Police Wiretapping Jumps 26 Percent

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The number of wiretaps authorized by state and federal judges in criminal investigations jumped 26 percent from 2008 to 2009, according to a report released Friday by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts.

Courts authorized 2,376 criminal wiretap orders in 2009, with 96 percent targeting mobile phones in drug cases, according to the report. Federal officials requested 663 of the wiretaps, while 24 states accounted for 1,713 orders.

Not one request for a wiretap was turned down.

Each wiretap caught the communications of an average of 113 people, meaning that 268,488 people had text messages or phone calls monitored through the surveillance in 2009, a new record. Only 19 percent of the intercepted communications were incriminating, the same as in 2008. The report attributes some of the rise in the numbers to better reporting by the nation’s courts.

The 2009 taps led to the arrests of 4,537 people and 678 convictions. A wiretap authorized in 2008 in a drug case in Arizona netted 169 arrests and 116 convictions, while a drug-case wiretap from 2007 in Southern California led to 170 arrests and 17 convictions, prosecutors told the court this year.

Law enforcement officials have long warned that encryption technology allows criminals to hide their activities, but investigators encountered encrypted communications only one time during 2009’s wiretaps. The state investigators told the court that the encryption did not prevent them from getting the plain text of the messages.

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Court OKs Unmasking Identities of Copyright Scofflaws

picture-11A federal appeals court is blessing the legal process by which the recording industry and other content owners unmask the identities of alleged peer-to-peer copyright infringers.

The decision by the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals is believed to be the first appellate court to sanction a process that has ultimately hauled tens of thousands of alleged P2P infringers into court, (.pdf) many at the request of the Recording Industry Association of America.

“They have upheld the RIAA’s legal strategy,” said Richard A. Altman, the New York attorney who brought the court challenge.

Thursday’s decision comes as Indie filmmakers are using the same process to acquire the identities of thousands of BitTorrent users accused of copyright infringement.

The legal action was brought by a State University of New York at Albany student accused of using Gnutella to download and make songs available on the internet.

The RIAA detected what it claimed to be infringing activity on an IP address the university linked to the student. The unidentified student moved to quash a federal judge’s order that the university forward the student’s identity to the RIAA.

The student asserted a First Amendment right of privacy on the internet, in addition to a fair-use right to the six music tracks in question.

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Sarah Palin E-Mail Hacker Found Guilty of Coverup

A Tennessee jury on Friday convicted David Kernell of obstruction of justice and misdemeanor computer intrusion in connection with his hacking of Sarah Palin’s e-mail account in 2008, according to local news reports.

The jury acquitted the 22-year-old Kernell of wire fraud, and deadlocked on a fourth charge of identity theft following four days of deliberation.

Kernell famously hacked into Palin’s Yahoo webmail account while Palin was the Republican vice presidential candidate. He used publicly available information about Palin to reset her password to “popcorn,” then posted screenshots of some of her e-mail, and the new password, to the /b/ message board on 4chan so others could enjoy it.

Prosecutors will now have to decide whether to retry Kernell on the identity-theft charge, based on the theory that the former University of Tennessee student stole Palin’s identity by taking over her Yahoo account.

Palin applauded the verdict Friday in a Facebook post that compared Kernell to Richard Nixon’s plumbers. “As Watergate taught us, we rightfully reject illegally breaking into candidates’ private communications for political intrigue in an attempt to derail an election,” wrote Palin, who testified against Kernell in court last week.

In opting for the misdemeanor version of the computer-intrusion charge, the jury rejected prosecutors’ arguments that Kernell broke into Palin’s account in furtherance of another criminal act or civil wrongdoing beyond accessing Palin’s e-mail.

That means Kernell might have walked away from the trial without a felony conviction, if he hadn’t deleted evidence from his hard drive. That, the jury found, constituted felony obstruction of justice.

Kernell is free on bond. A sentencing date has not been set.

Updated 18:30 with Palin’s Facebook comments,

Image: Facebook.com

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Porn Stars Decry Piracy in New Video (SFW)

Piracy is hurting the bottom line of the adult entertainment industry, according to a new public-address video starring porn stars.

