For nearly three decades, HIV and AIDS have had very damaging
effects on individual, families, communities and countries.
Still, in recent years the world has seen some progress. There
has been a reduction in the number of people that become infected
with HIV each year, and the development of safe and effective
drugs help millions of people living with HIV to have longer and
healthier lives.
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However, there is still a lot that needs to be done. Many young
people do not have access to information and services that can
help prevent the spread of HIV, and many programs do not reach
the young people that are most affected by the disease.
Young girls are especially affected
For a variety of reasons – cultural, political and economic –
some young people are more vulnerable to infection than others.
For example, girls are at higher risk in some parts of the world.
This is partly because girls are more likely to be pressured into
having sex and less likely to be able to control with whom, when
and how they have sex. Also, social attitudes to sex and sex
education may make it more difficult for girls to get the
information they need to protect themselves from infection.
Other young people are likely to be infected with HIV because
they inject drugs (sharing unsterilized needles is a common route
for infection). They may also be more at risk because they are
poor or homeless, which makes them more vulnerable to
exploitation and abuse.
Young people need access to safe and friendly
services
Many young people choose not to seek support because they are
worried that they will be judged by adults or health workers. For
example, young injecting drug users and young people involved in
commercial sex might avoid seeking support because their
activities are considered illegal. Young people from sexual
minorities, such as men who have sex with men, might worry about
the stigma they could face if they talk about their sexual
identity. Therefore it is important that all young people have
access to non-judgmental and friendly services where they can be
anonymous and be treated with care and respect .
The way forward
We all have a part to play in fighting the HIV and AIDS crisis.
First and foremost we must make sure everyone has accurate
information about how the virus is spread and how they can
protect themselves. Making sure everyone can develop the skills
and self-confidence to keep safe in difficult situations is also
critical, as is having access to services, such as counselling,
treatment and HIV testing. And all adults – guardians and
official leaders – must do everything they can to make sure our
communities are safe and young people are supported.
Photo: Young people participe in India’s Red
Ribbon Club programme for HIV prevention walk in Chandrapur
District, Maharashtra. The club is a voluntary forum for
providing HIV information in villages. ©
UNICEF/INDA2011-00068/Crouch