(1877-1931)
Czech poet, prose writer, playwright, politician, and lawyer [Wikipedia]

Denmark

Oscar Thorwald Johan Alpers
(1867-1922)
teacher, journalist, writer, poet, lawyer, judge [See: O.T.J. Alpers, Cheerful Yesterdays (London: Murray, 1928)(correspondence & reminescence)]

Jens [Janus] Djurhuus
The Faroese Literature Writers' Association website notes that Djurhuus "studied the classical languages and was influenced by Greek and Hellenistic culture. Graduated in Law in 1911 and practiced as a lawyer in Denmark and in the Faroe Islands. . . . [H]is first poem was published in 1901. . . . [I]n his best poems he makes the Faroese language sound as if it was one of the ancient classical languages. His first collection, 'Yrkingar,' was published in 1914 and was the first collection of poems in Faroese. As a translator his most important work is the translation of Homer's Iliad into Faroese." [Jens [or Janus] Hendrik Oliver Djurhuus, Yrkingar (Keypmannahavn (København), Hitt Föroyska Studentafelagið gav út, 1923)(8vo. 128, [4] pp. + frontispiece portrait of the author; 2nd ed., enlarged; first edition appeared in 1914)]

Dominican Republic

Felix Maria del Monte
(1819-1899)
lawyer, poet, playwright

Manuel de Jesus Galvan
(1834-1910)
statesman, poet, educator, lawyer, diplomat

José Francisco Peña Gómez
(1937-1998)
Educator, poet, lawyer, writer and political tactician, unsuccessfully sought the presidency of the Republic in 1990 and 1994, losing to former President Joaquín Balaguer. He again was the candidate of the PRD in 1996, losing this time to current President Leonel Fernández. Gómez died May 12, 1998.

Joaquín Balaguer
(1910-2002)
lawyer, poet, university law professor, diplomat, author; president of the Dominican Republic for six terms serviing for 22 years; Balaguer died on July 15, 2002 at a hospital in Santo Domingo.

Dutch (country unassigned)

Heinrich van der Haer
(1540- )
[Lawrence B. Phillips, The Dictionary of Biographical Reference471 (Philadelphia: Gebbie & Co. 1889)]

Dutch East Indies

Muhammad Iqbal
(1873-1938)
lawyer, poet, and philosopher
[See: Poems from Iqbal: renderings in English verse with comparative Urdu text (New York : Oxford University Press, 2004)(V.G. Kiernan trans.); Tulip in the Desert: A Selection of the Poetry of Muhammad Iqbal ([Montreal]: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2000)(Mustansir Mir trans.); Secrets of the Self: A Philosophical Poem (New Delhi: Arnold-Heinemann, 1978)(Reynold Alleyne Nicholson, trans.)]

East Prussia

E.T.A. Hoffman
(1776-1822)

Ecuador

José Joaquin Olmedo
(1780-1843)
lawyer, educator, poet, playwright

Remigio Crespo Toral
(1860-1939)
author, poet, journalist, lawyer, & educator. See generally, José María Vargas, Remigio Crespo Toral: El Hombre y la Obra (Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1962)(on the life of Toral, an Ecuadorean intellectual).

Carlos Alberto Arroyo Del Rio
(1893-1969)
Jurist, poet, member of the Ecuadorian Language Academy, politician from Guayaquil, becomes President of Ecuador in 1940. In 1941 there was a war with Peru, the southern part of the country was invaded and the Rio de Janeiro Protocol (1942) was imposed by force on Ecuador. Del Rio was removed from office during the Revolution of the May 28, 1944. In his book Bajo el Imperio del Odio (Under the Empire of Hate), Dr. Arroyo del Río presents his personal view of the events.

Jorge Carrera Andrade
(1903-1978)

Fabian Salgado Robayo
lawyer, poet, and writer

Cristina Reyes Hidalgo
Born in Guayaquil, she is a lawyer from UCSG (Universidad Catolica Santiago de Guayaquil). She completed her apprenticeship at the Court of Law and then worked for an attorney in Guayaquil. Contestant in the Miss World 2004 context; works as anchorwoman of the local newscast at TC Television. Hidalgo is also a poet.

Egypt

Aphrodito
Sixth-century Coptic lawyer and poet
[Discorus of Aphrodito: His Works and His World]

Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti
(1445-1505)
writer & poet, jurist, scholar, historian, biographer, grammarian and commentator on religious and poetic works; died in Cairo

Hifni Nassef
(1855-1918)
poet, jurist, researcher, Nassef was one of the leaders of Egypt's literary revival in the late 19th & early 20th century.

