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Welcome! Scholar Online Europe (English edition) |
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Europeans should communicate more: Talk and you'll surmount barriers!
At the photo: the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Barroso, and Anna Brakoniecka, founder of platform Scholar-online
(Chemnitz, Germany, 8th of May 2009)
Scholar-online: @scholar_online
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:: Regulamin (polski), :: Nutzungsbedingungen (deutsch), :: Terms of use (English), :: Условия пользования (русский)
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NEWS:
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2013 #25 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Antoni Tàpies
05-10-2013
Antoni Tàpies i Puig was a Catalan painter, sculptor and art theorist, who became one of the most famous European artists of his generation. He lived mainly in Barcelona, but returned often to Paris. Tàpies was often awarded, among all with the First Prize for painting at the Pittsburgh International, Rubens Prize of Siegen, an Honorary Doctorate from the Rovira i Virgili University and was raised into the Spanish nobility by King Juan Carlos I with the hereditary title of Marqués de Tàpies (English: Marquess of Tàpies). Tàpies created the Tàpies Foundation, dedicated to the study of modern art. In 1990, it opened a museum and library in the premises of a former publishing house in Barcelona. Its holdings include nearly 2,000 examples of his work.
Read more:
Antoni Tàpies and mixed materials
:: Antoni Tàpies, España
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
Wolf-Preis / Temat: Nagroda Wolfa / Topic: Wolf Prize
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2013 #24 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Marc Chagall Zaharovich
14-09-2013
According to art historian Michael J. Lewis, Chagall was considered to be "the last survivor of the first generation of European modernists, who synthesized the art forms of Cubism, Symbolism, and Fauvism, and the influence of Fauvism gave rise to Surrealism". An early modernist, he was associated with several major artistic styles and created works in virtually every artistic medium, including painting, book illustrations, stained glass, stage sets, ceramic, tapestries and fine art prints. Using the medium of stained glass, he produced windows for the cathedrals of Reims and Metz, windows for the UN, and the Jerusalem Windows in Israel. He also did large-scale paintings, including part of the ceiling of the Paris Opéra.
Read more:
Marc Chagall Zaharovich and poets
:: Marc Chagall Zaharovich, Россия
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
Wolf-Preis / Temat: Nagroda Wolfa / Topic: Wolf Prize
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2013 #23 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Sir Andre Konstantin Geim
08-09-2013
One of his remarkable discoveries became known as "gecko tape" in the UK press. Also known are his experiments with diamagnetic levitation technology that were presented with help of a so-called "floating frog". For this, he was awarded the so-called Ig Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000. He is the only person who was awarded with both Nobel and Ig Nobel Prize. The Ig Nobel Prize is sometimes referred to as an anti-Nobel Prize, and it is a satirical award to to honor scientific achievements did first make people laugh, and then make them think.
Read more:
Sir Andre Konstantin Geim and gecko tape
:: Sir Andre Konstantin Geim, Россия
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #22 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Albert Fert
31-08-2013
Albert Fert is a French physicist and one of the discoverers of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disks. In 1988 Fert discovered the Giant magnetoresistance effect (GMR) in multilayers of iron and chromium. This effect allowed the construction of extremely sensitive read heads, which are now used in almost all hard disks. Peter Grünberg from the Jülich Research Centre simultaneously and independently discovered GMR. These two discoveries are recognized as the birth of spintronics. Since then, Albert Fert has made contributions to the field of spintronics. He was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics together with Peter Grünberg.
Read more:
Albert Fert and GRM effect
:: Albert Fert, France
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #21 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Martinus Veltman
25-08-2013
Martinus Justinus Godefriedus Veltman is a Dutch theoretical physicist. He studied mathematics and physics at Utrecht University, then he obtained his PhD in theoretical physics and became professor at Utrecht University. During an extended stay at SLAC (Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, a United States Department of Energy National Laboratory operated by Stanford University) he designed the computer program Schoonschip for symbolic manipulation of mathematical equations, which is now considered the very first Computer algebra system.
Read more:
Martinus Veltman vs. Yang-Mills-Theory
:: Martinus Veltman, Nederland
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #20 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Georges Charpak
10-08-2013
Georges Charpak was a French physicist with Polish origins. In 1992, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics essentially for the invention and development of particle detectors, in particular a form of wire chamber, which he designed in 1968, and which could record up to a million traces per second, about a million times more than the equipment used hitherto (e.g. bubble chambers). He was awarded among all by the European Physical Society and the French Academy of Sciences. Charpak was a foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Sciences of Lisbon.
Read more:
Georges Charpak and particle detectors
:: Georges Charpak, France
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #19 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Ernst Ruska
28.07.2013
Ruska is one of the pioneers of electron microscopy. In 1931, together with Max Knoll, he succeeded magnetic lenses to achieve the first two-level of electron-optical zoom by realizing the basic technical principle of the electron microscope. Electron microscopes have considerably better resolution than optical microscopes. Together with Bodo von Borries, he developed the device, so that it could be mass-produced since 1938 / 39.
Read more:
Ernst Ruska and electron microscopes
:: Ernst Ruska, Deutschland
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #18 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Carlo Rubbia
20.07.2013
Carlo Rubbia is an Italian particle physicist and inventor who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1984 with Simon van der Meer for work leading to the discovery of the W and Z particles at CERN. To achieve energies high enough to create these particles, Rubbia, together with David Cline and Peter McIntyre, proposed a radically new particle accelerator design. These experiments were crucial in order to perfect the techniques needed later for the discovery of more exotic particles in a different type of particle collider. The W and Z bosons (together known as the weak bosons or, less specifically, the intermediate vector bosons) are the elementary particles that mediate the weak interaction.
