Template:Cite book

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Citation Style 1 templates

{{Cite arXiv}}	arXiv preprint
{{Cite AV media}}	audio and visual
{{Cite AV media notes}}	audio and visual liner notes
{{Cite book}}	books
{{Cite conference}}	conference papers
{{Cite DVD notes}}	DVD liner notes
{{Cite encyclopedia}}	edited collections
{{Cite episode}}	radio or television episodes
{{Cite interview}}	interviews
{{Cite journal}}	magazines, journals, academic papers
{{Cite mailing list}}	public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}	maps
{{Cite news}}	news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}	online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}	audio or video podcast
{{Cite press release}}	press releases
{{Cite serial}}	audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}	signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}	speeches
{{Cite techreport}}	technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}	theses
{{Cite web}}	web sources

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for books. When citing an article in a periodical, use {{cite journal}}. For edited collections, use {{cite encyclopedia}}.

Usage

Copy a blank version to use. All parameter names must be in lowercase. Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Delete unused parameters to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples may include the current date. If the date is not current, then the page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format

To cite a book with a credited author {{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |page= |isbn= |accessdate= }} To cite a book with no credited author {{cite book |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |page= |date= |isbn= |accessdate= }} To cite an online book that has been archived {{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |deadurl= |location= |publisher= |isbn= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= }} To cite a book written in a foreign language {{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans_title= |url= |language= |location= |publisher= |isbn= |accessdate= }} To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language book re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription {{cite book |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans_title= |url= |deadurl= |format= |language= |location= |publisher= |isbn= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= |via= |subscription= |quote= }}

Full parameter set in horizontal format

{{cite book |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask= |author-name-separator= |author-separator= |lastauthoramp= |date= |year= |origyear= |chapter= |trans_chapter= |chapterurl= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editor3-last= |editor3-first= |editor3-link= |editor4-last= |editor4-first= |editor4-link= |editor5-last= |editor5-first= |editor5-link= |display-editors= |title= |trans_title= |url= |deadurl= |format= |type= |series= |language= |volume= |issue= |others= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-date= |page= |pages= |at= |nopp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi_brokendate= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= |via= |registration= |subscription= |laysummary= |laysource= |laydate= |quote= |separator= |postscript= |ref= }}

Full parameter set in vertical format

Vertical list	Prerequisites	Brief instructions / notes
{{cite book | last1 = | first1 = | author-link1 = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | last3 = | first3 = | author-link3 = | last4 = | first4 = | author-link4 = | last5 = | first5 = | author-link5 = | display-authors = | author-mask = | author-name-separator = | author-separator = | lastauthoramp = | date = | year = | origyear = | chapter = | trans_chapter = | chapterurl = | editor1-last = | editor1-first = | editor1-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | editor3-last = | editor3-first = | editor3-link = | editor4-last = | editor4-first = | editor4-link = | editor5-last = | editor5-first = | editor5-link = | display-editors = | title = | trans_title = | url = | deadurl = | format = | type = | series = | language = | volume = | issue = | others = | edition = | location = | publisher = | publication-date = | page = | pages = | at = | nopp = | arxiv = | asin = | bibcode = | doi = | doi_brokendate = | isbn = | issn = | jfm = | jstor = | lccn = | mr = | oclc = | ol = | osti = | pmc = | pmid = | rfc = | ssrn = | zbl = | id = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | accessdate = | via = | registration = | subscription = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = | separator = | postscript = | ref = }}	last or last1 last or last1 last1 last2 author-last2 last2 last3 author-last3 last3 last4 author-last4 last4 last5 author-last5 last or last1 last or last1 last or last1 last or last1 last or last1 year or date chapter chapter editor1-last editor1-last editor1-last editor2-last editor2-last editor2-last editor3-last editor3-last editor3-last editor4-last editor4-last editor4-last editor5-last editor5-last title url url publisher page or pages doi archivedate archiveurl url laysummary laysummary	may also use |last= may also use |first= may also use |author-link= last6, last7, last8, ad infinitum first6, first7, first8, ad infinitum author-link6, author-link7, author-link8, ad infinitum do not wikilink |chapter= if |chapterurl= is provided may also use |editor-last= may also use |editor-first= may also use |editor-link= editor6-last, editor7-last, editor8-last, ad infinitum editor6-first, editor7-first, editor8-first, ad infinitum editor6-link, editor7-link, editor8-link, ad infinitum choose one: |page=, |pages= or |at= choose one: |page=, |pages= or |at=. When content on multiple pages supports the article text. choose one: |page=, |pages= or |at= set |nopp=yes to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers always include ISBN if one has been assigned

• If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.