The Adult Entertainment Trade Association, a branch of the Free Speech Coalition, says DVD sales are down at least a third because of DVD counterfeiting and so-called internet “tube” porn sites that sometimes infect viewers’ computers with malware and spyware. Credible piracy figures are not available, as the porn business is run largely by private companies, the coalition says.

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iPhone Finder Regrets His ‘Mistake’

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The person who found and sold an Apple iPhone prototype says he regrets not doing more to return the device to its owner, according to a statement provided by his attorney Thursday in response to queries from Wired.com.

Brian J. Hogan, a 21-year-old resident of Redwood City, California, says although he was paid by tech site Gizmodo, he believed the payment was for allowing the site exclusive access to review the phone. Gizmodo emphasized to him “that there was nothing wrong in sharing the phone with the tech press,” according to his attorney Jeffrey Bornstein.

Wired.com identified Hogan as the finder of the prototype by following clues on social network sites, and then confirmed his identity with a source involved in the iPhone find.

Hogan has been interviewed by law enforcement investigators but has not been charged with a crime. His attorney says he is willing to cooperate with authorities.

It’s generally considered theft under California law if one “finds lost property under circumstances that give him knowledge of or means of inquiry as to the true owner” and yet appropriates the property for his own use “without first making reasonable and just efforts to find the owner and to restore the property to him.”

The person who found the phone “is very definitely one of the people who is being looked at as a suspect in theft,” San Mateo County  Chief Deputy District Attorney Stephen Wagstaffe told Wired.com Wednesday. “Assuming there’s ultimately a crime here. That’s what we’re still gauging, is this a crime, is it a theft?”

On April 19, Gizmodo, which is owned by Gawker Media, published a bombshell story about the iPhone prototype, which had apparently been left at the Gourmet Haus Staudt in Redwood City. It was left behind by an Apple engineer named Gray Powell.

According to the statement from his lawyer, Hogan was in the bar with friends when another patron handed him the phone after finding it on a nearby stool. The patron asked Hogan if the phone belonged to him, and then left the bar. Hogan asked others sitting nearby if the phone belonged to them, and when no one claimed it, he and his friends left the bar with the device.

“Brian opened the phone onto a Facebook page but then the phone shut down,” attorney Bornstein writes. “From that time on, the phone was inoperable the entire time Brian had it.”

Hogan didn’t know what he had until he removed a fake cover from the device and realized it must be a prototype of Apple’s upcoming next-generation iPhone, according to Gizmodo’s account of the find.

A friend of Hogan’s then offered to call Apple Care on Hogan’s behalf, according to Hogan’s lawyer. That apparently was the extent of Hogan’s efforts to return the phone.

After the friend’s purported efforts to return the phone failed, several journalists were offered a look at the device. Wired.com received an e-mail March 28 — not from Hogan — offering access to the iPhone, but did not follow up on the exchange after the tipster made a thinly veiled request for money. Gizmodo then paid $5,000 in cash for it.

The owners of the bar told reporters that Hogan didn’t notify anyone who worked at the bar about the phone. They also said Powell returned several times after losing the phone to see if anyone had found it and turned it in. Powell and Apple’s outside counsel contacted the San Mateo County District Attorney’s office last week to report the phone stolen, according to reports.

“He regrets his mistake in not doing more to return the phone,” says Bornstein’s statement. “Even though he did obtain some compensation from Gizmodo, Brian thought that it was so that they could review the phone.”

Shortly after Gizmodo published its story, people identifying themselves as representatives of Apple appeared at Hogan’s home seeking permission to search the premises, according to a source involved with the iPhone find. A roommate turned them away.

Records show a Redwood City address for Hogan about a mile from the bar where he found the phone. Nobody was at home when Wired.com knocked on the door earlier this week. Hogan previously lived in Santa Barbara, where he attended Santa Barbara City College as recently as 2008, according to his Facebook profile, which was deleted last week.

His attorney says he recently transferred schools and will resume his college education in the fall. He has been working part time at a church-run community center giving swimming lessons to children and volunteered at a Chinese orphanage last year while he was enrolled in a study-abroad program.

