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At 13 metres long and one metre in diameter, Titanoboa was the lord of the South American jungle 60 million years ago. Illustration by Jason Bourque

Natural History

Titanoboa made anaconda look like a garter snake

The largest snake that ever lived gives scientists important information about the climate of the tropics in ages past


Sea levels would rise unevenly as ice sheet melts, study says

Coasts of Argentina would see no change but Vancouver would be inudated


Locusts' swarms come from their brains

Solitary creature turns social when serotonin levels spike, creating vast agglomerations that can stretch kilometres, ravage plant life


Personal-care chemicals go on toxic list

Two silicon-based substances added because of danger posed to environment upon disposal rather than danger to people


The look of love?

Women and men score equally when it comes to recognizing romantic sparks between others, a U.S. study says

Nanotechnology

Ottawa yet to heed nano warnings

Experts have warned government to regulate nanotechnology,but government has yet to act


Innovations

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2009: The big ideas

This could be the year we grow our own limbs, map our own DNA and get to know our virtual selves.


In Photos

Hurricane Ike as seen from the International Space Station

Year of space

From a meteorite in Saskatchewan to some of the most distant stars

 

Astronomy/Space 

Mars rover goes off the rails

Scientists probe suddenly erratic behaviour of Spirit almost five years after mission started

Odd planet's extreme hot flashes

Planet four times the size of Jupiter gains more than 700 degrees in journey near its sun

'Eye test' for Galileo?

Scientists want to exhume the astronomer's body for DNA tests to see if bad vision could have affected his findings

Mars water, methane suggest life

Scientists warn, however, that presence of compounds could merely indicate volcanic activity or long-extinct life

From Galileo to a glimpse at the dawn of time

As the International Year of Astronomy begins, and with Hubble on verge of retirement, new 'eye in the sky' being prepared

Milky Way much bigger than thought

Astronomers revise estimates of size, say galaxy bigger, faster than they had calculated

Columbia crew didn't stand a chance

Apparently normal descent turned into tragedy so fast that astronauts didn't even have chance to close helmet visors, U.S. space agency reports

Gadget racket threatens pulsar research

Interference hunter dedicates days to tracking radiation that can thwart radio telescope

Clues to origins of solar system?

Geologists studying 100 pieces of meteorite that fell to ground when meteor streaked across Prairies in late November

Mars region may have been hospitable

Key mineral in bedrock of Nili Fossae indicates area not as harsh as rest of planet


Biology 

New bird species found in Chinese caves

Fist-sized Nonggand babbler suggests possibility of China's becoming birder hotspot

Charles Darwin: A heretic and a hero

The father of evolution is vilified by people of faith for destroying the story of creation and venerated by the scientific community – Two centuries after his birth, and 150 years after his theories first appeared in public, he remains a figure of supreme controversy

Exercise for the lazy, or busy

Short but intense exercise for seven minutes a week could fight diabetes, British study suggests

Snowy owls swoop southward

Arctic species thrived in breeding grounds last summer, creating population boom that drives younger birds away

Fish droppings help balance ocean's acid levels

High levels of calcium carbonate in sea water near surface traced to 'gut rocks' expelled by fish

Eye study shows deadly malaria's traits

Blockages in tiny blood vessels can starve brain cells, leading to cerebral malaria – a killer of mainly children in Africa

More species may endanger Great Lakes

Dozens of invasive fish could threaten vast environmental and economic damage

Pink iguanas offer evolutionary clue

Galapagos reptiles unseen by Darwin offer clue to earlier evolutionary divergence

Gene found that helps cancer spread

Scientists can seek drugs that target MTDH, singled out as gene that metastasizes tumours

Alzheimer's not just for aged

Almost 15 per cent of Canadians suffering dementia are younger than 65, study says


Archeology 

Canada's Stonehenge

Scientist says Alberta sun temple has 5,000-year-old calendar

Aboriginal cremation pit found off Georgia

One of state's wildest barrier islands provides rare example of cremation among early native inhabitants of United States

Archeologists unearth ancient city in Peru

Site may provide 'missing link' between two ancient cultures – the Wari and the Moche

Memories of Magdala

Perfume vials from Christ's era unearthed in Israel


Physics 

Scientist calls for new method of making medical isotopes

Nuclear chemist says he is shocked at lack of a plan to deal with shortages caused by repeated reactor closings

Higher, higher and higher

U.S. scientists learn how objects could be levitated – albeit at a nanometric size

Unknowns raise environmental concerns

Canada to create research centre to delve into issues of nanomaterials' effect on ecosystems

Scientist rejects own 'grey goo' scenario

Nanotechnology: Heading to medicine
from science fiction

Miniature vessels, as in the 'Fantastic Voyage,' become less fantastic as scientists work on nanorobots to fight cancer