Examples

Title

• {{cite book |title=Mysterious book}}

Mysterious Book. 

Title and year

• {{cite book |title=Mysterious book |date=1901}}

Mysterious Book. 1901. 

Basic usage (single author)

• {{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |authorlink=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}

Bloggs, Joe (1974). Book of Bloggs. 

Basic usage (two authors)

• {{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |authorlink1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Bloggs |first2=Fred |authorlink2=Fred Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}

Bloggs, Joe; Bloggs, Fred (1974). Book of Bloggs. 

Basic usage with url (and accessdate) and edition

• {{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |authorlink=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs |edition=1st |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |accessdate=February 17, 2006}}

Bloggs, Joe (1974). Book of Bloggs (1st ed.). Retrieved February 17, 2006. 

Citing a chapter in a book with different authors for different chapters and an editor

• {{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Fred |editor-first=John |editor-last=Doe |title=Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors |publisher=Book Publishers |date=January 1, 2001 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family |isbn=978-1-234-56789-7}}

Bloggs, Fred (January 1, 2001). "Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family". In Doe, John. Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors. Book Publishers. pp. 100–110. ISBN 978-1-234-56789-7. 

Citing a chapter in a book with two joint authors and an editor

• {{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |last2=Egg |first2=Fred |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors |publisher=Book Publishers |date=January 1, 2001 |origyear=1st. Pub. 1986 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 6: Getting There |chapterurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |isbn=978-1-234-56789-7 |lastauthoramp=y}}

Bloggs, Joe & Egg, Fred (January 1, 2001) [1st. Pub. 1986]. "Chapter 6: Getting There". In Doe, John. Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors. Book Publishers. pp. 100–110. ISBN 978-1-234-56789-7. 

Three authors, title with a piped wikilink, edition

• {{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |authorlink1=Joe Bloggs |first2=John |last2=Smith |first3=Jim |last3=Smythe |title=[[A Thousand Acres|1000 Acres]] |edition=2nd}}

Bloggs, Joe; Smith, John; Smythe, Jim. 1000 Acres (2nd ed.). 

Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (without volume and lastauthoramp)

• {{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |first2=Commander G.M.S |last2=Stitt |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last3=Molony |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |last4=Toomer |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-last=Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2007 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3}}

Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; Stitt, Commander G.M.S; Molony, Brigadier C.J.C.; Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S.E. (2007) [1st. pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3. 

Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (with volume and lastauthoramp)

• {{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |first2=Commander G.M.S |last2=Stitt |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last3=Molony |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |last4=Toomer |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-last=Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East |volume=Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2007 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |lastauthoramp=y}}

Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; Stitt, Commander G.M.S; Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S.E. (2007) [1st. pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. Mediterranean and Middle East. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3. 

Date without day, wikilinked title and publisher, pages, edition, location

• {{cite book |last1=Cordell |first1=Bruce R. |last2=Grubb |first2=Jeff |last3=Noonan |first3=David |date=September 2001 |title=[[Manual of the Planes]] |edition=3rd |publisher=[[Wizards of the Coast]] |location=Renton, Wash. |isbn=0-7869-1850-0 |pages=134–137}}

Cordell, Bruce R.; Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David (September 2001). Manual of the Planes (3rd ed.). Renton, Wash.: Wizards of the Coast. pp. 134–137. ISBN 0-7869-1850-0. 

Other language

• {{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Jean |date=1974 |title=Livre de Bloggs |edition=1st |language=French |trans_title=Book of Bloggs |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |accessdate=February 17, 2006}}

Bloggs, Jean (1974). Livre de Bloggs [Book of Bloggs] (in French) (1st ed.). Retrieved February 17, 2006. 