“He also volunteers to assist his aunt and sister with fundraising for their work to provide medical care to orphans in Kenya,” his attorney says. “Brian is the kind of young man that any parent would be proud to have as their son.”

In addition to Hogan, investigators have targeted Gizmodo editor Jason Chen, who received and reported on the phone. Last Friday, officers from California’s Rapid Enforcement Allied Computer Team raided Chen’s Fremont, California, home and seized computers and other equipment.

Gawker Media and others have said the search warrant violated state and federal shield laws protecting journalists from searches and seizures without a subpoena. The San Mateo County district attorney’s office said this week that investigators will not examine the seized materials until the legality of the warrant has been resolved.

Hogan’s attorney, Jeffrey Bornstein, is a former federal prosecutor, who is now a partner at the San Francisco law firm K & L Gates. As a defense attorney, Bornstein notably represented the captain who steered a container ship into the San Francisco Bay Bridge in 2007.

In an interview at his office Thursday afternoon, the lawyer said Hogan’s family has relocated to an undisclosed location in anticipation of a media frenzy. “This thing has gotten completely, completely out of control,” said Bornstein, referring to the public interest in the story.

“He made a mistake,” Bornstein added. “He should have just immediately turned that phone in.”

Story updated 19:45 to quote Bornstein.

Image: Brian Hogan in a 2008 blog photo.

Additional reporting by Evan Hansen, Kevin Poulsen, Dylan Tweney and Roselyn Roark

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Dropping PS3 Linux Support Lands Sony in Court

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Sony’s move to disable Linux on the PlayStation 3 is being met by a proposed class-action lawsuit accusing the company of unjustly enriching itself at the expense of its customers.

Citing “security concerns,” Sony announced in March it was no longer supporting the so-called “Other OS” feature on the game console. This, after the company had repeatedly promoted the $500 device as one to “play games, watch movies, view photos, listen to music and run a full-featured Linux operating system that transforms your PS3 into a home computer,” according to a lawsuit,

The PlayStation 3 had emerged as a favorite among researchers looking to create homebrew supercomputers on the cheap. When clustered, the PS3’s Cell processor — developed by Sony, IBM and Toshiba — can rival the power of a supercomputer, researchers say.

The suit, filed in San Francisco federal court Tuesday, seeks class action status.

“Sony has been unjustly enriched at the expense of plaintiff and the class (.pdf) and is required, in equity and good conscience, to compensate plaintiff and the class for harm suffered as a result of its actions,” according to the filing.

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S.F. Admin Guilty of Hijacking City Passwords

picture-8After a six-month trial, a San Francisco city admin was found guilty Tuesday of a sole felony count of hijacking the city’s computer system.

Terry Childs, 45, was guilty of one count of locking out the city from its FiberWAN network containing city e-mails, payroll, police records, information on jail inmates and more — virtually an all-access pass to City Hall.

Childs was arrested in July 2008 after refusing to hand over passwords to the Wide Area Network system he was accused of taking control of illegally. A San Francisco jury deliberated a week before reaching a verdict.

Childs’ $5 million bail was set five times higher than most murder defendants’ because the authorities feared that, if released, he might permanently lock the system and erase records.

The FiberWAN network system is the major backbone of the consolidated city-and-county government’s computing infrastructure, connecting hundreds of different departments and buildings to a central data center, and to each other. The FiberWAN system carries more than 60 percent of the network traffic for San Francisco’s government.

Childs had worked as a computer technician with the city for five years before his arrest. He earned $126,000 in base pay, in addition to another $22,500 for being on call to assist with network malfunctions. The city’s data system was restored after Mayor Gavin Newsom spoke with Childs in jail, where he finally gave the passwords to the mayor.

Childs faces a maximum 5-year prison term when sentenced June 14.

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Apple May Have Traced iPhone to Finder’s Address

People identifying themselves as representing Apple last week visited and sought permission to search the Silicon Valley address of the college-age man who came into possession of a next-generation iPhone prototype, according to a person involved with the find.

“Someone came to [the finder's] house and knocked on his door,” the source told Wired.com, speaking on condition of anonymity because the case is under investigation by the police. A roommate answered, but wouldn’t let them in.

