Archives

September 2012

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
            1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30            

Recently in Bombardier Category



GENEVA, Switzerland -- In 1980, the National Film Board of Canada commissioned a young director named Stephen Low to document an ambitious plan to revive struggling Canadair by developing an advanced business jet -- the Challenger.

The rest of the story is now well-known. After surviving a disastrous crash in flight test, the Challenger went on to become one of history's most successful business jet programmes. The Bill Lear-inspired project not only revived Canadair and revolutionized the business jet industry by introducing the first supercritical airfoil and turbofan engines. A close derivative of the Challenger -- the CRJ100 -- went on to almost single-handedly create the regional jet boom in the early 1990s, and even now continues in production as the Bombardier CRJ700/900/1000 series.

The documentary, entitled Challenger: An Industrial Romance, also marks an early masterpiece by Low, who has become a legend in aviation film. Low has more recently directed "Legends of Flight" and "Fighter Pilot: Operation Red Flag", while also making his mark in mainstream movies with Rocky Mountain Express.

Even 32 years later, Low's documentary on the Challenger project remains one of the most in-depth and insightful records of the development of a mass-produced aircraft. Canadair granted Low seemingly all-access rights within the programme, with cameras allowed to capture boardrooms meetings, assembly work and sales strategizing. It's also a time capsule of the technology and marketing standards of late-1970s. 


Pratt & Whitney allowed a group of reporters on board the 747SP flying testbed today at Bradley airport near Hartford, Connecticut. Two days ago, the former Korean Air airliner now owned by P&W completed the first flight of the PW1217G, the engine designed to power the Mitsubishi Regional Jet (MRJ). It's another step towards the introduction of a new kind of engine featuring a new kind of propulsion technology -- a 113kg (250lb) gear that decouples the speeds of the fan and low pressure compressor.  If Bombardier's schedule holds, a different version of the geared turbofan will fly for the first time aboard the CSeries by the end of this year.


ana mrj.gifIn this decade's great narrowbody race, Mitsubishi became the first runner to publicly stumble -- again.

The Japanese airframer warned us in February that first flight of the Mitsubishi Regional Jet (MRJ) would be delayed from the second quarter this year.

This morning, the MRJ programme announced first flight is indeed postponed 15-18 months to the fourth quarter of 2014, which is the third quarter of the Japanese fiscal year. First delivery to launch customer All Nippon Airlines is delayed at least 18-24 months to between October 2015 to March 2016.

Mitsubishi_MRJ.jpgThe delays slightly reshuffle the official order of appearance of the six major narrowbodies now in development. The Bombardier CSeries still comes first in 2013, although there are growing doubts about this timeframe. The re-engined Airbus A320neo is scheduled to enter service in 2015. Then comes either the MRJ or the Russian MS-21 starting from late 2015 to 2016, respectively. Embraer has said the next generation E-Jet should appear between 2016-2018. Boeing, finally, has pegged entry into service of the re-engined 737 Max in 2017.

Although the MRJ programme is only four years old, this is actually the second major delay announcement. The first postponement came at the Asian Aerospace airshow in Singapore in February 2010. Mitsubishi pushed back first flight by a year as it dumped the carbon fibre wings for simpler aluminium alloy and unveiled a stretched 90-seater.

We don't know exactly why another programme delay was necessary. Mitsubishi reassures the Pratt & Whitney PW1127G geared turbofan development is going smoohtly, with first flight of the engine on a testbed aircraft scheduled later this month. MRJ only says cryptically that the latest delay will allow the designers to "confirm respective fabrication processes" and "provide sufficient time for technical studies".  


Three weeks ago Embraer was "seriously studying the possibiliy of a return to turboprop manufacture".

Not anymore.

Today. we asked Frederico Curado, Embraer chief executive, if there was any chance that Embraer might still launch a new turboprop to compete with the Bombardier Q400 and the ATR 42/72 family.

Curado, who held a press conference at the US Chamber of Commerce, said "no" in no uncertain terms. He also may have sneaked in a veiled dig at his Canadian rival, claiming the turboprop market can sustain only one manufacturer. Embraer competes with Bombardier on regional jets, but not directly with ATR on regional turboprops.

Here's the transcript of our conversation:

FLIGHTGLOBAL: Some of your competitors are looking at new turboprops and you have looked at that in the past as well, the recent past. Have you looked at that again in the recent - very recent - past perhaps as those developments, you know, continue?