Using a DOI

• {{cite book |last=Mumford |first=David |authorlink=David Mumford |date=1999 |title=The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians |edition=2nd |publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] |doi=10.1007/b62130 |isbn=354063293X}}

Mumford, David (1999). The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians (2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/b62130. ISBN 354063293X. 

Using author-mask parameter

• {{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=Commander G.M.S |last3=Molony |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |lastauthoramp=y}}

Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; Stitt, Commander G.M.S; Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S.E. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3. 

• {{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=Captain F.C. (R.N.) |last3=Molony |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans come to the help of their Ally (1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:19541956 |isbn=1-845740-66-1 |lastauthoramp=y |author-mask=2}}

——; Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.); Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S.E. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:19541956]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans Come to the Help of Their Ally (1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-66-1. 

• {{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=Captain F.C. (R.N.) |last3=Molony |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last4=Gleave |first4=Group Captain T.P. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=Sir James |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:19541960 |isbn=1-845740-67-X |lastauthoramp=y |author-mask=2}}

——; Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.); Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:19541960]. Butler, Sir James, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes Reach Their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-67-X. 

Using display-authors parameter

• {{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=Commander G.M.S |last3=Molony |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]] |r=1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |display-authors=1}}

Playfair, Major-General I.S.O. et al. (1954) [1st. pub. HMSO]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3. 

Parameters

Syntax

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

• parent
• OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
  • child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
  • OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)

Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

COinS

This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See: Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

• Use |date=27 September 2007 not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)

Use of templates within the citation template, is generally discouraged as many of these templates will add a lot of extraneous HTML or CSS that will be rendered in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example  , –, etc, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters:

• |periodical=, |journal=, |newspaper=, |magazine=, |work=, |website=, |encyclopedia=, |encyclopaedia=, |dictionary=
• |chapter=, |contribution=, |entry=, |article=, |section=
• |title=
• |publicationplace=, |publication-place=
• |date=, |year=, |publicationdate=, |publication-date=
• |series=
• |volume=
• |issue=, |number=
• |page=, |pages=, |at=
• |edition=
• |publisher=, |distributor=, |institution=
• |url=
• |chapterurl=, |chapter-url=, |contributionurl=, |contribution-url=, |sectionurl=
• |author#=, |Author#=, |authors#=, |author#-last=, |author-last#=, |last#=, |surname#=
• any of the identifiers (|isbn=, |issn=, |doi=, |pmc=, etc)

Deprecated

The following parameters are deprecated. Their use will place the page into Category:Pages containing cite templates with deprecated parameters:

• day · month: Use date to include the day, month and year.
• coauthor · coauthors: Use last# / first# or author or authors

Description

Authors

• last: Surname of author. Do not wikilink—use authorlink instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: last1, author, authors, author1.
  • first: Given or first names of author, including title(s); for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use authorlink instead. Aliases: first1. Requires last; first name will not display if last is empty.
  • OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through lastn, firstn where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each firstn requires a corresponding lastn). By default, if nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and "et al." will show in place of the last author. See the display parameters to change. Aliases: author1 through authorn.

• authorlink: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: authorlink1, author-link, author1-link, author1link.
• OR: for multiple authors, use authorlink1 through authorlinkn. Aliases: author1-link through authorn-link.

• coauthors: (deprecated) Names of coauthors. Requires author, authors, or lastn Include coauthors in author or authors or use separate authorn or lastn/firstn to list coauthors.
• others: To record other contributors to the work, such as Illustrated by John Smith or Translated by John Smith.

When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field or else the anchor will not match the inline link.

Title

• title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in italics.
  • trans_title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title; if url is defined, then trans_title is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.

Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.

newline	[	]	|
space	[	]	|

• type: Provides additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, CD liner, Press release.

• chapter: The chapter heading of the source. May be wikilinked or may use chapter-url, but not both. Displays in quotes.
  • trans_chapter: English translation of the chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after the chapter field; if chapter-url is defined, then trans_chapter is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.

• language: The language the source is written in, if not English. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name. Use the full language name or ISO 639-1 code; use of ISO 639-1 also adds appropriate language categorization; do not use icons or templates.