Read more:
Carlo Rubbia and discovery of the W and Z particles
:: Carlo Rubbia, Italia
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #17 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Kai Siegbahn
14.07.2013
Kai Siegbahn was born as the second son of the Nobel Prize-winning physics Manne Siegbahn and his wife Karin Högbom. Until 1942, he studied physics, mathematics and chemistry at Uppsala University and he became a PhD in 1944 in Stockholm. At first, he worked at the Nobel Institute for Physics, then he became professor of physics at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, and later he worked at the University of Uppsala. Siegbahn was member of many associations, among all the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP).
Read more:
Kai Siegbahn vs ESCA
:: Kai Siegbahn, Sverige
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #16 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Aage Niels Bohr
30.06.2013
Aage Niels Bohr was a Danish nuclear physicist, the Nobel laureate, and the son of the famous physicist and Nobel laureate Niels Bohr. Bohr was born in Copenhagen in 1922, and grew up surrounded by physicists such as Wolfgang Pauli and Werner Heisenberg, who were working with his father at the Institute for Theoretical Physics (now the Niels Bohr Institute) at the University of Copenhagen.
Read more:
Aage Niels Bohr and magic numbers
:: Aage Niels Bohr, Kongeriget Danmark
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #15 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Sir Martin Ryle
17.06.2013
Sir Martin Ryle was a British radio astronomer who developed a new type of radio telescope systems and used it for accurate determination of position of weak radio sources. For this discovery, he was awarded - together with Antony Hewish - with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974. Martin Ryle what undoubtedly, one of the great astronomers of the 20th Century.
Read more:
Sir Martin Ryle and Quasars
:: Sir Martin Ryle, United Kingdom
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #14 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Ivar Giaever
26.05.2013
Giaever earned a degree in mechanical engineering from the Norwegian Institute of Technology. In 1954, he emigrated from Norway to Canada, where he was employed by the Canadian division of General Electric. This work led to Giaever's Nobel Prize. The Prize was given to Ivar Giaever, Leo Esaki and Brian Josephson "for their discoveries regarding tunnelling phenomena in solids". Giaever's share of the prize was specifically for his "experimental discoveries regarding tunnelling phenomena in superconductors". Later, he mainly focused on research in the field of biophysics.
Read more:
Ivar Giaever and superconductors
:: Ivar Giaever, Kongeriket Noreg
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #13 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén
19.05.2013
Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén was a Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). He described the class of MHD waves now known as Alfvén waves. He was originally trained as an electrical power engineer and later moved to research and teaching in the fields of plasma physics and electrical engineering. Alfvén received his PhD from the University of Uppsala in 1934. Alfvén made many contributions to plasma physics, including theories describing the behavior of aurorae, the Van Allen radiation belts, the effect of magnetic storms on the Earth's magnetic field, the terrestrial magnetosphere, and the dynamics of plasmas in the Milky Way galaxy. Many of his theories about the solar system were verified as late as the 1980s through external measurements of cometary and planetary magnetospheres. The Hannes Alfvén Prize, awarded annually by the European Physical Society for outstanding contributions in plasma physics, is named after him.
Read more:
Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén and plasma physics
:: Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén, Sverige
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #12 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Alfred Kastler
11.05.2013
Alfred Kastler was a French physicist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1966 "for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms". Kastler, working on combination of optical resonance and magnetic resonance, developed the technique of so called optical pumping. Those works led to the completion of the theory of lasers and masers.
Read more:
Alfred Kastler and theory of lasers and masers
:: Alfred Kastler, France
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #11 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Eugene Paul Wigner
20.04.2013
Eugene Paul "E. P." Wigner was Hungarian-American theoretical physicist and mathematician, who authored a number of theorems. Together with Maria Goeppert-Mayer and J. Hans D. Jensen, he was awarded with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963 "for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles" He was awarded among all with Franklin Medal, Atoms for Peace Award, and Enrico Fermi Award. His work is important for founding basics of the theory of symmetries in quantum mechanics. He also researched the structure of the atomic nucleus and identified Xe-135 as "poisoning" in nuclear reactors (sometimes known as Wigner poisoning).
Read more:
Eugene Paul Wigner and quantum mechanics
:: Eugene Paul "E. P." Wigner / Wigner Jenő Pál, Österreich-Ungarn
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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2013 #10 Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week :: Ilya Mikhailovich Frank / Илья́ Миха́йлович Франк / Ilja Michailowitsch Frank / Ilja Michaiłowicz
05.04.2013
Ilya Mikhailovich Frank was a Soviet winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1958 jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Igor Y. Tamm, also of the Soviet Union. He received the award for his work in explaining the phenomenon of Cherenkov radiation. He received the Stalin prize in 1946 and 1953 and the USSR state prize in 1971.
Read more:
Ilya Mikhailovich Frank and nuclear physics
:: Ilya Mikhailovich Frank / Илья́ Миха́йлович Франк / Ilja Michailowitsch Frank / Ilja Michaiłowicz, Союз Советских Социалистических Республик (СССР), Sojuz Sowietskich Socjalisticzeskich Riespublik (SSSR)
Gallery: :: Europejczyk tygodnia :: Europäer der Woche :: European of the Week
WYDANIE SPECJALNE :: SPEZIALAUSGABE :: SPECIAL EDITION:
:: Thema: Nobel und die Nobelpreisträger (Physik) / Temat: Nobel i nobliści (fizyka) / Topic: Nobel and the Nobel Prize winners (physics)
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