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IIIM STUDY BIBLE

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Introduction to 1 & 2 Samuel

Structural Outline

  1. I. Eli and Samuel: God's Preparations for Kingship (1 Sam. 1:1-7:17)
    1. A. Samuel's Miraculous Birth (1 Sam. 1:1-2:10)
      1. 1. Hannah's Predicament (1 Sam. 1:1-20)
      2. 2. Hannah's Promise (1 Sam 1:21-28)
      3. 2. Hannah's Praise (1 Sam. 2:1-10)
    3. B. Samuel Rises as Eli and His Sons Fall (1 Sam. 2:11-7:17)
      1. 1. Divine Presence at Shiloh (1 Sam. 2:11-21)
        1. a. Evil at Shiloh: Eli's Sons (1 Sam. 2:11-17)
        2. b. Blessings at Shiloh: Samuel (1 Sam. 2:18-21)
      3. 2. In Disapproval and Approval (1 Sam. 2:22-26)
        1. a. Disapproval of Eli's Sons (1 Sam. 2:22-25)
        2. b. Approval of Samuel (1 Sam. 2:26)
      5. 3. Divine Judgment and Blessing (1 Sam. 2:27-4:1)
        1. a. Eli and His Sons are Judged (1 Sam. 2:27-36)
        2. b. Samuel is Called and Blessed (1 Sam. 3:1-4:1)
      7. 4. In Conflict With the Philistines (1 Sam. 4:1-7:17)
        1. a. The Ark: Its Loss (1 Sam. 4:1-22)
        2. b. The Ark: Its Curses on the Philistines (1 Sam. 5:1-12)
        3. c. The Ark: Its Return (1 Sam. 6:1-7:1)
        4. d. Samuel Leads to Victory (1 Sam. 7:2-17)
  3. II. Samuel and Saul: Saul's Rise and His Failed Kingship (1 Sam. 8:1-15:35)
    1. A. Saul's Rise to King (1 Sam. 8:1-12:25)
      1. 1. God's Granting of a King (1 Sam. 8:1-22)
      2. 2. Saul Becomes King (1 Sam. 9:1-11:15)
      3. 3. Saul's Private Anointing (1 Sam. 9:1-10:16)
        1. a. Saul's Public Selection by Lot (1 Sam. 10:17-27)
        2. b. Saul's Rescue of Jabesh Gilead (1 Sam. 11:1-15)
      5. 4. Samuel Warns and Encourages Israel (1 Sam. 12:1-25)
    3. B. Saul's Failure as King (1 Sam. 13:1-15:35)
      1. 1. Rejection: Saul Offers Sacrifices (1 Sam. 13:1-22)
      2. 2. Saul: His Deficient Character (1 Sam. 14:1-46)
      3. 3. Saul: His Deficient Military Accomplishments (1 Sam. 14:47-52)
      4. 4. Rejection: Saul Did Not Destroy the Amalekites (1 Sam. 15:1-35)
  5. III. Saul and David: David's Rise and Saul's Fall (1 Sam. 16:1-2 Sam. 1:27)
    1. A. David's Success and Troubles in Saul's Service (1 Sam. 16:1-18:30)
      1. 1. David's Anointing (1 Sam. 16:1-23)
      2. 2. David Defeats Goliath (1 Sam. 17:1-18:5)
      3. 3. David and His Tens of Thousands (1 Sam. 18:6-16)
      4. 4. David, the Lord is With Him (1 Sam. 18:17-30)
    3. B. David Flees From Saul (1 Sam. 19:1-22:5)
      1. 1. David's Initial Flight (1 Sam. 19:1-10)
      2. 2. David Aided by Michal (1 Sam. 19:11-17)
      3. 3. David Aided by Samuel (1 Sam. 19:18-24)
      4. 4. David Aided by Jonathan (1 Sam. 20:1-42)
      5. 5. David Aided by Ahimelech (1 Sam. 21:1-9)
      6. 6. David Aided by Achish (1 Sam. 21:10-15)
      7. 7. David Aided by the King of Moab and by Gad (1 Sam. 22:1-5)
    5. C. David's Innocence and Saul's Guilt (1 Sam. 22:6-2 Sam. 1:27)
      1. 1. Toward Other Israelites (1 Sam. 22:6-23:6)
        1. a. Saul Kills the Priests at Nob (1 Sam. 22:6-23)
        2. b. David Protects Keilah (1 Sam. 23:1-6)
      3. 2. Toward Each Other (1 Sam. 23:7-26:25)
        1. a. David Barely Escapes Saul (1 Sam. 23:7-29)
        2. b. David Spares Saul for the First Time (1 Sam. 24:1-22)
        3. c. David Kept From Bloodguilt (1 Sam. 25:1-44)
        4. d. David Spares Saul a Second Time (1 Sam. 26:1-25)
      5. 3. Toward the Philistines (1 Sam. 27:1-2 Sam. 1:27)