Date

• date: Date of source being referenced. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Required when year is used to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.^[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher. For acceptable date formats, see Help:Citation Style 1#Dates.

For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900; for no date, add as |date=n.d.

• OR:
  • year: Year of source being referenced. Required with some types of {{sfn}} citations;^[more] otherwise use date.
  • month: (deprecated) Name of the month or season of publication. Use date instead.
• origyear: Original publication year; displays after the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |origyear=First published 1859 or |origyear=Composed 1904.

Publisher

• publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The publisher is the company that publishes the work being cited. Do not use the publisher parameter for the name of a work (e.g., a book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, website). Not normally used for periodicals. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc" or "GmbH" are not usually included. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes The New York Times newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after title; if work is defined, then publisher is enclosed in parentheses.
• place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the location; examples: The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title; if work is defined, then location is enclosed in parentheses. Alias: location
• publication-place: If any one of publication-place, place or location are defined, then the location shows after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location are shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title.
• publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.
• via: Name of the content deliverer (if different from publisher) that presents the source in a format other than the original (e.g. NewsBank); or when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer; or where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO); or if the deliverer requests attribution; or as suggested in WP:The Wikipedia Library (e.g. Credo, HighBeam). |via= permits adding a level of detail to "say where you found it" within the syntax of the citation template. |via= is not intended to replace |publisher=. See also |registration= and |subscription=.

Edition, series, volume

• edition: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised" etc. Displays " ed." after this field, so |edition=2nd produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.

• series or version: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted.

• volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; volumes of four characters or less display in bold.

In-source locations

• page: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Displays preceded by p. unless |nopp=y.
• OR: pages: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by pp. unless |nopp=y. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use |at=.
  • nopp: Set to y to suppress the p. or pp. notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover.
• OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by |page= or |pages=. Use only one of |page=, |pages=, or |at=.

Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.

URL

• url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove spurious tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. #ixzz2rBr3aO94 or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=.... Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon.com. See: WP:PAGELINKS.
  • accessdate: Full date when original URL was accessed; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations; requires url. Do not wikilink. Not required for web pages or linked documents that do not change; mainly for use of web pages that change frequently or have no publication date. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors.
  • archiveurl: The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite (see: Wikipedia:Using WebCite) and Internet Archive (see: Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine); requires archivedate and url.
    • archivedate: Date when the original URL was archived; preceded by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink.
    • deadurl: When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set |deadurl=no. This changes the display order with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.
  • template doc demo: The archive parameters will be error checked to ensure that all the required parameters are included, or else {{citation error}} is invoked. With errors, main, help and template pages are placed into Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax. Set |template doc demo=true to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.
• format: Format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. HTML is implied and should not be specified. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.

URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: will require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.

If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

sp	"	'	<	>	[	]	{	|	}
%20	%22	%27	%3c	%3e	%5b	%5d	%7b	%7c	%7d

Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

Anchor

• ref: ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID; such a linkable reference can be made the target of wikilinks to full references, especially useful in short citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value |ref=harv generates an anchor suitable for the {{harv}} template. See: Anchors for Harvard referencing templates.

Identifiers

• id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable.

These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier.

• arxiv: arXiv identifier; for example: arxiv=hep-th/9205027
• asin: Amazon Standard Identification Number
  • asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: ca, cn, co.jp, co.uk, de, es, fr, it
• bibcode: Bibcode; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: 1974AJ.....79..819H
• doi: Digital object identifier; for example: 10.1038/news070508-7. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.).
  • doi_brokendate: Date the DOI is broken; use the same format as other dates in the article.
• isbn: International Standard Book Number; for example: 978-0-8126-9593-9. (See: Wikipedia:ISBN and ISBN). Dashes in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10 digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back to the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9 digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thus, SBN 902888-45-5 should be entered as |isbn=0-902888-45-5. Do not convert a 10 digit ISBN to 13 digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than [0123456789 -] with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10 digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISBN
• issn: International Standard Serial Number; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space.
• jfm: Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik
• jstor: JSTOR abstract; for example: "jstor=3793107" will generate JSTOR 3793107.
• lccn: Library of Congress Control Number
• mr: Mathematical Reviews
• oclc: OCLC
• ol: Open Library
• osti: Office of Scientific and Technical Information
• pmc: PubMed Central; use article number for full-text free repository of a journal article.
  • embargo: Date that pmc goes live; if this date is in the future, then pmc is not linked until that date.
• pmid: PubMed; use unique identifier.
• rfc: Request for Comments
• ssrn: Social Science Research Network
• zbl: Zentralblatt MATH