Muhammad Hafiz Ibrahim
(1872-1932)
Poet, journalist, translator, author; also a lawyer; served as an officer in the Egyptian army until his retirement in 1901. Hafiz poetry was devoted to nationalistic themes and he became director of literature (1911-1913) at the national library at Cairo.

Mahmoud Khairat
lawyer, poet, musician and sculptor

El Salvador

Juan Jose Canas
(1826-1900)
physician, poet, author, historian, diplomat, jurist, philosopher, politician. Author of the National anthem and diplomat to Chile (1875-77); member of Parliament, 1872.

Francisco Antonio Gavidia
(1864-1955)
author, philosopher, lawyer, poet, journalist

Hugo Lindo
(1917-1985)
diplomat, lawyer, bookstore and gallery owner, writer, poet

England

[Given sufficient time and energy we may someday devise biographical sketches, web resources, and bibliographical references for each of the names on the following working list of English lawyer/poets. My thanks to Marlyn Robinson at the Tarleton Law Library, University of Texas who provided the first names for this list.]

John Gower (1320/1330-1408); Thomas Occleve (circa 1370)[see See Cassell's New Biographical Dictionary 595 (London: Cassell Publishing Co., 1895)]; Thomas More (c.1477-1535); Nicholas Brigham ( -1559); Thomas Phaer (c.1510-1560)(lawyer and a physician; one of the first Englishman to translate Virgil); George Ferrars (1512-1579)(see: Lawrence B. Phillips, The Dictionary of Biographical Reference 385 (Philadelphia: Gebbie & Co., 1889); Walter Haddon (1514/15-1571); George Gascoigne (1525-1577); George Puttenham (c. 1529-1591); Thomas Norton (1532-1584); Thomas Sackville (1536-1608); Barnabe Googe (1540-1594); Thomas Newton (1542-1607)(lawyer, poet, physician); William Warner (1558 ? -1609); Gabriel Harvey (1543/1545-1630); Abraham Fraunce (c. 1558- 1633); Alexander Hume (1560-1609); Francis Bacon (1561-1626); John Ross (1563-1607); John Hoskyns (1566-1638); John Davies (1569-1626); Edward Hake (1566-1604); John Hoskyns (John Hoskins)(1566-1638); Thomas Campion (1567-1620); Sir John Davies (1569-1626); Richard Martin (1570-1618)[See Francis Godolphin Waldron, Sylvester Harding & Edward Harding, The Biographical Mirror 144-145 (S. & E. Harding, 1795)]; Robert Aytoun (1570-1638); Marc Lescarbot (1570-1642); John Dunne (1572-1631); Benjamin Rudyerd (Rudierde)(1572-1658); Laurence Anderton (1577-1620); Nathaniel Ward (1578-1652); Christopher Brooke ( ? -1628); Sir John Beaumont (1583-1627); Robert Aylett (1583-1655); John Ford (1586-1639); John Stephens ( - )(author of Satyrical Essayes Characters and Others (London, 1615)(author of a play titled "Cynthia's Revenge, or Menander's Extasy"); Abraham Fraunce (1587-1633); Richard Brathwait (1588-1673); William Brown of Tavistock (1590-1645); Mildmay Fane (1602-1666); Thomas Nicholas (1602-1668); Edmund Waller (1606-1687); Edward Hyde (Earl of Clarendon)(1609-1674); John Cleveland (1613-1658); Alexander Brome (1620-1666);John Hall (1627- ); Nicholas Hookes (1628-1712); John Dryden (1631-1700) [Poetry]; Thomas Flatman (1633-1688); Thomas Sahdwell (c. 1642-1692); James Harrington (1644-1693); Nahum Tate (1652-1715); Thaoms Shadwell (1642-1692); John Banks (c. 1653-1706); Stephen Harvey (1655-1707); Charles Hopkins (1664-1700); William Congreve (1670-1729); Nicholas Rowe (1674-1718); William Somerville (1675-1696); Edward Young (1683-1765); Giles Jacob (1686- 1744); Daniel Bellamy, the elder (1687- ); Lewis Theobald (1688-1744); David Thomas Morgan (c. 1695-1746); Francis Chute (1697–1745); Richard Savage (1698-1742/43); Christopher Brooke (? -1627/1628); Isaac Hawkins Browne (1706-1760); George Weller (1710-1778); William Whitehead (1715-1785); Gorges Edmond Howard (1715-1786); Henry Fielding (1717-1754); Sir John Hawkins (1719-1789); William Blackstone (1723-1780)[Wikipedia]; Theodosius Forrest (1728-1784);William Cowper (1731-1800) [poetry]; George Colman (the Elder)(1732-1794); Samuel Pegge (1733–1800); James Boswell (1740-1795); George Hardinge (1743-1816); William Jones (1746-1794); Walter Churchey (1747-1805); Jonathan Mitchel Sewell (1748-1808); Capel Lofft (1751-1824); William Roscoe (1753-1831)[Wikipedia]; Joseph Richardson (1755-1803); William Gifford (1756-1826); Thomas Le Mesurier (1756-1822)[Wikipedia]; French Laurence (1757-1809); John Mofitt (1758-1809); Christopher Emmet (1761-1788); John Thelwall (1764-1834); Walter Scott (1771-1832); William Battine (1765-1836); William Rough (c 1772-1838); Edward Atkyns Bray (1773- ); Robert Southey (1774-1843); James Smith (1775-1839); Thomas Frognall Dibdin (1776-1847); William Burt (1778-1826); Robert