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Mama Reference Contents Mama classes
- Animation - represents animation
- ArgException - Error in number of parameters passed in call to a function
- AssertException - assert condition is false
- Audio - represents audio file
- BaseException - base exception for Mama exceptions
- Boolean - boolean type may assigned one of two values - true or false
- Button - represents button in a graphic window
- CallStack - represents the call stack, which contains current function/method call chain
- Checkbox - represents check box in a graphic window
- Class - this class provides reflection capabilities - runtime type information (RTTI) - of objects
- Code - represents mama code
- Color - represents color in a graphic window
- ComboBox - represents combo box in a graphic window
- Complex - represents a complex number: a complex number is written as "a+bj," where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part.
- Edit - represents edit box
- Exception - general mama exception
- ExitException - exit from mama exception, asked explicitly by user
- FieldException - exception when accessing object field
- File - represents a file: file may be of type text or binary, content may be written to a file and read from it
- Font - represents font in a graphic window
- Frame - represents a frame in the call stack (see also CallStack)
- Function - represents a function
- Globals - a class providing mama global services
- GraphicException - graphic exception
- IOBaseException - input/output base exception
- Image - represents an image in a graphic window
- ImportException - exception thrown when import module failed
- Instance - represents an instance of a class in the program
- Jclass - A class representing a Java class
- KeyException - exception thrown when accessing an object in a table failed
- Keyboard - Represents the keyboard
- Label - represents a label in a graphic window
- List - a list of mama objects of any type
- ListBox - represents a list box in a graphic window
- MathException - general math exception
- Menu - represents a menu in a graphic window
- Method - represents a class method
- Module - represents a mama module
- Mouse - Represents the mosue state
- NameException - name not defined exception
- NetException - exception thrown when accessing mama network services
- Null - represents an empty (null) value
- Number - represents a number: a number may be integer or real
- Object - base class for all mama classes
- Page - represents internet web page
- Point - represents a point in a graphic window
- RadioButton - represents a radio button in a graphic window
- RangeException - a range exception
- Slider - represents a slider in a graphic window
- String - represents a string of chars
- SyntaxException - syntax exception
- System - represents mama system services
- SystemException - general system exception
- Table|Map - represents a table of objects, which are held as pairs of key and value.
- Thread - represents a mama thread, which is an independent executing unit
- ToolBar - represents a toolbar in a graphic window
- Turtle - represents a turtle in a graphic window
- TypeException - type exception
- ValueException - value exception
- WarningException - warning exception
- WinBase - represents a basic graphic window
- Window - represents a graphic window
- ZeroDivException - thrown when dividing with 0
Keywords help | class | input_bool | while | or | input_number | else | remove | input | for | define | assert | false | print | break | if | nop | elif | create | import | then | continue | inherits | isA|is | and | include | return | this | base | repeat | lambda | catch | rshift | input_line | method | throw | Operators .. | %= | % | ** | @ | += | -- | != | >= | <= | > | *= | * | >> | /= | = | < | ~ | + | **= | | | << | / | -= | Error messages
- <parameter> does not contain field '<parameter>'
- Error class: FieldException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spell fo the field name
- Verify that a field with this name exists
- <parameter> is an invalid argument to this function
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spelling of the argument name
- <parameter> must be of class <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the variable is of the required type
- Verify correct spelling of the variable
- A table is required for the format operation
- Error class: TypeException
- Access to base class outside class methods
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- You can use the keyword '<parameter>' only inside a class method for accessing the base class method
- Access to empty list
- Error class: RangeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the list contains elements
- Run the program step by step to check the problem
- Access to the list with out-of-range index
- Error class: RangeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the index passed to the list and verify that it is less than the list size
- Argument <parameter> for function <parameter> is out of range (<parameter>..<parameter>)
- Error class: RangeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that the argument you pass to the function is inside the range it expects
- Argument <parameter> is not <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that argument <parameter> is <parameter>
- Check for spelling error
- Argument <parameter> required in call to function instead of <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that the required argument is passed to the function
- Are you using a wrong function name?
- Argument <parameter> to operation '<parameter>' should be of type String
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the argument is of String type
- Argument <parameter>: required - <parameter>, found - <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that the actual argument has same type as the formal argument
- Check for spelling error
- Argument 1 should be a string, a code or a file
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that argument 1 is either a string, a code or a file
- Do you have a spell error in the argument name?
