Istrebitel Sputnik
IS-A Antisatellite satellite. As far as is known, follow-on models and the R-36-launched targets had a similar appearance.
Credit: © Mark Wade
Russian military anti-satellite system target satellite. 4 launches, 1968.04.24 (Cosmos 217) to 1970.10.20 (Cosmos 373). ASAT Target, launched by R-36. Evidently a derivative of the first IS-A ASAT itself.
Replaced by the cheaper, lighter ASAT target designed by Yangel for launch by Kosmos launch vehicles.
AKA: IS-T; I2M; 5V91T; Uran.
Gross mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb).
First Launch: 1968.04.24.
Last Launch: 1970.10.20.
Number: 4 .
More... - Chronology...
Associated Countries
See also
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Tsiklon The R-36 ICBM was the largest ever built and the bogeyman of the Pentagon throughout the Cold War. Dubbed the 'city buster', the 308 silos built were constantly held up by the US Air Force as an awesome threat that justified a new round of American missile or anti-missile systems. On the other hand, the Americans were never motivated to build and deploy corresponding numbers of their equivalent, the liquid propellant Titan 2. Derivatives of the R-36 included the R-36-O orbital bombing system, the Tsiklon-2 and -3 medium orbital launch vehicles, and the replacement R-36M missiles. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the design and manufacturing facility ended up in independent Ukraine. Accordingly the missile was finally retired in the 1990's, conveniently in accordance with arms reduction agreements with the Americans. More...
Associated Launch Vehicles
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Tsiklon Ukrainian intercontinental ballistic missile. The R-36 ICBM was the largest ever built and the bogeyman of the Pentagon throughout the Cold War. Dubbed the 'city buster', the 308 silos built were constantly held up by the US Air Force as an awesome threat that justified a new round of American missile or anti-missile systems. On the other hand, the Americans were never motivated to build and deploy corresponding numbers of their equivalent, the liquid propellant Titan 2. Derivatives of the R-36 included the R-36-O orbital bombing system, the Tsiklon-2 and -3 medium orbital launch vehicles, and the replacement R-36M missiles. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the design and manufacturing facility ended up in independent Ukraine. Accordingly the missile was finally retired in the 1990's, conveniently in accordance with arms reduction agreements with the Americans. More...
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Tsiklon-2A Ukrainian orbital launch vehicle. Minimal modification of the R-36 ICBM used in replacement of Chelomei's cancelled UR-200 booster for initial launches of the IS ASAT and US naval radarsat. Development was authorized in late 1965 and first launch was made before the end of 1967. It flew only eight times before being replaced by the definitive Tsyklon-2 space launch vehicle. More...
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Tsiklon-2 Ukrainian orbital launch vehicle. A government decree of 24 August 1965 ordered development by Yangel of a version of his R-36 rocket to orbit Chelomei's IS (Istrebitel Sputnik) ASAT and US (Upravlenniye Sputnik) naval intelligence satellites. The Tyklon 2 definitive operational version replaced the 11K67 launch vehicle from 1969 and was an adaptation of the 8K69 (SS-9) two stage ICBM. The IS and US Raketoplan-derived payloads had their own engines for insertion into final orbit. More...
Associated Manufacturers and Agencies
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Chelomei Russian manufacturer of rockets, spacecraft, and rocket engines. Chelomei Design Bureau, Reutov, Russia. More...
Bibliography
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McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page (launch records), Harvard University, 1997-present. Web Address when accessed: here.
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JPL Mission and Spacecraft Library, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1997. Web Address when accessed: here.
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Voevodin, Sergey A, "Sergey A. Voevodin's Reports", VSA072 - Space Apparatus, Web Address when accessed: here.
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Zheleznyakov, Aleksandr, "Istrebitel Sputnikov", Istoriya Rossiyskoi Sovetskoi Kosmonavtiki, Aleksandr Krasnikov Web Page, 1998. Web Address when accessed: here.
Associated Launch Sites
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Baikonur Russia's largest cosmodrome, the only one used for manned launches and with facilities for the larger Proton, N1, and Energia launch vehicles. The spaceport ended up on foreign soil after the break-up of Soviet Union. The official designations NIIP-5 and GIK-5 are used in official Soviet histories. It was also universally referred to as Tyuratam by both Soviet military staff and engineers, and the US intelligence agencies. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union the Russian Federation has insisted on continued use of the old Soviet 'public' name of Baikonur. In its Kazakh (Kazak) version this is rendered Baykonur. More...
IS-P Chronology
1968 April 24 - .
16:00 GMT - .
Launch Site:
Baikonur.
Launch Complex:
Baikonur LC90/20.
LV Family:
Tsiklon.
Launch Vehicle:
Tsiklon-2A.
- Cosmos 217 - .
Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: USSR. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft: IS-P. Decay Date: 1968-04-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 3216 . COSPAR: 1968-036A. Apogee: 179 km (111 mi). Perigee: 140 km (80 mi). Inclination: 62.3000 deg. Period: 87.70 min. Summary: Unsuccessful launch of ASAT target. Satellite did not separate from last rocket stage. Planned launch of interceptor cancelled..
1968 October 19 - .
04:20 GMT - .
Launch Site:
Baikonur.
Launch Complex:
Baikonur LC90/19.
LV Family:
Tsiklon.
Launch Vehicle:
Tsiklon-2A.
- Cosmos 248 - .
Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: USSR. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft: IS-P. Decay Date: 1980-02-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 3503 . COSPAR: 1968-090A. Apogee: 543 km (337 mi). Perigee: 475 km (295 mi). Inclination: 62.3000 deg. Period: 94.80 min. Summary: ASAT target. Intercepted repeatedly by Cosmos 249 on 20 October; destroyed by Cosmos 252 on 1 November..
1969 August 6 - .
05:40 GMT - .
Launch Site:
Baikonur.
Launch Complex:
Baikonur LC90/19.
Launch Pad: LC90/pad?.
LV Family:
Tsiklon.
Launch Vehicle:
Tsiklon-2.
- Cosmos 291 - .
Payload: IS-P Mass Model. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Nation: USSR. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft: IS-P. Decay Date: 1969-09-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 4058 . COSPAR: 1969-066A. Apogee: 548 km (340 mi). Perigee: 144 km (89 mi). Inclination: 62.2000 deg. Period: 91.40 min. Summary: Test of Tsyklon 2 booster; ASAT target mass model. Did not enter typical target orbit due to lack of on-board engine. Simulated launch of ASAT interceptor planned for the next day was cancelled..
1970 October 20 - .
05:38 GMT - .
Launch Site:
Baikonur.
Launch Complex:
Baikonur LC90/19.
Launch Pad: LC90/pad?.
LV Family:
Tsiklon.
Launch Vehicle:
Tsiklon-2.
- Cosmos 373 - .
Mass: 650 kg (1,430 lb). Nation: USSR. Agency: PKO. Class: Military. Type: Anti-satellite system target. Spacecraft: IS-P. Decay Date: 1980-03-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 4590 . COSPAR: 1970-087A. Apogee: 1,103 km (685 mi). Perigee: 510 km (310 mi). Inclination: 62.9000 deg. Period: 101.00 min. Summary: ASAT target. Maneuvered twice to provide target for Cosmos 374 and 375 interceptors..
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