Grant (1779-1838); John Herman Merivale (1779-1844); John Bowdler (1783-1815); Barron Field (1786-1846); Bryan Waller Procter (1787-1874)[Wikipedia]; John Hughes (1790-1857); Stacey Grimaldi (1790-1863); Henry Montague Grover (1791-1866); John Hamilton Reynolds (1794-1852); Edward Smirke (1795–1875); Thomas Noon Talfourd [Talford] (1795-1854)(dramatist, lawyer, poet, orator, statesman, essayist);William Kennedy (1799-1871); Thomas Forbes Kelsall (1799-1872); Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859); George Moir (1800-1870); Charles Jeremiah Wells (c.1800-1879); Abraham Hayward (1801-1884); Samuel Carter Hall (1801-1889)[called to the Bar at the Inner Temple 1841; Poems published in 1850; founder and editor of the Amulet and editor of the New Monthly Magazine; established and edited the Art Journal]; Winthrop Mackworth Praed (1802-1839); Charles Robert Forrester (1803-1850); Capel Lofft (1806-1873); Walter Prideaux (1806-1889); Samuel Warren (1807-1877); Charles Rann Kennedy (1808-1867); John Francis Waller (1809-1894); Francis Hastings Charles Doyle (1810-1888); Martin F. Tupper (1810-1889); Alfred Domett (1811-1887); Thomas Osborne Davis (1814-1845); Philip James Bailey (1816-1902); Tom Taylor (1817-1880); Llexander Andrew Knox (1818-1891); Ernest Charles Jones (1819-1868) [Cambridge History of English and American Literature] [Ernest Jones] [Wikipedia]; Thomas Henry Gem (1819-1881); Isaac John Innes Pocock (1819-1886)[barrister, poet & dramatist; educated at Eton and Merton College, Oxford, (B.A., 1842); called to the bar November 19, 1847; author of "Franklin and Other Poems"]; Edward Vaughan Hyde Kenealy (1819-1880); Robert Pipon Marett (1820-1884); Abraham S. Holmes (1821-1908); William Digby Seymour (1822-1895)(born in County Galway, Ireland; called to the English Bar at Middle Temple in June, 1846); Q.C. in 1861); Richard Doddridge Blackmore (1825-1900)(schooled at Oxford and trained as a lawyer; abandoned his legal career due to ill-health; professor of classical literature; author of fourteen novels and several volumes of poetry); Frederick James Furnivall (1825-1910); George Meredith (1828-1909); Alexander Gilchrist (1828-1861); Arthur Joseph Munby (1828-1910) [short bio]; Sebastian Evans (1830-1909); Frederic Harrison (1831-1923); Charles Stuart Calverly (1831-1884); Vernon Lushington (1832-1912); Walter T. Watts-Dunton (1832-1914)[Wikipedia]; Richard Harris (1833- ); Edward Henry Pember (1833-1911); John Byrne Leicester Warren (1835-1895); Alfred Austin (1835-1913); William Schwenk Gilbert (1836-1911); Pamphile Lemay (1837-1918); Robert Spence Watson (1837- )L Charles Isaac Elton (1839-1900); Herman Charles Merivale (1839-1906); Louis-Honoré Fréchette (1839-1908); Alphonse Basile Routhier (1839-1920); Nicholas Flood Davin (1840-1901); William Cosmo Monkhouse (1840-1901);Richard Henn Collins (1842–1911); John Payne (1842-1916); William Reynell Anson (1843-1914); Douglas W. Freshfield (1845-1934)(mountaineer, writer, poet and geographer); Fred Edward Weatherley (1848-1929); Walter Herries Pollock (1850-1926); William Abdullah Quilliam (W.H. Quilliam)(1851-1932); Francis Burdett Money-Coutts (1852-1923)[selected poetry]; William Douw (1857-1954); Frederick William Waldebrand Pattenden (1857-1889); James Kenneth Stephen (1859-1892); Alexander Somers (1861- ) [solicitor in Manchester; born in Salford, of Irish parents]; Henry Newbolt (1862-1938); Allen Upward (1863-1926) [poet, lawyer, politician and teacher, a member of the Plymouth Brethern, pamphleteer for Irish Home Rule; his early Imagist work was edited by Ezra Pound][Allen Upward]; John S. Arkwright (1872-1954); John Buchan (Baron Tweedsmuir)(1875-1940); Patrick Slater (1880-1951); Herbert Ashley Asquith (1881-1947); J. Moulton Parry (1882- ); Frederick William Harvey (1888–1957); Alan Patrick Herbert (1890-1971); John Haines ( - ) [Gloucestershire solicitor; author of Poems (London: Selwyn & blount, 1921)]; (Arthur) Owen Barfield (1898-1997); Alain Grandbois (1900-1975); Arthur Frederic Brownlow Fforde (1900-1985); Richard Elwes (1901-1968); Christmas Humphreys (1901-1983); Joseph (Todd Gordon) Macleod (1903-1984); R(onald G(ilmour) Everson (1903-1992); Bryan Walter Guinness (1905-1992); A(braham) M(oses) Klein (1909-1972); Michael Albery (1910-1975); Roy Broadbent Fuller (1912-1991); Brian William Haines (1918- ) [See, Enis McIntire (ed.), International Who's Who in Poetry and Poets' Encyclopedia 220 (Cambridge, England: Melrose Press Ltd., 10th ed., 2001)]; Peter Anthony Grayson Rawlinson (1919-2006); Brian Monty Waltham (1925-2002)

