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Tuesday, December 22, 2015
Memory Articles and Publications
Email ArticlePrinter Format PreviousNext

Understanding DDR3 Serial Presence Detect (SPD) Table


Tuesday, July 17, 2007

Introduction

Since I wrote “Understanding DDR Serial Presence Detect (SPD) Table” in 2003, I have been getting a lot a feedback from readers. I added “Understanding DDR2 Serial Presence Detect (SPD) Table” in 2006.  Some of you told me that you are using these articles to train your employees and to introduce the mysteries SPD concept to your customers. I feel honored by your responses.

Lately, CST has started shipment of a DDR3 EZ Programmer. Since the DD3 DIMM is introduced recently, I think this is the time to add an article for the DDR3 SPD Table. Due to the many more years of development, the DD3 SPD table has definitely got more sophisticated than the original DDR and DDR2 SPD table. Your attention is required to understand and follow through. I will try to use as much layman language as I can to accommodate you all.

Serial Presence Detect (SPD) data is probably the most misunderstood subject in the memory module industry. Most people only know it as the little Eeprom device on the DIMM that often kept the module from working properly in the computer. On the contrary, it is quite the opposite. The SPD data actually provide vital information to the system Bios to keep the system working in optimal condition with the memory DIMM. This article attempts to guide you through the construction of an SPD table with “Turbo-Tax” type of multiple choices questions. I hope you’ll find it interesting and useful.

Sample Jedec Standard SPD Data Table


Byte 0
Number of Serial PD Bytes Written/ SPD Device Size/ CRC Coverage

Bit 3 to Bit 0 describes the total size of the serial memory actually used in the EEprom for the Serial Presence Detect data. Bit 6 to Bit 4 describes the number of bytes available in the EEprom device, usually 128byte or 256 byte. On top of that, Bit 7 indicates whether the unique module identifier covered by the CRC encoded on bytes 126 and 127 is based on (0-116byte) or based on (0-125byte)..

(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: Simply select items from 3 tables and automatically calculate the final hex number)

The most common one used is:
Total SPD Bye = 256
CRC Coverage = 0-116Byte
SPD Byte used = 176 Byte
Resulting code is   92h

Byte 1
SPD Revision

Version   0.0              00h
Revision 0.5 
            05h
Revision 1.0             
10h
Revision 1.1             
11h
Revision 1.2              12h 

Byte 2
DRAM Device Type
This refers to the DRAM type. In this case, we are only dealing with DDR3 SDRAM.

DDR3  SDRAM:     0Bh    

Byte 3
Module Type

This relates to the physical size, and category of memory module.

Undefined                                00h
RDIMM (Registered Long DIMM)    01h
UDIMM (Unbuffered Long DIMM)  02h
SODIMM (Small Outline DIMM)      03h

Byte 4
SDRAM Density and Banks

This byte defines the total density of the DDR3 SDRAM, in bits, and the number of internal banks into which the memory array is divided.
Presently all DDR3 have 8 internal banks.

SDRAM Chip Size  
512Mb           01h
1Gb               02h  
2Gb               03h
4Gb               04h             

Byte 5
SDRAM Addressing

This byte describes the row addressing and column addressing in the SDRAM Device.

512Mb chips   
13 Row X 10 Column         09h             
13 Row X 12 Column         0Bh
12 Row X 10 Column         01h

1Gb chips        
14 Row X 10 Column         11h
14 Row X 12 Column          13h
13 Row X 10 Column          09h

2Gb chips        
15Row X  10 Column         19h
15 Row X 12 Column         1Bh
14 Row X 10 Column         11h

Byte 6
Reserved       00h

Byte 7
Module Organization

This byte describes the organization of the SDRAM module; the number of Ranks and the Device Width of each DRAM
(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: Simply select number of Ranks and Device Width. It automatically calculate final hex number)

1 Rank module using X8 chips       01h
2 Rank module using X8 chips       09h
1 Rank module using X4 chips       00h  
2 Rank module using X4 chips       08h
4 Rank module using X8 chips       19h
4 Rank module using X4chips        18h
1 Rank module using X16 chips      02h
2 Rank module using X16 chips      10h

