California Academy of Sciences / Liu et al.
Chlaenius propeagilis is a new species of beetle from China, described in the journal Zookeys.
Scientists are tallying up scores, or even hundreds, of newfound species — but they're also musing on how many species will be lost before they're found.
This year's count from the California Academy of Sciences demonstrates that the pace of discovery is, if anything, increasing: Researchers associated with the academy added 140 species to the big biological list, and a 42-day expedition to the Philippines could eventually add hundreds more.
Among the highlights are four new species of deep-sea sharks, six completely new genera of African goblin spiders, three new genera of barnacles and 31 new sea-slug species. This year's tally of 140 compares favorably with the count of 110 species that were added during 2010.
Here are some of my favorite pictures from the Academy's gallery of the latest finds:
Terry Gosliner via California Academy of Sciences
Chelidonura mandroroa is a new species of sea slug, also known as a nudibranch, from the Indo-Pacific. Nudibranchs use their vivid colors to warn predators of their toxic or unpalatable nature. This nudibranch and five other new species were described in the journal Zootaxa.
Williams and Alderslade / Calif. Academy of Sciences
Anthoptilum gowletthomesae is a new species of sea pen from Australia. It can attach to rocky surfaces.
Luiz Rocha via Calif. Academy of Sciences
Sparisoma sp. is a new species of parrotfish from Sao Tome.
Fidanza and Almeda / Calif. Academy of Sciences
Cambessedesia uncinata is a new species of subshrub from Brazil, described in Harvard Papers in Botany.
Robert Van Syoc via Calif. Academy of Sciences
Minyaspis amylaneae is a new species of barnacle from Fiji. Minyaspis is also a new genus, one of three described in the journal Zootaxa.
The folks at the California Academy of Sciences aren't the only ones taking stock of new species. Earlier this week, the WWF conservation group noted that 208 newly described species, including a "psychedelic gecko," were recorded in Southeast Asia's Mekong River region during 2010. Australian researchers say they've found more than 1,000 new species in the country's Outback, and they estimate another 3,500 are waiting to be discovered beneath the arid topsoil. They say thousands more species of small animals are probably still undiscovered in Africa and South America.
"If you start multiplying this on a global basis, there's likely to be massive diversity that will be uncovered in coming decades," Andy Austin, a biologist at the Australian Center for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity at the University of Adelaide, is quoted as saying.
But if all that biodiversity is just waiting to be discovered, why do we hear all this talk about a modern extinction crisis? It's because hundreds or thousands of other species are passing into oblivion every year. That was the point behind the WWF's survey of the Mekong Delta.
"While the 2010 discoveries are new to science, many are already destined for the dinner table, struggling to survive in shrinking habitats and at risk of extinction," Stuart Chapman, conservation director of WWF Greater Mekong, said in a news release. Vietnam's Javan rhino population is among the latest to bite the dust.
Another just-released study puts the issue in terms that a 6-year-old could understand: One out of every six species related to the characters in the movie "Finding Nemo" is facing extinction, according to researchers at Simon Fraser University and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Among the most threatened are the real-life kin of Squirt and Crush the marine turtles, Anchor the hammer head shark and Sheldon the seahorse.
"It's unthinkable that the characters in 'Finding Nemo' could become extinct, but this is the reality unless we pay more attention to the diversity of marine life," SFU's Loren McClenachan, the study's lead author, said in a news release. The report is due to be published in the journal Conservation Biology.
Are all these concerns leading you to lose your appetite for shark-fin soup and rhino-horn concoctions? Feel free to weigh in below with your comments on the campaign to find species and keep them from being lost.