Nanotechnology: Socks that don't smell; windows that clean themselves

Science of tiny could soon be 'foundation technology' like industrial revolution or electricity despite possible concerns

Laser trial hopes to save farm water

California scientists hope scintillometer beams may help in search for better way to conserve millions of litres of water sprayed on crops each year

Quake experiment tests shake-proof metal

'Elastic' titanium-nickel alloy reduces damage by deforming but returning to proper shape

'Death map' shows U.S. heat hazard

County-by-county mortality records indicate heat more likely to kill than earthquakes, thunderstorms more likely than hurricanes


Paleontology 

Major dinosaur site found in China

About 7,600 fossils pulled from dig near 'Dinosaur City' include 20-metre hadrosaurus

Large, short-armed raptor found in Argentina

Awkward limbs of dinosaur that hunted in modern Patagonia remind researchers of T. rex


Genetics 

Popularity may lie in genes, not jeans

Study of twins suggests inherited component in how well people are accepted into a group

FDA allows first test of human stem cell therapy

California biotechnology company plans clinical trial to try to use the stem cells to re-grow nerve tissue in patients with crushed spinal cords

Tests tease out 'good' stem cells

Canadian researchers find way to differentiate useful cells from cancer-causing ones

Gene troika made 1918 flu lethal

Researchers unlock secrets of pandemic responsible for about 50 million deaths worldwide – frequently among young, healthy people

Six gene mutations linked to obesity found

Study doubles number of genetic factors related to problem that has become public health issue

Research uncovers puberty genes

Process that sets the teenager off has stumped scientists

Scientists map genome of woolly mammoth, extinct since ice age

First step toward bring the giant beast back to life


Environment 

World's glaciers melting faster, scientists say

Regular measurement of 80 glaciers around world find average shrinkage of 74 centimetres, twice as quick as in 1980s and 1990s

There's gold in them thar sewers

Sludge in one Japanese prefecture yields more gold per tonne than top mines do

Australian blames climate change for heat wave

Climate minister notes that 11 of hottest years in country's history have occured in past 12; this year's event buckles railway lines, leaves homes without power

Some climate damage already irreversible

Even if carbon emissions can somehow be halted, temperatures around the globe will remain high until at least the year 3000, researchers say

Seasons come and go ...

... and they're doing so nearly two days earlier than they used to

Antarctica warming, not cooling, research reveals

Global warming may be affecting continent after all, threatening ice sheets with melting, study suggests

Global warming kills old-growth forests at stunning rate

Trend could soon transform forests into carbon dioxide emitters rather than much-needed carbon sinks, scientists warn

Antarctic bases turn to renewables

Even solar power catching on despite winter darkness; wind generation provides lot of power at 'windiest place on Earth'

'What are we going to do about the bears?'

For the first time, governments, environmentalists, researchers and Inuit are meeting to discuss the fate of the endangered carnivore

Natural selection gives way to human selection

Practice of hunting and harvesting the biggest animals or plants is changing species much faster than nature, researchers find


Anthropology 

Natural disasters doomed early civilization

Earthquakes and floods, followed by blowing sand, drove residents from what is now Peru

Moors built with powdered bones

Study of walls protecting fortresses near Spain's Alhambra Palace reveal mineral most likely from pigs

Patagonia tribe faces extinction

'It ends with our generation,' one says as pure-blooded members dwindle to fewer than 20


Other 

Cello ailment a hoax, British doctor says

Baroness decides time had come to clear up 'cello scrotum' spoof started 34 years ago

Cloaking device may quell cell-phone static

Search for material that would help military hide objects from sight could have civilian benefits

Tetris for post-traumatic stress?

Playing classic computer game apparently decreases flashbacks that plague sufferers

Racism persists because we don't really find it offensive

'They vastly overestimate how upset they would feel in bad situations such as hearing a racial slur'

Basalt wall found off Taiwan

Rare to find collection of monoliths – similar to Ireland's Giant's Causeway – under water

Language: Make the word go away

List of banned phrases offers no 'bailout' to offenders

Surgery for the 21st century: For prostate removal, robots rule

Patients suffer fewer side effects and recover faster than after traditional surgery, but provincial health-care plans still won't pay for it

Old experiment still shocking

Replication of experiment finds again that most will torture if ordered, despite apparent infliction of pain

Timing is all in Mount Everest climbs, study finds

More than 80 per cent of climbers who have perished targeting the world's highest peak died either the day of their summit or the very next day

Singapore students on top of the world

Boston College's Trends International Mathematics and Science Study found that country's fourth and eighth graders were tops in the world in science; Hong Kong and Taiwanese youth led in math.

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