John Anthony Robert (1935- )
[See, Enis McIntire (ed.), International Who's Who in Poetry and Poets' Encyclopedia 437 (Cambridge, England: Melrose Press Ltd., 10th ed., 2001)]


Geoffrey Hoffman (1937- )

James Barrie Stanley Townend (1938- )

Michael Baron ( - )

Arthur Gibson (1943- )

Richard Owen Pleader (1945- )

Marlene Nourbese Philip (1947- )

Fay Green (1954- )
[See, Enis McIntire (ed.), International Who's Who in Poetry and Poets' Encyclopedia 210 (Cambridge, England: Melrose Press Ltd., 10th ed., 2001)]

Yvonne Green (1957- )
Yvonne Green lives in London, Oxfordshire and Israel. She was born in England in 1957, read law at the London School of Economics, and was called to the Bar in England and New York. She practiced first in New York (Milbank Tweed Hadley & McCloy and The Legal Aid Society) and then in London (Inner Temple). She gave up her work as a commercial barrister in 1999 in order to focus on her poetry. Green has published in Poetry Review, Modern Poetry In Translation, Arete, European Judaism, Jewish Quarterly, Jewish Renaissance, Interpreter’s House, The Wolf, Magma, P.E.N. International, The London Magazine, P.N. Review (England), Cumberland, Cimarron Review, Dimui, and Jerusalem Review (Israel). She also translates the work of Russian, Punjabi, Hebrew and French poets. Green says of her background: "My father was brought up in France, my mother in Egypt; both grandparents left the Central Asian Emirate of Boukhara around 1920. My mother's family had been part of a 2,000 year old presence in Boukhara, my father's forebear, Haham Mammon (el Moughrabi), a descendant of Maimonides, came to Boukhara from Morocco in the 17th century, to teach Judaism and never left. I am descended from a female Court Poet--Kundal Khon--who had the patronage of the last Emir of Boukhara until she left there to live in Jerusalem." [Source: Personal communication with Yvonne Green, September 20, 2007]

Thomas Charles Louis Holt (1961- )

Anthony Bavin

Caroline Berrier
[works as a lawyer in London]