More species lost and found:
- New bee or not new bee? That is the question
- 'Lost' rainbow toad rediscovered
- Froggy finds raise hopes for Haiti
- Three new frogs leap into spotlight
- Amphibians wanted ... alive
- The Amazon's amazing species
- Biological gems found in Philippines
- Madagascar offers hundreds of new species
- Scientists spot biological beauties in Bali
- RAP stars rock the animal world
- Scientists finish first sea census
- Deep-sea creatures of the Coral Sea
- The top 10 new species from 2010
- Beautiful biodiversity in Brazil
- New Guinea's 'Lost World' revisited
- Indonesia's 'Garden of Eden'
- Papua New Guinea's new species
- Marine marvels from Papua New Guinea
- Biological treasures from Borneo
- Celebrities of the Celebes Sea
- 12 froggy finds from India
- Fantastic frogs from Colombia
- Aliens lurk in Antarctic depths
- The strange species of Suriname
- Vulnerable new species in Brazil
- Discoveries from Vietnam's 'Green Corridor'
- Endangered species of the Mekong Delta
- New species from Australia's coral reefs
- Thousands of new species in ocean's depths
- Hundreds of new species amid the Himalayas
- New species found Down Under ... underground
- Eight 'extinct' species found alive and kicking
Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page or following @b0yle on Twitter. You can also add me to your Google+ circle, and check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.
Articles like this always attract people who say, "Oh, species have always gone extinct, so what's the big deal?"
The big deal is that they're vanishing a thousand times faster than normal, faster than anything can evolve to replace them, and that this time, we're overwhelmingly responsible for it.
Don't worry - we'll make our own species extinct before too long.
You are such an arrogant pessisimist that I pray you don't have children who will suffer because of your neuroses.
Dan, Too many children too many mouths to feed not enough food, unless there is a cull like a flu the human specices will be extinct in one hundred years or so, just do the math.
@Janitor: and how does your math go exactly? I'd like to see those figures.
Thosic
Not to hard to figure actually assuming that the human species is subject to the same laws as others. We have overcome our environmental and biological constraints but not our behavioral constraints. The human population is destined to grow at a posably logarithmic rate until it runs out of resources at which time the population will collapse. Think of what that word collapse entails. Loss of 90+% of the human population in a few years to starvation,environmental degradation and resource wars. Fun times. Or we could smarten up and learn to control our numbers and live in harmony on this beautiful and as far as we know irreplaceable earth. Naw Religion and politics will see to it that that never happens.
@ PAQ; see below. I guess your math trumps what everyone else isn't sure about. The fact is no one knows how many people this place we call home can hold. Israel turned that wasteland into a nice fertile place. Science can help increase our yields to support more people. And I believe this old world can dish out a lot more than we can give it credit for. But that's just my opinion, which obviously doesn't hold the same weight as your opinion, er facts. I wouldn't want you to think you could be wrong.
Quote:
Nobody knows how many people the planet could hold. The UN predicted this week that fertility would decline and longevity would increase until the global population stabilised at nine billion in 2300. Some optimists have argued that the planet could support 1,000 billion; others look at what is happening right now and wish that it had stayed at ancient Roman levels.
Quote:
More recently, the Limits to Growth report pitches a global estimate somewhere nearer 7 billion. A review of 65 different studies in 1995 found estimates varying from less than 1 billion to over 1 trillion.
First quote if from guardian.co.uk titled: How many people can the earth support
Second quote is from makewealthhistory.org titled the same
I don't believe that we are as disconected from the natural world by our technolgy as we like to think we are. Not saying that I could not be wrong. We have staved off Malthious for a long time now. If something happens to other organisms in the natural world under defined conditions there is no reason to believe that it will not apply to us under the same or smiler conditions. I don't think that the population is leveling off. look at China with its one child famely policy. its population is still growing. So projections and policies don't hold human reproductive proclivities in check all that well. My bet is on biology.
Why would it be optimism to think of this planet holding 1000 billion people? What? Living side by side and on top of each other? Not as what we now consider to be human beings.
One more thing. Parts or Israel that where arid wastelands are productive now only because a large amount of capital and other resources have been and are devoted to making and keeping it that way. Most countries do not have that available from big daddy America and are not allowed to steal water from other countries. Irrigation has its own set of problems, many other cultures in the past have used it to great effect and later died out due to those problems.
Well if we take the livable land of the earth and divide it by 1 trillion people, we get about 14,000/km2. As of 2007 Mumbai was 29,650/km2. I didn't say it was ideal, nor did I say we could support 1 trillion people. All I said was the it is unknown how many people this planet can hold doing the math, as you said.
Thosic
My background is in biology and cynicism so my opinion is admittedly twisted to the dark side. Where are you coming from? It helps me understandif I know such things.