- Assert requirement not satisfied
- Error class: AssertException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the assert condition
- Run the program step by step and find the cause for the assertion failure
- Base class has no method named '<parameter>'
- Error class: NameException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the base class has a method with that name
- Check for misspelled method name
- Boolean input operation failed: no boolean value in the input
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the user entered a valid boolean value, I.e. 'true' or 'false'
- Call to undefined function: <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Cannot assign to <parameter>
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- In the assignment you have to verify that the operand you assign to is a variable - I.e. a valid memory address - and not <parameter>
- Cannot assign to function: <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Cannot change a string object, it is immutable
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- A string object cannot be changed
- Cannot compare '<parameter>' with '<parameter>' - types '<parameter>' and '<parameter>' are not comparable
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the expression and verify that the compare is make between 2 comparable types
- Cannot convert <parameter> to <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Cannot convert argument <parameter> into type <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that there is a legal conversion from the original type to the destination type
- Cannot convert from complex to <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- To convert a complex number z into a number, first convert to absolute value and then conert to a number like the following: <parameter>(<parameter>(z))
- Cannot convert from complex to number
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- To convert from a complex number z into a number, do <parameter>(z)
- Cannot convert from the given type into complex type
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the expression and find why was there a conversion to a complex type
- Cannot convert from the given type into type <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that there is a legal conversion from the original type to the destination type
- Cannot convert to <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that there is a legal conversion from the original type to the destination type
- Check for spelling error in variable/type name
- Cannot delete variable <parameter> due to references to it inside a nested namespace
- Cannot do modulu operation on a complex number
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify there is no modulu operation on complex numbrs as part of the expression
- Cannot execute a power operation of 0 with a negative or complex number
- Error class: ZeroDivException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the exponent argument and verify it is not negative or complex
- Cannot execute input/output operation on a closed file
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the file is open before doing any input/output operation on it
- Cannot find the module of the class <parameter>
- Cannot find the module of the unnamed class
- Cannot make augmented assign to a list
- Cannot read object in binary mode from a string
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that a binary mode read is executed only on a file openned in binary mode.
- Cannot write in binary mode into a string object
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that a binary mode write is executed only on a file openned in binary mode, or write in tex mode
- Class <parameter> does not contain field <parameter>
- Error class: FieldException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the field name is spelled correct
- Verify that this field exists in the class
- Constructor does not accept any arguments
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify you don't pass any arguments to the constructor
- Constructor requires arguments
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- You need to pass the required arguments to the constructor
- Constructor should not return any value
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the constructor does not return a value
- Conversion failed: a character is required
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the variable or expression you are trying to convert is convertible to character
- Trace the varibale/expression value by printing it
- Conversion failed: a number required
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the variable/expression you are trying to convert is convertible to number
- Conversion failed: integer type required
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the variable/expression is an integer number
- Run the program step by step and trace the variable values
- Current thread interrupted before or during the wait for release by another thread
- Current thread is not allowed to release synchronization lock of this object
- Error class: SystemException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the release of the synchronization is executed from within the correct thread
- Current thread is not allowed to wait on the synchronization mechanism of this object
- Error class: SystemException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the wait is executed from within the correct thread
- Division in 0
- Error class: ZeroDivException
- Possible fixes:
- The denominator value in the division operation is 0 - review the epxression and verify its correctness
- Element <parameter> not found in the list
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that this element does exist in the list
- Run step by step and check the list contents at each step
- Empty module name
- Error class: ImportException
- Possible fixes:
- Specify the module to import
- Error accessing object field - the object is null
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Make sure the object is created before you use it
- Error accessing object field - the object is null: <parameter>
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Make sure the object is created before you use it
- Error accessing object function - the object is null
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Make sure the object is created before you call its methods
- Error accessing web page in address <parameter>
- Error class: NetException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the web address that was passed as argument and verfiy that it is valid and represents an existing web page
- Error calling function '<parameter>': cannot convert argument <parameter> from <parameter> to type <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Review the call to the function and verify that you are passing the correct argument
- Error deleting <parameter>
- Error class: FieldException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spelling of the field name
- Verify existence of a field with this name
- Error found in function <parameter>() in parameter <parameter>: required - <parameter> found <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that the actual argument has same type as the formal argument
- Check for spelling error
- Error in address <parameter>
- Error class: NetException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the resource address argument and verify it is valid
- Error in argument <parameter> in function <parameter>: argument of type <parameter> required
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify match between the actual and the formal type
- Verify correct spell of the argument
- Error in argument count to function <parameter>(): expected at least - <parameter>, received - <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify a match between the number of arguments the function expects and the number of arguments passed to it
- Error in number of arguments in call to the function
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that the number of arguments passed to the function is equal to the number of declared arguments
- Error in the escape code in the string
- Error in the result value - not a number
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- The result value is invalid - review the epxression that caused this result
- Error parsing the time string
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the argument is a string containing a valid time
- Error running the program - module not found
- Error class: SystemException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the module name is correct
- Verify that the module exist as a file in the file system
- Exit the program due to user request
- Error class: ExitException
- Failed to load image folder <parameter>
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the file name passed for loading the images is correct and that is exists in the file system
- Failed to load image from file <parameter>
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the file name passed for loading the image is correct and that it is an image file of type jpeg, gif or png.