Byte 8
Module Memory Bus Width

This refers to the primary bus width of the module plus the additional with provided by ECC
16bit                            01h
32bit                            04h
64bit (no parity)             03h
64bit + ECC (72bit)         0Bh 

Byte 9
Fine timebase (FTB) Dividend / Divisor

This byte defines a value in picoseconds that represents the fundamental timebase for fine grain timing calculations. This value is used as a multiplier for formulating subsequent timing parameters. The granularity in picoseconds is derived from Dividend being divided by the Divisor.

Granularity:
2.5ps       52h
5ps          55h                         

Byte 10
Medium Timebase (MTB) Dividend

Byte 11
Medium Timebase (MTB) Divisor

These byte defines a value in nanoseconds that represents the fundamental timebase for medium grain timing calculations. This value is used as a multiplier for formulating subsequent timing parameters. The two byte forms the Dividend and the Divisor to determine the granularity of the medium timebase.

Granularity 
0.125ns              Byte 10       01h      Byte  11      08h
0.0625ns             Byte 10       01h      Byte  11      0Fh  

Byte 12
Minimum SDRAM Cycle Time (tCK min)

This byte describes the minimum cycle time for the module in medium timebase (MTB) units.
For MTB granularity = 0.125ns (Byte 10 and Byte 11)

DDR3 400Mhz clock (800data rate)                  14h
DDR3 533Mhz clock (1066data rate)                0Fh
DDR3 667Mhz clock (1333data rate)                0Ch
DDR3 800Mhz clock (1600data rate)                0Ah 

Byte 13  
Reserved            00h

Byte 14
CAS Latencies Supported, Low Byte

(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: Simply select all latencies supported from table. Automatically calculate the hi and low byte hex value base on binary number)

Latency 5.6 supported                06h
Latency 6    supported                04h
Latency 6,7 supported                0Ch
Latency 5, 6, 7, 8 supported        1Eh

Byte 15
CAS Latencies Supported, High Byte  00h

Byte 16
Minimum CAS Latency Time (tAAmin)

Minimum CAS Latency based on medium timebase (MTB) units. tAAmin can be read off SDRAM data sheet.
Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tAAmin   
12.5ns         DDR3-800D        64h          
15ns           DDR3-800E        78h
11.25ns       DDR3-1066E      5Ah
13.125ns     DDR3-1066F       69h
15ns           DDR3-1066G      78h
10.5ns         DDR3-1333F       54h
12ns           DDR3-1333G       60h
13.5ns          DDR3-1333H       6Ch
15ns             DDR3-1333J        78h
10ns             DDR3-1600G       50h
11.25ns       DDR3-1600H       5Ah
12.5 ns        DDR3-1600J        64h
13.75ns       DDR3-1600K       6Eh

 

Byte 17
Minimum Write Recovery Time (tWRmin)

This byte defines the minimum SDRAM write recovery time in medium timebase (MTB) units. This value is read from the DDR3 SDRAM data sheet.
Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tWR min       
15ns                         78h
12ns                         60h
16ns                         80h

Byte 18
Minimum RAS# to CAS# Delay time (tRCDmin)

This byte defines the minimum SDRAM RAS# to CAS# Delay in (MTB) units
Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tRCD min    

12.5ns         DDR3-800D        64h          
15ns           DDR3-800E        78h                     
11.25ns       DDR3-1066E      5Ah
                    
13.125ns     DDR3-1066F       69h
                    
15ns           DDR3-1066G      78h
10.5ns        DDR3-1333F       54h
12ns           DDR3-1333G       60h
15ns           DDR3-1333J        78h
10ns           DDR3-1600G       50h
11.25ns       DDR3-1600H       5Ah
12.5 ns        DDR3-1600J        64h
13.75ns       DDR3-1600K       6Eh

Byte 19

Minimum Row Active to Row Active Delay time (tRRDmin)

This byte defines the minimum SDRAM Row Active to Row Active Delay in (MTB) units. This can be read from the SDRAM data sheet.

 Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tRRD min    

6.0 ns        30h                               
7.5  ns       3Ch
10  ns        50h

Byte 20

Minimum Row Precharge Delay Time (tRPmin)

This byte defines the minimum SDRAM Row Precharge Delay in (MTB) units. This can be read from the SDRAM data sheet.

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tRP min        
12.5ns         DDR3-800D        64h          
15ns            DDR3-800E        78h
13.125ns      DDR3-1066F       69h
15ns            DDR3-1066G      78h
10.5ns         DDR3-1333F       54h
12ns            DDR3-1333G       60h
13.5ns         DDR3-1333H       6Ch
15ns            DDR3-1333J        78h
10ns            DDR3-1600G       50h
11.25ns       DDR3-1600H       5Ah
12.5 ns        DDR3-1600J        64h
13.75ns       DDR3-1600K       6Eh

Byte 21
Upper Nibbles for tRAS and tRC

This byte makes up the MSB (upper 4 bits) of the tRAS (bits 3-0) and tRC (bits 7-4) for Byte  22 (tRAS lower byte) and Byte 23 (tRC lower byte). They are in (MTB) units.

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

These nibbles represents the value of 256 (in MTB units) for both the tRAS and tRC upper nibble.. Therefore, the value is always 

 11h

Byte 22
Minimum Active to Precharge Delay Time (tRAS min), Least Significant Byte

This byte is the lower 8 bits of the 12 bit tRAS value. It is represented in MTB units. The tRAS value can be read from the SDRAM data sheet.

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tRAS min    

37.5ns          DDR3-800D        2Ch          
37.5ns          DDR3-800E        2Ch
37.5ns          DDR3-1066E      2Ch
37.5ns          DDR3-1066F       2Ch
37.5ns          DDR3-1066G      2Ch
36ns             DDR3-1333F       20h
36ns             DDR3-1333G       20h
36ns             DDR3-1333H       20h
36ns             DDR3-1333J        20h
35ns             DDR3-1600G       18h
35ns             DDR3-1600H       18h
35ns             DDR3-1600J        18h
35ns             DDR3-1600K       18h


Byte 23
Minimum Active to Active Refresh Delay Time (tRC min), Least Significant Byte

This byte is the lower 8 bits of the 12 bit tRC value. It is represented in MTB units. The tRC value can be read from the SDRAM data sheet.

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tRC   min    

50ns                 DDR3-800D        90h          
52.5ns              DDR3-800E        A4h
48.75ns            DDR3-1066E      86h
50.625ns          DDR3-1066F       95h
52.5ns              DDR3-1066G      A4h
46.5ns              DDR3-1333F       74h
48ns                 DDR3-1333G       80h
49.5ns              DDR3-1333H       8Ch
51ns                 DDR3-1333J        98h
45ns                 DDR3-1600G       68h
46.25ns            DDR3-1600H       72h
47.5ns              DDR3-1600J        7Ch
48.75ns            DDR3-1600K       86h

 

Byte 24
Minimum Refresh Recovery Delay Time (tRFCmin), Least Significant Byte

 

Byte 25
Minimum Refresh Recovery Delay Time (tRFCmin), Most Significant Byte

These two Byes forms a 16 bit value representing the tRFC value in MTB units.

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tRFC min     

for 512Mb chip   90ns          Byte 24       D0h          Byte 25        02h
for 1Gb chip      110ns          Byte 24       70h           Byte 25       03h
for 2Gb chip      160ns          Byte 24       00h           Byte 25       05h

Byte 26
Minimum Internal Write to Read Command Delay time (tWTRmin)

This byte defines the minimum SDRAM Internal Write to Read Delay Time in MTB units. This value is read off the data sheet. 

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tWTR min     7.5ns                is for all DDR3 speed bins        3Ch           

Byte 27
Minimum Internal Read to Precharg Command Delay time (tRTPmin)

This byte defines the minimum SDRAM Internal Read to Precharge Command Delay Time in MTB units. This value is read off the data sheet.