Robin Allanson
[author of The Landscapes of Division (London: Brookside Press, 1963)]

Amherst Tysson

David Neita
[author of Manuscript Of A Scripture Man and PURE: Passionate Unadulterated Romantic Expressions]

Graeme Kenne

Frances Hughes

David Schiff

Caroline Natzler
Caroline Natzler lives in London, and teaches creative writing at the City University, London University (Goldsmiths' College) and the City Literary Institute. She also works as a local-authority lawyer. A collection of her stories, Water Wings was published in 1990, and Pikestaff Press brought out her poetry pamphlet, Speaking the Wetlands , in 1998. Design Fault, her first full collection, was published in 2001.

Finland

Mikko Rossi
(1868-1928)

Jyrki Rinnemaa
lawyer, poet and translator of poetry; author a collection of poetry published by Nihil Interit, a Finnish poetry society

France

Philippe de Remi Beaumanoir
(c.1250-1296)
poet, jurist, author of medieval law texts

Guillaume Coquillart
(1421 ? 1450 ? 1452 ? - 1510)
[Source: John Rigby Hale, Civilization of Europe in the Renaissance500 (Scribner, reprint ed., 1995)]

Martíal Auvergne
(1440-1508)
See Cassell's New Biographical Dictionary 77 (London: Cassell Publishing Co., 1895)

Jean Bouchet
(1476-1550)

Jean de Coras
(1513-1572)

Etienne Forcadel
(ca. 1518-1579)
a poet, lawyer, and oenophil; author of Penus Juris Civilis (Lyon, 1550) [reference source]

Theodore De Beze
(1519-1605)

Elie Bargede
(16th century)
[Source: Lawrence B. Phillips, The Dictionary of Biographical Reference 99 (Philadelphia: Gebbie & Co., 1889)]

Étienne Pasquier
(1529-1615) [Wikipedia]

Etienne de La Boétie
(1530-1563)
humanist lawyer & poet [Wikipedia]

Philibert Bugnyon
(1530-1587)

Nicolas Rapin
(1535-1608) [Wikipedia]

Joseph Justus Scaliger
(1540-1609)
scientist, author, lawyer, philosopher, educator, poet [Wikipedia]

Robert Garnier
(1544-1590)
lawyer, poet and dramatist; author of Porcie (Portia)(1568); Hippolyte (Hippolytus)(1573); Cornelie (Cornelia)(1574); Marc-Antoine (Marc Antony)(1578); La Troade (The Trojan Women)(1579); Antigone, ou La piété (Antigone, or Piety)(1580); Bradamante (1582); Sédécie, on Les Juives (The Jewesses)(1583) [Wikipedia]

Pierre de Brachman
(1549-1605)
[Source: Lawrence B. Phillips, The Dictionary of Biographical Reference 182 (Philadelphia: Gebbie & Co., 1889)(providing no date of birth)]

Jules-César Le Besgue
Jules-César Le Besgue is a little-known lawyer and poet from Vitry; author of Quelques Sonnets Heroiques et Autres Poesies Françoises (1586)(sonnets which tell cautionary tales drawn from the lives of heroes of a still earlier time)

Francis Amboise
(1550-1620)

François de Malherbe
(1555-1628) [Wikipedia]

Claude d' Expilly
(1561-1636)

Pierre de Fermat
(1601-1665)
lawyer, mathematician, linguist, poet, and author of the Last Theorem that bears his name [Wikipedia]

Bonaventure Fourcroy
(1610-1691)
L'avocat-poëte

Peter Halle
(1611-1689)

Charles Perrault
(1628-1703)
Charles Perrault was born in Paris, and we while we know him today as associated with fairy tales, he was also a lawyer, poet, and critic. But it was his collection of fairy tales, Tales of Mother Goose (1697) in which he included "Little Red Riding Hood," "Sleeping Beauty," and "Cinderella" that we know Perrault today. Perrault left the law to serve as chief clerk in the king's building, superintendent's office (1664). He was involved in the creation of the Academy of Sciences and the restoration of the Academy of Painting. Upon the founding of the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-Lettres he was made secretary. Perrault wrote poetry, revived an old epic, and got himself involved in a major literary quarrel. His lasting reputation is based on his Contes de ma Mère l'Oye, ou Histoires du temps passé (1697), a collection of fairy tales. His complete works were published in Paris, 1697-98. [Wikipedia]

Étienne Pavillon
(1632-1705)

Nicolas Boileau-Despreaux
(1636-1711)
critic, poet, lawyer & writer [Wikipedia]

Bernard de La Monnoye
(1641-1728)
jurist, poet, academician, and scholar of early French verse

Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon
(1674-1762) [Wikipedia]

Louis Bernard Royer
(1677-1755)
Lawyer and poet. Born in Avignon. He is best better known for his poetry than for his lawyer work, although most of his work remains in manuscript. He composed in Avignon idiom, comedies, stories, fables, songs, and epigrams.