        1. a. David Fools the Philistines (1 Sam. 27:1-28:2)
        2. b. Saul's Fear of the Philistines (1 Sam. 28:3-25)
        3. c. David Is Feared and Victorious (1 Sam. 29:1-30:31)
          1. (1) Achish Sends David Back to Ziklag (1 Sam 29:1-11)
          2. (2) David Destroys the Amalekites (1 Sam 30:1-31)
        5. d. Saul and His Sons Die (1 Sam. 31:1-13)
        6. e. David Reacts to Saul's Death (2 Sam. 1:1-27)
          1. (1) Saul's and Jonathan's Death Avenged (2 Sam. 1:1-16)
          2. (2) Saul's and Jonathan's Death Lamented (2 Sam. 1:17-27)
  7. IV. David: David's Full Kingship (2 Sam. 2:1-20:26)
    1. A. David Under Divine Blessing (2 Sam. 2:1-10:19)
      1. 1. David's Rise to Kingship (2 Sam. 2:1-5:5)
        1. a. David Becomes King Over Judah at Hebron (2 Sam. 2:1-7)
        2. b. David Becomes King Over All Israel (2 Sam. 2:8-5:5)
          1. (1) Resistance From Saul's House (2 Sam. 2:8-3:5)
          2. (2) Abner Is Murdered (2 Sam. 3:6-39)
          3. (3) Ish-Bosheth Is Murdered (2 Sam. 4:1-12)
          4. (4) David Becomes the King Over All Tribes at Hebron (2 Sam. 5:1-5)
      3. 2. David's Throne Is Established Forever in Jerusalem (2 Sam. 5:6-10:19)
        1. a. Jerusalem Is Established (2 Sam. 5:6-6:23)
          1. (1) Jerusalem is Captured (2 Sam. 5:6-16)
          2. (2) The Philistines are Conquered (2 Sam. 5:17-25)
          3. (3) The Ark is Brought to Jerusalem (2 Sam. 6:1-23)
        3. b. God Promises David an Everlasting Dynasty (2 Sam. 7:1-29)
          1. (1) God's Promises (2 Sam. 7:1-17)
          2. (2) David's Response (2 Sam. 7:18-29)
        5. c. God's Blessings (2 Sam. 8:1-10:19)
          1. (1) Military Victories (2 Sam. 8:1-18)
          2. (2) Kindness to Mephibosheth (2 Sam. 9:1-13)
          3. (3) Kindness to Hanun (2 Sam. 10:1-19)
    3. B. David's Kingship Under Divine Curse (2 Sam. 11:1-20:26)
      1. 1. David's Sins (2 Sam. 11:1-12:25)
        1. a. David and Bathsheba (2 Sam. 11:1-27)
        2. b. David and Nathan (2 Sam. 12:1-25)
      3. 2. David's Consequences (2 Sam. 12:26-20:26)
        1. a. David's Weakness as a Warrior (2 Sam. 12:26-31)
        2. b. Rape and Murder (2 Sam. 13:1-14:33)
          1. (1) Amnon's Sin (2 Sam. 13:1-22)
          2. (2) Absalom's Revenge (2 Sam. 13:23-39)
          3. (3) Absalom's Reconciliation (2 Sam. 14:1-33)
        4. c. Absalom's Rebellion (2 Sam. 15:1-19:40)
          1. (1) Absalom Gains Victory (2 Sam. 15:1-12)
          2. (2) David Flees (2 Sam. 15:13-31)
          3. (3) Encounters Along the Way (2 Sam. 15:32-16:14)
          4. (4) Absalom's Two Counselors (2 Sam. 16:15-17:23)
          5. (5) Battle Against Absalom (2 Sam. 17:24-19:8a)
            1. (a) Absalom's Death (2 Sam 17:24-18:18)
            2. (b) David Mourns (2 Sam 18:19-19:8)
          7. (6) David's Return (2 Sam. 19:8-15)
          8. (7) Encounters Along the Way (2 Sam. 19:15-40)
        6. d. Sheba's Rebellion (2 Sam. 19:41-20:26)
          1. (1) Judah and Israel (2 Sam 19:41-43)
          2. (2) Sheba Rebels Against David (2 Sam 20:1-26)
  9. V. Conclusion: Continuing Hope in David's House (2 Sam. 21:1-24:25)
    1. A. David's Intercession Stops a Famine (2 Sam. 21:1-14)
    2. B. David's Military Accomplishments (2 Sam. 21:15-22)
    3. C. David's Praise and Confidence (2 Sam. 22:1-51)
    4. D. David's Declaration About the Future (2 Sam. 23:1-7)
    5. E. David's Military Accomplishments (2 Sam. 23:8-39)
    6. F. David's Intercession Stops a Plague (2 Sam. 24:1-25)