Well, my background is in Chemistry, English and truth.
Truth may not always be what you think it is. Is that a subjective or objective truth or do you think that there is only one kind? Thanks for your reply
Truth is truth. By saying "do the math," implying that there was a singular formula to prove that the human population had a finite number, was untruthful. Either it is, or it isn't. That is truth.
Mass extinctions have always happened. Thing is, we've always looked at them from a pre-historic perspective. Humans have a difficult time comprehending hundreds of years much less hundreds of thousands or millions of years. The mass extinctions in the past took many millenia to happen. In cosmological terms, that's a blink of an eye. But to us mere humans it takes place over generations.
We're so centrically focused on our own on-goings that we don't have the ability to see beyond our own immediacy. So when we read a text book about the extinction of the dinosaurs we tend to think it happened instantaneously.
We very well are contributing to the current rate of extinction. However, we simply could be a catalyst to an already on going extinction that is happening rapidly. That doesn't make us any more or less guilty for these transgressions. But it demonstrates our lack of understanding of the cycles our beloved planet goes through.
How do we ascertain if we are the primary cause or not?
Simply look at the multiple species we are absolutely responsible for extinguishing:
These are just a few of the species that humanity had a direct hand in causing their extinction.
Look at the species of Rhinos that recently went extinct in the wild that poachers are responsible for.
Those species are extinct as a direct result of human intervention. Time can only tell what other damage we've caused. Look at the snakehead fish native to south Asia that is running rampant in the Great Lakes region due to people simply letting them loose. We don't know what the long term effects of such blatant disregard to ecological systems our carelessness will have. Perhaps only history will be able to look back with 20/20 hindsight and see what the exact effects humans have had, but given that the list of animals going extinct specifically due to humans is gradually increasing it's hard not to draw a correlation.
Uhh... actually the dinosaurs cashed in very abruptly. Along with almost everything else living at the time.
Big space rock hit the Yucatan Peninsula around 65 million yrs ago. Dust/debris from the impact has been found worldwide at the Cretacious/Tertiary boundary. Means the sky went dark planet wide, plants died, nuclear winter... death on a stick.
Google Chicxulub Crater and Luis & Walter Alvarez.
Cheers.
Actually, not all the dinosaurs left the building on that fateful day. Some persisted for quite a long time yet. Not really sure what your point is. Are you saying that because a big rock falling from space killed a lot of species all at once, we can and should do the same, lol? That didn't work out too well fro the dinosaurs, by the way. And guess who is dominating the planet's fauna now...
Um Flea, over 95% of the dinosaurs that existed were extinct by the time that meteorite struck. Prior to that strike, both population and diversity were dwindling as the landscape was changing. Some managed to change with it, some simply survived, but the meteorite was more or less one of the final nails in the coffin for dinosaurs at large, so to speak, as they were having problems for at least a couple of million years or so prior.
Mitchell
Extinction is normal. Whether its faster or slower than history, no one really knows. And if humans are responsible...so what! Only those species who are able to adapt to their surroundings and pass on those genes to the next generation will move forward in the evolutionary tree. If anyone wants humans to stop destroying other species, the only way to do that is to wipe out the human species from this earth. But thats not going to happen. We can't save every single species, its not going to happen.
So what? Seriously that is your opinion? At least your honest in showing what your spiritual mentality is. You should think outside the box because your so what could eventually cause the breakdown of the food chain and if that happens human civilization is going to suffer right along side animals, insects and other creatures.
If you think mankind cannot so damage the ecosystem that they cause their own demise then you are deluded. No mater how smart we are if we break the food chain on land and ocean (the ocean is the big one) then humanity is oh so screwed.
Is it considered a new species even if the Asians can't eat it?
Earth is just another Easter Island in progress.
Anyone that can't see humans are destroying themselves is either ignorant of the evidence or in self-denial.
BTW, it's almost certainly too late to avoid (or even mitigate) the inevitable as well.
If you are a believer in macro-evolution, then this is of no concern: The apparent sudden extinction of so many species would be the environmental trigger to cause a rapid increase in evolutionary rate. (See "punctuated equilibrium" for more information on this.) Whether humans are the environmental trigger, or something else, it shouldn't matter. Evolution will prevail.