CURADO: Your question is about turboprops and whether we have looked at that recently. The answer is yes we have. And again we continue - we don't think this is the best investment today. Last year, some roughly 150 or so turboprops were sold. The numbers are not precise but let's say 150 or 143 were sold by ATR [ED: ATR actually sold 157], and only seven or nine Q400s [ED: It was seven]. It just confirmed our assessment of the market that this is a market which has a size for one manufacturer. Two may be already kind of complicated. And a third player? Unless there is a huge breakthrough in technology, which we don't see there - the engines can probably bring some advantage - but it's too small a market to justify a huge investment in our point of view. We are really focusing on the E-Jets for the time-being. 
Narrowbody Battle
Despite claiming significant performance and operating economic advantages over its narrowbody competitors, top lessors appear unwilling to embrace the Bombardier CSeries on two criteria outside of the control of its engineers: Price and residual value.

"Something's missing I can't explain it," says Steven Udvar-Hazy, chairman and CEO of Air Lease Corp. 

"We've had offers. They're not attractive compared to Embraer," which has successfully sold 30 aircraft to ALC, says Hazy, who believes there's a disconnect between what the market is willing to pay for the CSeries versus what Bombardier believes the aircraft's capabilities are worth.

Bombardier says the PW1524G-powered CSeries improves fuel burn by 20% and cash operating costs by 15% on a per seat basis compared to its Boeing and Airbus competitors and provides a range up to 5,500 km (2,950 nm).

"It's not magic, it's physics," says Chet Fuller, Bombardier senior vice president, sales, marketing and asset management of the aircraft's performance. 

"The the fuel consumption on the airplane looks very, very good. Looks like we're going to make exactly the right thrust with right [specific fuel consumption] at entry into service. Program weight is going to be at spec, basically, at EIS," he says.

Bombardier has garnered 138 firm orders for the CSeries, plus 134 options and purchase rights and 45 commitments - including two lessors - for the aircraft and JP Morgan aerospace industry analyst Joe Nadol sees a coming Chinese CSeries order, causing him to list Bombardier's stock as his top pick for April.

"When you build an airplane with all those capabilities, can you get paid a premium for them?  The counter argument to those capabilities is to only build and charge what customers really need and perhaps this is why the Embraer 190/195 program has been so successful." says Jeff Knittel, CIT president of transportation finance.

Boeing's all-new 787 and its composite materials and more-electric architecture did not receive a premium during the first several years of its sales run, building a backlog that has hampered near-term unit profitability of the program. 

Embraer's own focus for growing its market share has centered around acquisition cost, for example arranging a financing deal with Flybe to ensure trip-costs of its 75-seat E-175 were able to match those of Bombardier's more fuel efficient Q400 turboprop.

Knittel explains the performance of the CSeries is attractive: "I've never had somebody not take an airplane from me as a lessor because it's had too much range," says Knittel, "they may not pay extra for the capability, but they'll always take it." 

The conundrum for Bombardier is two-fold, say industry officials. The first, they say, Bombardier believes a drop in price could tarnish the value of the aircraft's new technology, irreparably injuring the profit potential.

Bombardier CEO Pierre Beaudoin have reiterated his comfort with the company's pricing strategy, which places the list price for the CS100 and CS300 at $58.28 and $66.57 million, respectively, says the airframer.

Both figures remain below the list prices for the smaller aircraft in the Airbus A320 and Boeing 737 families, and their re-engined Neo and Max equivalents. However, both airframers have sufficiently deep pockets to pitch their offers well below those levels. Embraer's list price for its E-195 stands at approximately $47 million, albeit with older powerplants than the CSeries.

Yet, Hazy sees the airframer caught between two difficult positions about establishing the aircraft in the market: "What's going to be the residual value in 10 years, 15, I don't know? It depends on the customer base. They've got to build the customer base. Even if it means sacrificing pricing, because if they don't, they won't have a successful program."

The second centers on the cost of production:

"The question is can you produce an airplane cheap enough to make sense in that space? Because it is about economics, when you shrink airplanes, it tends to be expensive," says Knittel.

For Boeing and Airbus and its existing customer base, the trend toward larger narrowbodies, have moved away from smaller 737-700 and A319 models, heavily weighted to the larger A320-200 and 737-800. On a per seat basis, a larger aircraft can garner a higher price compared to the cost to build each model.

Sandwiched between Boeing and Airbus' duopoly pricing and high rate production, Hazy says Bombardier all-new CSeries will be further pressed as Embraer charts a re-engined 4-12 seat stretch of the E-190 and E-195 model E-Jets.