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tRTP min     7.5ns                is for all DDR3 speed bins        3Ch          

  

Byte 28
Upper Nibbles for tFAW

This byte makes up the most significant bit value (upper 4 bits) of the tFAW (bits 3-0). They are in (MTB) units. This value is read off the SDRAM data sheet.

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

For tFAW value of 32ns or higher, the hex value for this byte is       01h

For all tFAW value less than 32ns, the hex value for this byte is       00h

Byte 29
Minimum Four Activate Window Delay Time (tFAWmin), Least Significant Byte

This works with Byte 28 to form a 12-bit value which defines the minimum SDRAM Four Activate Window Delay Time in MTB units. This data is available on the SDRAM data sheet.

Based on medium timebase of 0.125ns

tFAW min    

40.0ns    DDR3-800, 1K page size             40h
50.0ns    DDR3-800, 2K page size             90h
37.5ns    DDR3-1066, 1K page size           2Ch
50.0ns    DDR3-1066, 2K page size           90h
30.0ns    DDR3-1333, 1K page size           F0h
45.0ns    DDR3-1333, 2K page size           68h
30.0ns    DDR3-1600, 1K page size           F0h
40.0ns    DDR3-1600, 2K page size           40h

Byte 30
SDRAM Output Drivers Supported

This byte defines the optional drive strengths supported by the SDRAMs on this module. This information can be found from the SDRAM data sheet.

RZQ/6  supported   RZQ/7  supported                    03h
RZQ/6  supported   RZQ/7  not supported              01h
RZQ/6  not supported   RZQ/7  supported              02h

Byte 31
Module Bank Density

This byte describes the module’s supported operating temperature ranges and refresh options. These values come from the DDR3 SDRAM data sheet. The information includes On-die Thermal sensor support, ASR Refresh support, 1X or 2X Temperature Refresh Rate support as well as the Extended Temperature Range.

(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: Simply select all supported options from table. It automatically calculate the hex value based on the 2 byte binary number)

Byte 32-59

Reserved, General Section            00h

Byte 60
Module Nominal Height

Under or equal 15mm                     00h
Between 15 and 16mm                   01h
Between 16 and 17mm                   02h
Between 17 and 18mm                   03h
Between 18 and 19mm                   04h
Between 19 and 20mm                   05h
Between 20 and 21mm                   06h
Between 21 and 22mm                   07h
Between 22 and 23mm                   08h
Between 23 and 24mm                   09h
Between 24 and 25mm                   0Ah
Between 25 and 26mm                   0Bh
Between 26 and 27mm                   0Ch
Between 27 and 28mm                   0Dh
Between 28 and 29mm                   0Eh
Between 29 and 30mm                   0Fh
Between 30 and 31mm                   10h
Between 31 and 32mm                   11h
Between 32 and 33mm                   12h
Between 33 and 34mm                   13h
Between 34 and 35mm                   14h
Between 35 and 36mm                   15h
Between 36 and 37mm                   16h
Between 37 and 38mm                   17h
Between 38 and 39mm                   18h
Between 39 and 40mm                   19h
Between 40 and 41mm                   1Ah
Between 41 and 42mm                   1Bh
Between 42 and 43mm                   1Ch
Between 43 and 44mm                   1Dh
Between 44 and 45mm                   1Eh
Over 45mm                                  1Fh

Byte 61
Module Mechanical Maximum Thickness

This byte defines the maximum thickness in millimeters of the fully assembled module including heat spreaders and any other components. It is in two parts; the front thickness (from PCB surface) and the back thickness (from PCB surface).

(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: Simply selected by number between 1-15mm for front thickness and by number between 1-15mm for back thickness. Program automatically converts these thickness number into 2 byte hex code.)

Smaller or equal to 1mm on both front and back  00h

1 to 2 mm on both front and back                     11h
2 to 3 mm on both front and back                      22h
3 to 4 mm on both front and back                      33h
2 mm on front 1 mm max on back                        01h
3 mm on front 1 mm max on back                        02h
4 mm on front 1 mm max on back                        03h    

Byte 62
Reference Raw Card Used

This Byte indicates which JEDEC reference design raw card was used as the basis for the module assembly. It includes Raw Card designator and Revision number.