If you don't hold to macro-evolution, then this is still of no concern: The young age of the planet would indicate that past extinctions have happened at a far greater rate than scientists have presumed, and yet we (as in, animal kind) are still here and flourishing. Plus, many of the extinctions are not extinction of an animal kind, but extinction of a variation or adaptation of an animal kind.
Well said, thank you.
The fct that new species come an go is not much more than the way things are, an always have been. New things pop up to fill new niches and others who can not adapt or compete disappear, same as it ever was or ever will be.
As for the notion that species are becoming extinct at an increasingly rapid rate , it is a contention that is impossible to conclusively prove and misleading given that there have been periods of mass extinction that have occurred over time and has had little or no effect on those remaining species that were able to adapt to a changing environment.
It seems rather a backward notion to believe that one species survives or disappears because of their environment , a more practical and probably accurate assessment would be that species who survive do so in spite of their environment and because they are able to adapt to or change their environment to suit their continued survival.
Looks to me like the earth is entering a new phase and natural selection is speeding up for some species to survive the environmental changes that are coming. Leaves me to wonder what our world will be like in a couple of hundred years without humans. Would be fascinating to live beyond the years I have left for me if such is the case.
Opinion, not fact. There is no proof of any mass extinction. No one has been able to produce any list of recently extinct species. In fact some species thought extinct have recently been found to still exist.
Just because you find one lizard, where there used to be millions, does not mean the habitat loss didn't force them into extinction!!!
Traditional Chinese medicine is not only medically unsound, but environmentally destructive as it has lead to the endangering or extinction of countless species, some of which are more famous than others like rhino, tiger, bear, and shark species. I'm sorry, but eating some endangered animal is not going to make you live longer or your penis bigger.
I just thought I should point this out as it does relate to the article.
Sorry Lucreto I have to disagree with you in part, while we have no proof of "Mass" extinction we do have proof of declining animal species populations due to massive habitat loss. Mankind is pushing animals, insects, birds, and reptiles (this isnt even covering sea life loss due to pollution and other man made activities)
There is direct proof that man is pushing animals to the brink of extinction. While we might not have observable proof of mass extinctions it doesnttake much to determine that some species that we never knew about in places such as rain forests, or miniature ecosystems get wiped out due to clear cutting for farmland or development.
Some animals, birds, insect and reptiles can adapt but the vast majority of them cannot. So what happens when we take over all their habitat? Its only a matter of time before mankind will have its proof but unfortunately by that time it will be too late to do anything about it.
The problem with humanity it its reactive, its not proactive that is what will cause our own species (or at minimum human civilisation to become extinct one day.
How many "new" species have been discovered, cooked and eaten by uneducated, misinformed and starving people all over the world?
The earth and the natural process of things seems to creat envoirnments that will support life and life finds those inviornments to thrive in. (whichever way you look at it). My concern is that the earth does a great job of "self cleansing". Element potentially harmful to a life form are usually seperated from those life forms by miles rock, thousands of feet of ocean, or scattered across vast areas where the delution makes them less harmfull. Man is really great at finding those cancer causing and life destoying elements, concentrating them,and bringing them back into contact with plants and animals after the earth has worked so hard and long to seperate them to insure a species is not affected by them.
Such beautiful species, it would be a shame if they became extinct.
A few species we wish still existed;
I am sure there are more, many many more...
It's Darwin, stupid......makes no difference what the causes of change are....adapt and survive.....or not. That goes for us too. "Nature" really doesn't care. The processes of species evolution and extinction are going on all the time....we have much less impact on it than we think; thankfully. Lamenting over the "lost" species we don't even know exist? Only a fool goes down that road. Folks seem to think extinction is always bad....haven't seen any evidence that that is true, from Nature's viewpoint. Actually, I'd be happy to see the AIDS virus go extinct, and malaria, and smallpox, and .....we'll you get the point. If we could, we'd make them (and a lot of other adverse-to-humans life forms) extinct...but we can't. Why do you suppose that is? Nature simply is.....adapt and survive....or not.