Hazy says the incremental development strategy Embraer has adopted for its next generation E-Jets allows the Brazilian airframer to compete on price, by adopting the newest generation of engines for a comparatively lower cost to design and industrialise with its existing infrastructure. 

Photos Credit Airbus, Boeing & Bombardier
CSeries FTV1

SCOTTSDALE -- Bombardier released today the first photo of the forward fuselage structure of FTV1, its first CSeries CS100 flight test vehicle, currently under fabrication at its facilities in Mirabel, Quebec. The aircraft is expected to fly in late 2012 or early 2013.

Photo Credit Bombardier

Late last month in New York City, Bombardier CEO Pierre Beaudoin addressed the Wings Club, mounting a defense of his company's aerospace unit's CSeries program. Beaudoin's tone was confident, rebutting the arguments of the duopoly the Canadian airframer is facing, despite the CSeries competition with only the smallest Boeing and Airbus models. 

The complete 22min unedited audio of the speech was posted by Bombardier and is available above.

Afterward, Beaudoin took questions from the audience, and I asked - despite his extended defense of the CSeries's market and execution - what was keeping Mr. Beaudoin up at night about the development of the new 110 to 149-seat aircraft.

His reply:
I think one of the challenges in our industry - if you talk about aerospace - is to manage these very complex development projects with as much visibility as we can. And I think that's the challenge, when we push our teams enough to get the maximum out of them at the same time not to push them too much so they stop reporting problems.

I think one of the big challenges in aviation is when there's an airplane development, it's easy to criticize your engineering team and say, you know, "don't bring those problems to me", but if you say that as leaders we're not going to hear about the problems.

We have to realize these are huge projects, we put about 100,000 parts together, they have to come together, they have to work and they have to deliver the performance. To be supportive and at the same time to challenge the team.

So, that's one of the challenges that keeps me up. Are we pushing enough? At the same time are we hearing about all the issues? Because you are investing millions and millions and you want to not disappoint your customer and build your products on time.
Beaudoin's answer was a fascinating one, and a natural concern while looking at the recent history of troubled aerospace programs, but his comment suggests that the internal transparency of the program is something that concerns him. Beaudoin appears to ask a question of culture, where teams organized to "get the maximum out" of each member.

A central component of Dr. Theodore F. Piepenbrock's Evolution of Business Ecosystems - or Red/Blue - examines the relationship structure, or architecture, of organizations. The CSeries supply chain, which closely mirrors that of the 787's globally distributed model, places an emphasis on a more-transactional, less-integrated architecture, with design and manufacturing responsibility located outside the four walls of Bombardier. In a mature market like commercial aerospace, an integral - or "Red" - model has demonstrated itself to yield sustained long-term success, says Piepenbrock's work.

This "modular" or "Blue" architecture between stakeholders, is one that the airframer is familiar: "We know our processes work, ever since the Global [Express] we've been making planes like this with international supply chains so we know it works," said Bombardier's Ben Boehm in October 2010. In short, Bombardier aims to do "blue" better than Boeing did on 787. 

Would Beaudoin's concerns be different if the Bombardier's commercial aerospace programs were organized differently?
BA-Privatair-CS100-Crop_560.jpg
As part of its PrivatAir CSeries CS100 order announced yesterday, Bombardier provided a significant allusion to one of its unannounced customers.
"Included among the 11 customers that have selected the CSeries aircraft are major network carriers, national carriers, premium airlines serving city centre airports, a low-cost airline, leasing companies and now, with the order from PrivatAir announced today, a full service provider to airline partners," said Philippe Poutissou, Vice President, Marketing, Bombardier Commercial Aircraft. 
The orders are indicated as follows: Firm orders for Republic Airways, Lufthansa, Lease Corporation International, Korean Air, Braathens Aviation, an unidentified major network carrier, an unidentified European customer, a well-established, unidentified airline, and letters of intent from Atlasjet and Ilyushin Finance.

With PrivatAir specifically not included in its list of operator descriptions above, Bombardier appears to be tipping its hand about its prospects for already having secured a premium configured CSeries operating out of a city center airport, like that of London City, which sounds an awful lot like the rumoured Odyssey Airlines.

Photo Credit Bombardier
BA-CIASTA-Interior_900.jpg
"It'll fly when it's ready", as goes the perennial line from aerospace leaders about the maiden flight of new aircraft.