(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: Simply select by number on revision code. Select Raw Card number by alphabetic code. Program automatically calculates the 2 byte Hex number.) 

Raw Card  A   rev. 0      00h ,         rev. 1         20h ,         rev. 2      40h ,         rev. 3         60h     
Raw Card  B   rev. 0      01h ,         rev. 1         21h ,         rev. 2      41h ,         rev. 3         61h
Raw Card  C   rev. 0      02h ,         rev. 1         22h ,         rev. 2      42h ,         rev. 3         62h
Raw Card  D   rev. 0      03h ,         rev. 1         23h ,         rev. 2      43h ,         rev. 3         63h
Raw Card  E   rev. 0      04h ,         rev. 1         24h ,         rev. 2      44h ,         rev. 3         64h
Raw Card  F   rev. 0      05h ,          rev. 1         25h ,         rev. 2      45h ,         rev. 3         65h
Raw Card  G   rev. 0      06h ,         rev. 1         26h ,         rev. 2      46h ,         rev. 3         66h
Raw Card  H   rev. 0      07h ,         rev. 1         27h ,         rev. 2      47h ,         rev. 3         67h
Raw Card  J   rev. 0       08h ,         rev. 1         28h ,         rev. 2      48h ,         rev. 3         68h
Raw Card  K   rev. 0      09h ,         rev. 1         29h ,         rev. 2      49h ,         rev. 3         69h
Raw Card  L   rev. 0      0Ah ,         rev. 1         2Ah ,        rev. 2      4Ah ,        rev. 3         6Ah
Raw Card  M   rev. 0     0Bh ,         rev. 1         2Bh ,        rev. 2      4Bh ,        rev. 3         6Bh
Raw Card  N   rev. 0      0Ch ,         rev. 1         2Ch ,        rev. 2      4Ch ,        rev. 3         6Ch
Raw Card  P   rev. 0      0Dh ,         rev. 1         2Dh ,        rev. 2      4Dh ,        rev. 3         6Dh
Raw Card  R   rev. 0      0Eh ,         rev. 1         2Eh ,        rev. 2      4Eh ,         rev. 3         6Eh
Raw Card  T   rev. 0      0Fh ,         rev. 1         2Fh ,         rev. 2      4Fh ,         rev. 3         6Fh
Raw Card  U   rev. 0      10h ,         rev. 1         30h ,         rev. 2      50h ,         rev. 3         70h
Raw Card  V   rev. 0      11h ,         rev. 1         31h ,         rev. 2      51h ,         rev. 3         71h
Raw Card  W   rev. 0    12h ,          rev. 1         32h ,         rev. 2      52h ,         rev. 3         72h
Raw Card  X  rev. 0      13h ,          rev. 1         33h ,         rev. 2      53h ,         rev. 3         73h
Raw Card  Y   rev. 0     14h ,          rev. 1         34h ,         rev. 2      54h ,         rev. 3         74h
Raw Card  Z   rev. 0     15h ,          rev. 1         35h ,         rev. 2      55h ,          rev. 3        75h

Byte 63
Address Mapping from Edge Connector to DRAM

For ease of module PCB layout, sometimes “mirror” address mapping is used. “Mirror” address is to flip the address line sequence on the 2nd rank of the module. This byte describes the connection of edge connector pins for address bits to the corresponding input pins of the DDR3 SDRAMs. 

Rank 1 Mapping   

Standard            00h
Mirrored            01h

Byte 64-116
Reserved                           00h

Byte 117
Module Manufacturer ID Code, Least Significant Byte

This code is obtained through manufacturer’s registration with JEDEC (the standard setting committee). A small fee is charged by JEDEC to support and maintain this record. Please contact JEDEC office.

Byte 117 is the least significant byte while byte 118 is the most significant byte. If the ID is not larger than one byte (in hex), byte 118 should be filled with 00h.