- Field <parameter> is read only
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Cannot change this field - it is read only
- Field '<parameter>' not found in this object
- Error class: FieldException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spell of the field name
- Verify such a field exist in the object
- File '<parameter>' not found
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the file name is correct
- Verify that the file exist in the file system
- File name <parameter> invalid
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the file name contains legal characters in the operating system
- File name empty
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Check why the file name is empty
- First argument - '<parameter>' - to the constructor should be an instance of this class
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- In case you called the consturcto explicitly, verify that object exists and that it is an instance of this class
- First argument to method '<parameter>' must be an object
- Error class: TypeException
- First argument to the constructor should be an object of this class
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the first argument to the constructor is an object of this class
- Function frame not found in call stack
- General error in argument to function
- General exception: <parameter>
- Error class: BaseException
- General math error
- Error class: MathException
- Possible fixes:
- Review the math expression
- General warning
- Got infinite value
- Error class: RangeException
- Possible fixes:
- The result value is infinite - review the math expression that caused this result
- Import failed: cannot find the module or the name not found in the module
- Error class: ImportException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the name you specified - a module or an identifier - is correct
- Verify that the module exists as a file in the file system
- In delete operation the index list must be a list of subsequent integeres, e.g. (4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
- Error class: RangeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the index list is a list of subsequent integeres
- Incorrect code indentation
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct indentation of the code in the given line
- Incorrect syntax
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the expression in the error line
- Verify valid and correct indentation of the code
- Incorrect syntax: <parameter>
- Incorrect value
- Incorrect variable type: <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the variable is of the required type
- Verify correct spell of the variable name
- Increment size must be of value greater than 0 in range definition
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the increment size is greater than 0 in range definition
- Index is out of range: <parameter>
- Error class: RangeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the index is within the valid range in this operation
- Check the program flow and find where the index went out of the valid range
- Input exception - empty input
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the user has entered input as required by the program
- Try handling input errors by catching such an exception
- Input of number failed: the input does not contain a number, or the number format is invalid
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the input contains a valid number
- Input operation failed
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Check a match between the data type you are expecting and the input content
- Input operation failed - end of file
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Trace the reads operations and verify correct match between the size of data you are trying to read and the size of data in the file
- Input operation failed - user entered invalid number
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the input entered by the user contains a valid number
- Input/output operation failed
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the input/output device name is correct
- Check for access rights to the specified file
- Input/output operation failed: <parameter>
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the input/output file name is correct
- Check access rights to the specified file
- Instruction '<parameter>' outside a loop
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- The instruction '<parameter>' is used to stop and exit the current executed loop. Verify that you are using this instruction inside a loop
- Instruction '<parameter>' outside of a function
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- The instruction '<parameter>' is used to return a value from a function. Verify you are using this instruction from within a function, and not as a global code
- Instruction '<parameter>' should be defined inside a loop
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- Instruction '<parameter>' is used for moving on to the next iteration in a loop - make sure you use this instruction inside a loop, and not outside
- Internal error
- Error class: SystemException
- Possible fixes:
- A Mama internal error - please report us on this error at our website
- Invalid character in the format operation <parameter> <parameter> at index <parameter>
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the character at the specified index
- Invalid class
- Error class: SystemException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the class exists and defined correctly
- Is the class name spelled correct?
- Key <parameter> is not suitable for insertion into the table
- Error class: KeyException
- Possible fixes:
- The key you are trying to insert into the table cannot be compared with the existing keys in the table -verify it has the correct type
- Key not found: <parameter>
- Error class: KeyException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spelling of the key name
- Verify that a key with this name exits
- Lexical parse error encountered at the current line: missing string closing quotes (") or comment closing quote (')
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the program and verify match between openning and closing quotes
- Methed called for null object
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the object you are accessing exits
- Name '<parameter>' not defined
- Error class: NameException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spell of the name
- Verify that the name was defined before usage
- Did you forget to include/import the correct file?