In a wide-ranging interview yesterday, Stephen Trimble and myself sat down with CSeries vice president and general manager Rob Dewar, covering what's ahead as the CS100, the aircraft maker's first clean sheet commercial aircraft design, pushes toward its goal of flying at the end of 2012 and entering service late next year with its undisclosed launch customer.

The margin for error is gone, acknowledged Commercial Aerospace president Guy Hachey, during October's National Business Aviation Association in Las Vegas, so hitting every note over the next 24 months is the path to meeting the schedule. Though CEO Pierre Beaudoin says a three to six month slip to the first half of 2014 falls within the realm of acceptable delays.

CIASTA - the Complete Integrated Aircraft Systems Test Area - Bombardier's "iron bird" began commissioning systems late in December, with its Aircraft 0 beginning tests on the pedestal, throttle quadrant and FADEC software. That activation is the first of many systems that will come to life inside CIASTA over the first quarter of this year. 

What makes CIASTA different from other "iron bird" systems integration rigs is Bombardier's emphasis on having every non-fuel system running inside the building. On one side of the facility, accounting for 90% of the aircraft's systems, is the hydraulics, avionics, electrics and primary flight controls, known as the Integrated Systems Test and Certification Rig (ISTCR). 

On the other, a complete cabin systems and Environmental Control System (ECS) demonstrator with pressurization, heating, cooling, lighting and cabin management systems, accompanied by smaller test laboratories and a CAE-supplied engineering simulator.

The on-site expansiveness exceeds that of both the Boeing's 787 Integrated Test Vehicle (ITV) (pdf) and Airbus's Aircraft 0 iron bird

"This is really the first time someone has really made sure we integrated all the systems, all the software in a real aircraft production configuration in one building," said Dewar, who says 4,800h of testing are planned for the facility.

In short, CIASTA is a structureless reproduction of the the CS100.

BA-CIASTA_900.jpg
Moving toward production of the first "structured" CS100, the static test airframe will be first to inaugurate its final assembly facilities, which will eventually be sized for a rate of 20 aircraft per month or one aircraft per manufacturing day. The center wing box for that aircraft, called the Complete Aircraft Static (CAS) test article has been delivered to its Belfast, Northern Ireland facility.

At Mirabel Airport's final assembly line, Dewar says the plastic comes off of the first set of tooling next week and all its tools will be in place later in the quarter. 

After the static airframe, Bombardier will build five test aircraft dubbed its Flight Test Vehicles (FTV). FTV1 will be the first 100 to 125-seat CS100 to fly around year's end, kicking off a 2,400h flight test program. Part of its certification trials will include a 180min extended operations (ETOPS) certification for over-water flights, such as those connecting London City Airport and New York.

Such a mission was part of the initial requirements for the CSeries, and the aircraft maker confirmed it is in "advanced discussions" with a customer for an all-business class layout.

The CS300, due in 2014, will add two additional FTVs for certification of the stretched jet.

With its late-2013 first handover planned, CSeries production will see a gradual ramp up, delivering 40 aircraft in 2014, 80 in 2015 and 120 in 2016. Delivery slots for 2014 and 2015 are both sold out and 2016's positions are 60% booked.

Photos Credit Bombardier
Chet-Fuller_560.jpg
Chet Fuller, senior vice president at Bombardier Commercial Aircraft, sat down with Canada's Business News Network last month for an extended interview discussing the ins and outs of the CSeries and what it takes to sell the new 125 to 149-seat jet to the world's airlines. 

Interestingly, the conversation does not touch on the tactic of price as a weapon in a sales battle, an often blunt instrument that Boeing and Airbus have used to maintain their edge in the duopoly. Fuller continually emphasizes the technical merits of the aircraft as its selling point and his fierce belief that the capabilities of the aircraft are its trump card.

Additionally, Phillipe Poutissou, Bombardier Commercial Aircraft marketing vice president, sat down with Air Insight's Addison Schonland recently to discuss progress on the new program and he provides an update on the Complete Integrated Aircraft Systems Test Area (CIASTA) "iron bird" test facility which will come online to mature the aircraft's systems prior to the start of flight testing. The CSeries is slated to make its first flight later this year, followed by it service entry late in 2013.

The candid interview with Fuller runs 30min in three parts and can be found here. At the end of each 10min segment, the video will automatically advance to the next part, though you can find links here for parts one, two and three. Enjoy! 

Editor's Note: I'm just back from a week's vacation which took me all over the southeast United States on a 2,300mi road trip across Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee. It was a much-needed break and I'm rested and ready for 2012. Happy New Year, everyone!

Cookies & Privacy