Voltaire
(1694-1778) [Wikipedia]

Bernard-Joseph Saurin
(1706-1781) [Wikipedia]

Alexandre Xavier Harduin
(1718-1785)
[Source: Lawrence B. Phillips, The Dictionary of Biographical Reference 478 (Philadelphia: Gebbie & Co., 1889)(providing no date of birth)]

Gottfried August Bürger
(1747-1794)

Johann Wolfgang Goethe
(1749-1832) [Wikipedia]

Sylvain Maréchal
(1750-1803) [Wikipedia]

Claude-Emmanuel de Pastoret
(1755-1840) [Wikipedia]

Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre
(1758-1794) [Wikipedia]

François Andrieux
(1759-1833) [Wikipedia]

Charles-Albert Demoustier
(1760-1801)
[See: Benjamin Vincent (ed.), A Dictionary of Biography, Past and Present. Containing the chief events in the lives of eminent persons of all ages and nations (London: Ward, Lock, & Co., 1877)]

Joseph Berchoux
(1768-1839)

Jean Nicolas Bouilly
(1763-1842)
poet, lawyer, writer of librettos for the opéra comique focusing on the French Revolutionary period [Wikipedia]

Julien Auguste Pélage Brizeux
(1803-1858) [Wikipedia]

François Andrieux
(1803-1833)

François-Juste-Marie Raynouard
(1807-1836) [Wikipedia]

Etienne-Paulin Gagne
(1808-1876) [Wikipedia]

Frédéric Antoine Ozanam
(1813-1853)
lawyer, literatist, and co-founder of the St Vincent de Paul Society [Wikipedia]

Robert Pipon Marett
(1820-1884) [Wikipedia]

Stéphane Liégeard
(1830-1925)

Edmond Picard
(1836-1924)
Lawyer, poet, art critic [Source: Debora L. Silverman, Art Noveau in Fin-De-Siecle France: Politics, Psychology, and Style 210 (University of California Press, reprint ed., 1992)]

Ernest Raynaud
(1864-1936)
[Source: Roger Shattuck, The Banquet Years: The Origins of the Avant Guard in France, 1885 to World War I: Alfred Jarry, Henry Rousseau, Erik Satie and Gullaume Apollinair 72 (Vintage Books, rev. ed., 1979)]

Léon Blum
(1872-1950) [Wikipedia]

Jean Follain
(1903-1971)
Born at Canisy, in Normandy, 1903; studied law at the Faculte de Caen; went to Paris in 1925 to continue his studies and began to publish his poetry; author of various collections of poetry, Le Main chaude (1933), Chants terrestres (1937), Ici-bas (1941), Transparence du monde (1943), Exister (1947), Territoires (1953), Des heures (1960), Appareil de la terre (1964), D'apres nout (1967); English translantions of Follain's work include: A World Rich in Anniversaries: Prose Poems (Grilled Flowers Press, 1979), Transparence of the World (Copper Canyon Press, Bilingual ed., 2003)(W.S. Merwin trans.), Selected Prose (Logbridge-Rhodes, 1985); Follain died in 1971.[See, Jean-Albert Bédé & William Benbow Edgerton (eds.), Columbia Dictionary of Modern European Literature 254-55 (Columbia University Press, 2nd ed., 1980)]

Dominique Gros
(1953- )
Poet, translator, critic and law professor. Gros lives in Dijon and teaches law at the University of Bourgogne; his essay, "Le 'gardien de la loi,' selon Kafka," appears in 14 Cardozo Stud. L. & Lit. 11 (2002)

Georgia

Gerzel Baazov
1904-1938) [Wikipedia]

Germany

Sebastian Brant (Brandt
(c. 1457-1521) [Wikipedia]

Joachim Mynsinger
(1517-1588)

Nicolaus Reusner
(1545-1602)

Johann Fischart
(c. 1545-1591) [Wikipedia]

Georg Philipp Harsdorffer
(1607-1658) <fo