- No function or field with such a name in type '<parameter>'
- Error class: FieldException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spell of the field name
- Verify such a field exist in the object
- No module named '<parameter>' exist
- Error class: ImportException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify valid name of the module
- Verify that the module exists as a file in the file system
- No standard output object in the system
- No-arguments '<parameter>' must be last in the 'catch' list
- Error class: SyntaxException
- Possible fixes:
- You have to put the no-arguments '<parameter>' last in the 'catch' list, because it catches all exceptions
- Not all arguments converted
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check again the format string and the arguments
- Not enough arguments received at the format operation
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify a match between the number of arguments and the number of specifed arguments
- Operation '<parameter>' failed - an integer number required
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- The number should be integer in order to complete this operation
- Operation failed - the expression value is negative - an integer required with non-negative value
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the expression value is non-negative
- Operator '<parameter>' not defined for type '<parameter>'
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spell of the object name, and that it is of the correct type
- Operator '<parameter>' not defined for types '<parameter>' and '<parameter>'
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify correct spell of the object names, and that they are of the correct type
- Ouptut operation failed
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the output file and the data you are trying to write
- Out of memory
- Error class: SystemException
- Possible fixes:
- From some reason the program is out of memory - verify you have no huge data structures in the porgram (e.g. list or table huge size)
- Verify that the program is not inside an infinite loop
- Parameter <parameter> should be <parameter> or <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that the actual argument is one of the types the function is expecting
- Check for spelling error
- Read of object form file failed
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the file you are reading from does contain a Mama object
- Reduction on an empty list without an initial value
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the list passed as an argument to the reduction function is not empty, or there exists an initial value
- Run of function <parameter> on an empty list
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the list is not empty
- Saving window content as image failed
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the given file name is valid
- Verify you have write access to the folder where you are saving the window as image
- Sleep was interrupted due to keyboard key press
- The Mama version of module <parameter> does not suit current version: current version=<parameter>, module version=<parameter>
- Error class: ImportException
- Possible fixes:
- If you have the source file of the module, delete the compile file (with extension .mamac) so that mama will re-compile the file
- The argument should be an integer
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the argument is integer
- The argument string in the method <parameter>() is empty
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the argument string contains some characters
- The assigned value must be a list
- Error class: TypeException
- The base in the conversion operation is invalid
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- The base in the conversion to integer should be between 2 and 36
- The field is read only
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- You cannot change a field in a code object
- The file does not contain a Mama object
- Error class: IOBaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the file you are reading from does contain a Mama object
- The given index list argument contains a value outside the given list range. The wrong value is at index <parameter>
- Error class: RangeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the index list and verify that all of its values are within the given list range
- The index of this operation should be an integer
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the index has an integer value
- The mapping function requires at least 2 arguments
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that you are passing at least 2 arguments to the mapping function
- The path '<parameter>' passed as argument is not a valid folder in the file system, or there are no access rights to this folder
- Error class: SystemException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the argument is a valid folder in the file system
- Verify that you have read rights form that folder
- The precision field in the format string is too big
- Error class: RangeException
- Possible fixes:
- Specify a lower precision value
- The program file <parameter> has a wrong format
- Error class: BaseException
- Possible fixes:
- Check that program file exits and has the correct format
- The return value from function <parameter>() should be of type <parameter>
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify you are returning a value of the specified type
- Did you forget to return a value from the function?
- The step in the range definition for this operation must be 1
- The step in the range definition is not an integer
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the step in the range definition is an integer
- The step passed in the range definition is 0
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the step argument (third) in the range definition and verify it is not 0
- The string is not suit for the format operation: <parameter>
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the string contains suiltable content for the format operation
- The string is not suitable for the conversion: <parameter>
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the string contains valid data for the conversion
- The turtle is not bounded to any window
- Error class: GraphicException
- Possible fixes:
- You have to create window and add the turtle to it before any graphic operation on the turtle
- There is no exception to re-throw
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- You can re-throw exception from only within an exception catch block
- This argument should contain a single character
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the argument contains a single chararcter
- This type is unhashable
- Error class: TypeException
- Too many arguments passed to function <parameter> - expected: <parameter>, received: <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the function declaration and find the extra arguments
- Tried to pop and item from an empty table
- Error class: KeyException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the program flow by runnig step by step while watching the table content
- Verify that elements were inserted into the table
- User defined comparison function must return a number
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Verify that the user defined compare function returns a number
- Wrong arguments number in call to function <parameter>() - required at least: <parameter>, received: <parameter>
- Error class: ArgException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the function declaration and find the missing arguments in the call
- Wrong in list definition
- Error class: TypeException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the list definition
- Wrong list definition - the length is too long
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the length and verify it matches the list length
- Wrong list definition - the length is too short
- Error class: ValueException
- Possible fixes:
- Check the length and verify it matches the list length
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