Apple’s vaunted wall of secrecy was smashed wide open when one of its developers lost a next-generation iPhone prototype sometime in March at a bar in Redwood City, California. Another bar patron took the phone home and, having failed to find the owner, gave tech news site Gizmodo exclusive access to the device in exchange for $5,000. Gizmodo eventually returned the phone to Apple, but not before it published numerous photos and details.

San Mateo County police are now investigating, and they seized computers from Gizmodo writer Jason Chen’s home last week under a search warrant that Gizmodo is challenging as unlawful. Police have also identified and interviewed the man who took the phone from the bar, the San Jose Business Journal reported Tuesday.

News of Apple’s lost iPhone prototype hit the web like a bombshell, but it was apparently an open secret for weeks amongst the finder’s roommates and neighbors, where the device was shown around mostly as a curiosity. According to the source, who has direct knowledge of the Gizmodo transaction, the group of friends suspected this might be Apple’s new phone, but no one knew for sure.

“There was no effort to keep it secret,” the source said. “There were a bunch of people who knew.”

The finder attempted to notify Apple and find the owner of the device but failed, even going so far as to search alphabetically through Facebook, the source said. Thoughts then turned to contacting the press about the device to confirm its authenticity and help locate the owner, but early attempts to drum up interest went unanswered. After a few days with no response, the finder expanded the search.

“The idea wasn’t to find out who was going to pay the most, it was, Who’s going to confirm this?” the source said.

The finder at one point attempted to restore the phone by connecting it to a roommate’s Apple computer, but was unsuccessful.

News accounts depicting the $5,000 payment as a “sale” are incorrect, this person said. Rather, the agreement with Gizmodo was for exclusivity only. “It was made very explicit that Gizmodo was to help the finder return the phone to its rightful owner or give it back,” this person said. “Gizmodo said they could help restore the phone.”

Wired.com received an e-mail March 28 offering access to the device, but did not follow up on the exchange after the tipster made a thinly veiled request for money.

Apple didn’t return a phone call Tuesday.

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Study: Fair Use Contributes Trillions to U.S. Economy

picture-42One study after another purports to chronicle how much intellectual property piracy hurts the economy, and contributes to every societal ill from  terrorism to child porn and slavery.

A new study unveiled Tuesday sets out to examine intellectual property in a different light: How fair use — which doesn’t require permission from the copyright holder — actually benefits the economy.

The trade group, Computer & Communications Industry Association, in a follow-up to its 2007 report, asks: “What contribution is made to our economy by industries that depend on the limitations to copyright protection when engaged in commerce?”

For the year 2007, the fair-use economy accounted for $4.7 trillion in revenue (.pdf)  and $2.2 trillion in value added, roughly one-sixth the total gross domestic product of the United States, according to the study. The fair-use economy also employed more than 17 million people with a $1.2 trillion payroll.

Fair-use-dependent industries include educational institutions, search engines, web hosting providers, software developers and device manufacturers, among others.

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Feds Say Judge Hampering Webcam Spy Probe

screen-shot-2010-04-26-at-30458-pmProsecutors are claiming that a federal judge is hampering a criminal investigation into a webcam scandal at a Philadelphia suburban school district.

The evidence prosecutors are seeking is connected to a federal civil lawsuit in which the plaintiff’s lawyers claim that the Lower Merion School District secretly snapped thousands of webcam images of students using school-issued laptops without the pupils’ knowledge or consent.

U.S. District Judge Jan DuBois, who is presiding over the civil case, two weeks ago ordered that evidence should only be disseminated to those connected to the civil lawsuit. (.pdf) U.S. Attorney Michael Levy wrote the judge, saying Friday that the freeze order “interfered with the government’s obligation to investigate possible criminal conduct occurring within this district.”

Levy asks the court to “modify its order to permit the government access.” (.pdf) Among other things, Levy wants to examine what plaintiffs lawyers contend are thousands of screenshots school-supplied MacBooks took of an unknown number of children, some of which might include nude or partially clothed shots.

While it remains unclear whether the secret and remote filming of students is a federal crime, taking nude images of children is likely criminal conduct. A federal grand jury and the FBI are said to be looking into the district’s actions.

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