Quote

• quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote needs to include terminating punctuation.

Editors

• editor-last: Surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor1-last, editor, editors, editorn.
  • editor-first: Given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor1-first.
  • OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-last, editor1-first through editorn-last, editorn-first.

• editor-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor1-link.
• OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-link through editorn-link.

Display:

If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.

If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."

Laysummary

• layurl: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary". Aliases: laysummary.
  • laysource: Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash.
  • laydate: Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses.

Display options

• author-mask: Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set author-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set author-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially. Do not use in a list generated by {{reflist}}, <references /> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed.
• author-name-separator: Controls the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space (, ); if the parameter is present, but blank, separator punctuation is set to the default; a space must be encoded as  .
• author-separator: Controls the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space (; ); if the parameter is present, but blank, separator punctuation is set to the default; a space must be encoded as  .
• display-authors: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of authors, set display-authors to the desired number. For example, |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, all authors are displayed except when there are nine authors, then the author list in the citation is truncated to eight authors, followed by "et al." This exception mimics the older version of the template for compatibility. If a citation contains nine author names and one wishes all nine author names to display, "et al." may be suppressed by setting |display-authors=9. Aliases: displayauthors.
• display-editors: Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed except when there are four editors, then the editor list in the citation is truncated to three editors, followed by "et al." This exception mimics the older version of the template for compatibility. If a citation contains four editor names and one wishes all four editor names to display, "et al." may be suppressed by setting |display-editors=4. Aliases: displayeditors.
• lastauthoramp: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space ( & ) when set to any value. Example: |lastauthoramp=yes
• postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none – leaving |postscript= empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Ignored if quote is defined.
• separator: Controls the punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to a period (.); if the parameter is present, but blank, separator punctuation is set to the default; a space must be encoded as  .

Subscription or registration required

Main page: WP:PAYWALL

These parameters add a link note to the end of the citation:

• registration: For online sources that require registration, set |registration=yes; superseded by subscription if both are set.
• subscription: For online sources that require a subscription, set |subscription=yes; supersedes registration if both are set.

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData documentation for this template used by VisualEditor and other tools.

Cite book

This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.