Byte 118
Module Manufacturer ID Code, Most Significant Byte

This code is obtained through manufacturer’s registration with JEDEC (the standard setting committee). A small fee is charged by JEDEC to support and maintain this record. Please contact JEDEC office.

Byte 117 is the least significant byte while byte 118 is the most significant byte. If the ID is not larger than one byte (in hex), byte 118 should be filled with 00h.

Byte 119
Module Manufacturing Location

Optional manufacturer assigned code.

Byte 120
Module Manufacturing Date

Byte 120 is for the year.

(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: User selects the year to automatically enter the year code in hex.)

Byte 121
The week of the year, 1 to 52.
(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: The program should automatically calculate the week of the year once a day on the calendar is click selected and “OK” by the user. It will also automatically convert to the proper SPD hex code)

Byte 122-125
Module Serial Number

Optional manufacturer assigned number.

On the Serial Number setting, JEDEC has no specification on data format nor dictates the location of the Most Significant Bit. Therefore, it’s up to the individual manufacturer to assign his numbering system.(All CST testers and EZ-SPD programmers have the option for the user to select either byte 122 or 125 as the MSB (most significant bit). The tester assumes the use of ASCII format, which is the most commonly used. The CST testers also have the function to automatically increment the serial number on each module tested.)

Byte 126-127
SPD Cyclical Redundancy Code (CRC)

This two-byte field contains the calculated CRC for previous bytes in the SPD. A certain algorithm and data structures are to be followed in calculating and checking the code. Bit 7 of Byte 0 indicates which bytes are covered by the CRC.

(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: The CST tester automatically calculates the CRC for you based on information of Byte 0 – Byte 125.)

Byte 128-145
Module Part Number

The manufacturer’s part number is written in ASCII format within these bytes.

Byte 128 is the most significant digit in ASCII while byte 145 is the least significant digit in ASCII. Unused digits are coded as ASCII blanks (20h).

(When CST EZ-SPD Programmer is used: Simply click the button at the right of Byte 128 to open an edit window, input the manufacturer’s PN (Maximum 18 digits). The software will automatically translate it into ASCII and write them into Bytes 128-145.)

Byte 146-147
Module Revision Code

Optional Manufacturer Assigned Code

Byte 148
DRAM Manufacturer ID Code, Least Significant Byte

This code is obtained through manufacturer’s registration with JEDEC (the standard setting committee). A small fee is charged by JEDEC to support and maintain this record. Please contact JEDEC office. Reference to JEDEC document JEP-106 for more detail.

Byte 148 is the least significant byte while byte 149 is the most significant byte. If the ID is not larger than one byte (in hex), byte 149 should be filled with 00h.

Byte 149
DRAM Manufacturer ID Code, Most Significant Byte

This code is obtained through manufacturer’s registration with JEDEC (the standard setting committee). A small fee is charged by JEDEC to support and maintain this record. Please contact JEDEC office. Reference to JEDEC document JEP-106 for more detail.

Byte 148 is the least significant byte while byte 149 is the most significant byte. If the ID is not larger than one byte (in hex), byte 149 should be filled with 00h. 

Byte 150-175
Manufacturer’s Specific Data

Optional manufacturer assigned code. The module manufacturer may include any additional information desired into the module within these locations.

Byte 176-255
Open for Customer Use

Optional customer assigned codes. These bytes are unused by the manufacturer and are open for customer use.


Final Note:

Everything in the above article and more are now implemented into the CST EZ-SPD DDR3 Programmer software. The new features are:

1. Pop up window of explanation on each Byte.
2. Clickable selection right from the illustration window.
3. Auto CRC checksum on byte 126 and byte 127.
4. Text input on "manufacturer code" and "serial number". User define MSB/LSB format.
5. Auto JEDEC week and year coding from PC clock.
6. Software write protect function.

....just to name a few.

For further information on CST EZ-SPD Programmer , click on this link :

http://www.simmtester.com/page/news/showcstnews.asp?title=CST+delivery+DDR3+Programmer&num=83 

 

By: DocMemory
Copyright © 2007 CST, Inc. All Rights Reserved

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