References

  • *** IIIM Recommended Commentary
  • Where applicable, the original language studies are being done using BibleWorks.
  • Richard Pratt, General Editor. Spirit of the Reformation Study Bible, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, MI, 2003.
  • *** Arnold, B. T. (2003). 1 & 2 Samuel. The NIV Application Commentary. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.
  • *** Baldwin, J. G. (1988). Vol. 8: 1 and 2 Samuel: An Introduction and Commentary. Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
  • Barnes, A. (1879). Notes on the Old Testament: I Samuel to Esther. (F. C. Cook, J. M. Fuller, Eds.). London: John Murray.
  • Bergen, R. D. (1996). Vol. 7: 1, 2 Samuel. The New American Commentary. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.
  • *** Blaikie, William G. (1887). Expository Lectures on the Book of First Samuel. repr., Birmingham, AL: Solid Ground, 2005.
  • Phillips, R. D. (2012). 1 Samuel. (P. G. Ryken & R. D. Phillips, Duguid Iain M., Eds.) (1st ed.). Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R; Publishing.
  • Brueggemann, W. (1990). First and Second Samuel. Interpretation, a Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching. Louisville, KY: John Knox Press.
  • Chafin, K. L., & Ogilvie, L. J. (1989). 1, 2 Samuel (Vol. 8). Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Inc.
  • *** Davis, Ralph D. Focus on the Bible: 1 Samuel (electronic ed.).
  • Davis, R. D. (2000). 1 Samuel: Looking on the Heart. Scotland: Christian Focus Publications.
  • Fishbane, M. A. (2002). Haftarot. The JPS Bible Commentary. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society.
  • Gesenius, W., & Tregelles, S. P. (2003). Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures (iii). Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software.
  • Gingrich, R. E. (2000). The Book of 1st Samuel. Memphis, TN: Riverside Printing.
  • Gordon, R. P. (1998). 1 & 2 Samuel. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press.
  • Hawker, R. (2013). Poor Man's Old Testament Commentary: Deuteronomy-2 Samuel (Vol. 2). Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software.
  • Keil, C. F., & Delitzsch, F. (1996). Commentary on the Old Testament (Vol. 2). Peabody, MA: Hendrickson.
  • Klein, R. W. (1998). Vol. 10: 1 Samuel. Word Biblical Commentary. Dallas: Word, Incorporated.
  • Lange, J. P., Schaff, P., Erdmann, D., Toy, C. H., & Broadus, J. A. (2008). A Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: 1 & 2 Samuel. Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software.
  • Leithart, P. J. (2003). A Son to Me: An Exposition of 1 & 2 Samuel. Moscow, ID: Canon Press. (IIIM does not agree with Leithart's Federal Vision views, especially. On Baptism and Justifcation. However, parts of his commentary here are valuable).
  • MacLaren, A. (2009). Expositions of Holy Scripture: Deuteronomy-1 Samuel. Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software.
  • McCarter, P. K., Jr. (2008). I Samuel: A New Translation with Introduction, Notes and Commentary (Vol. 8). New Haven; London: Yale University Press.
  • Newheiser, J. (2011). Opening Up 1 Samuel. Leominster: Day One.
  • Omanson, R. L., & Ellington, J. (2001). A Handbook on the First Book of Samuel. UBS Handbook Series. New York: United Bible Societies.
  • *** Phillips, R. D. (2012). 1 Samuel. (P. G. Ryken & R. D. Phillips, Duguid Iain M., Eds.) (1st ed.). Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R; Publishing.
  • Smith, J. E. (2000). 1 & 2 Samuel. The College Press NIV Commentary. Joplin, MO: College Press Pub. Co.
  • *** Tsumura, David T. (2007). The First Book of Samuel. New International Commentary on the Old Testament.
  • Woodhouse, J. (2008). 1 Samuel: Looking for a Leader. Preaching the Word. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books.
  • *** Youngblood, Ronald F. (1984). 1 & 2 Samuel. Expositor's Bible Commentary.

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