Template parameters

Parameter		Description	Type	Default	Status
URL	url	The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found	string	empty	optional
Title	title	The title of the book; displays in italics	string	empty	required
Last name	lastlast1authorauthorsauthor1	The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	line	empty	required
First name	firstfirst1	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	line	empty	required
Author link	authorlinkauthorlink1	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Last name of second author	last2author2	The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	line	empty	optional
First name of second author	first2	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	line	empty	optional
Author link for second author	authorlink2	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
date	date	Full date of the source; do not wikilink	string	empty	optional
Work	work	Name of the work in which the cited book text is found	string	empty	optional
Publisher	publisher	Name of the publisher; displays after title	string	empty	suggested
URL access date	accessdate	The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink	string	empty	optional
Others	others	Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'	string	empty	optional
Year of publication	year	Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known	string	empty	suggested
Original year	origyear	Original year of publication; provide specifics	string	empty	optional
ISBN	isbn	International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible	string	empty	suggested
Editor last name	editor-lasteditor1-lasteditoreditors	The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors	line	empty	optional
Editor first name	editor-firsteditor1-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors	line	empty	optional
Editor link	editor-linkeditor1-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Last name of second editor	editor2-last	The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'	line	empty	optional
First name of second editor	editor2-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'	line	empty	optional
Editor2 link	editor2-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Edition	edition	When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed by ' ed.'	string	empty	optional
Series identifier	seriesversion	Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal	string	empty	optional
Volume	volume	For one publication published in several volumes	string	empty	optional
Location of publication	locationplace	Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place	string	empty	suggested
Place of publication	publication-place	Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'	string	empty	optional
Publication date	publication-date	Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink	string	empty	optional
Page	page	The number of a single page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both	string	empty	optional
Page(s) cited	pages	A range of pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both	string	empty	suggested
No pp	nopp	Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')	string	empty	optional
At	at	May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient	string	empty	optional
Language	language	The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates	string	empty	optional
Translated title	trans_title	An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended	string	empty	optional
Chapter	chapter	The chapter heading of the source; may be wikilinked or with 'chapterurl' but not both	string	empty	optional
Translated chapter	trans_chapter	An English language chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended	string	empty	optional
Chapter URL	chapterurlchapter-url	The URL of the online location where the text of the chapter can be found	string	empty	optional
Type	type	Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case	string	empty	optional
Format	format	Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML	string	empty	optional
arXiv identifier	arxiv	An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers	string	empty	optional
ASIN	asin	Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters	string	empty	optional
ASIN TLD	asin-tld	ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US	string	empty	optional
Bibcode	bibcode	Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters	string	empty	optional
DOI	doi	Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'	string	empty	optional
DOI broken date	doi_brokendate	The date that the DOI was determined to be broken	string	empty	optional
ISSN	issn	International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen	string	empty	optional
jfm code	jfm	Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code	string	empty	optional
JSTOR	jstor	JSTOR identifier	string	empty	optional
LCCN	lccn	Library of Congress Control Number	string	empty	optional
MR	mr	Mathematical Reviews identifier	string	empty	optional
OCLC	oclc	Online Computer Library Center number	string	empty	optional
OL	ol	Open Library identifier	string	empty	optional
OSTI	osti	Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier	string	empty	optional
PMC	pmc	PubMed Center article number	string	empty	optional
PMID	pmid	PubMed Unique Identifier	string	empty	optional
RFC	rfc	Request for Comments number	string	empty	optional
SSRN	ssrn	Social Science Research Network	string	empty	optional
Zbl	zbl	Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier	string	empty	optional
id	id	A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable	string	empty	optional
Archive URL	archiveurl	The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'	string	empty	optional
Archive date	archivedate	Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink	string	empty	optional
Dead URL	deadurl	If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live	string	empty	optional
Quote	quote	Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation	string	empty	optional
Ref	ref	An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv template	string	empty	optional
Separator	separator	The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark	string	.	optional
Postscript	postscript	The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined	string	.	optional
Lay URL	layurllaysummary	URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source	string	empty	optional
Lay source	laysource	Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash	string	empty	optional
Lay date	laydate	Date of the summary; displays in parentheses	string	empty	optional
Last name	last3author3	The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'.	line	empty	optional
First name	first3	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.	line	empty	optional
Author link	authorlink3author3-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Last name	last4author4	The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'.	line	empty	optional
First name	first4	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.	line	empty	optional
Author link	authorlink4author4-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Last name	last5author5	The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'.	line	empty	optional
First name	first5	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.	line	empty	optional
Author link	authorlink5author5-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Last name	last6author6	The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'.	line	empty	optional
First name	first6author6-link	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.	line	empty	optional
Author link	authorlink6	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Last name	last7author7	The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'.	line	empty	optional
First name	first7	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.	line	empty	optional
Author link	authorlink7author7-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Last name	last8author8	The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'.	line	empty	optional
First name	first8	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.	line	empty	optional
Author link	authorlink8author8-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Last name	last9author9	The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.	line	empty	optional
First name	first9	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.	line	empty	optional
Author link	authorlink9author9-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.	wiki-page-name	empty	optional
Author mask	author-mask	Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead	string	empty	optional
Author name separator	author-name-separator	Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark	string	,	optional
Author separator	author-separator	Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark	string	;	optional
Display authors	display-authorsdisplayauthors	number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used; default is to do so after 8 of 9 are listed	number	8	optional
Last author ampersand	lastauthoramp	When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space'	string	empty	optional

See also

This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.