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Journal of Forensic
Medicine and Toxicology
(International Edition)
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promotion of all branches of medicine and
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MASTURBATION—AN OVERVIEW

Vinay R. Hallikeri1, Hareesh S. Gouda2, Sunil C. Aramani3, Vijaykumar A.G.4, Ajaykumar T.S.5

 
 
 
 

Abstract:
Masturbation is a topic of discussion among all the categories of people since ancient times. Masturbation refers to non-penetrative sexual stimulation of a person’s genitals, often to the point of orgasm. The stimulation can be performed manually, by other types of bodily contact (short of sexual contact), by use of objects or tools, or by some combination of these methods. Masturbatory habits amounting to masturbatory abnormalities are included in the Chapter V (F 65.8) of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems – 10 under “Other disorders of sexual preference”. In later 1700, a forged association was made between masturbation and mental illness. Masturbation served for decades as catch all diagnosis for all types of medical complaints of uncertain etiology. During the late 19th century, investigations in psychology and sexology made it clear that masturbation is nearly universal. In Sanskrit, semen is known as ‘DHAT’; and in Susruta Samhita the disorder related to loss of this DHAT has been mentioned as ‘Shukrameha’ and also known as Dhat Syndrome. Kissing, masturbation and intercourse are the frequent sexual activities among adults. Even after a permanent sexual relationship has been established, masturbation remains as a healthy practice during the illness or absence of partner or when intercourse is unsatisfactory. In older age group Involuntary Masturbation may be a manifestation of stroke related Alien Hand Syndrome. Today, masturbatory act is considered as a healthy practice when done in private and an offence if done in the public in most of the countries.

 
 
 
 

Keywords:
Masturbation, Autoeroticism, ICD-10, Alien Hand Syndrome, Dhat Syndrome, Section 294 & 509 Indian Penal Code

 
 
 
 

References:

  1. Nechay A., Ross L.M., Stephenson J.B.P., O’Regan M. Gratification disorders (“infantile masturbation”):a review. Arch Dis Child. 2003 March; 89: 225-6.

  2. Masturbation – Wikipedia. [Cited 2010 May 05]. Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masturbation.

  3. Sadock B.J., Sadock V.A., Ruiz P., Kaplan and Sadocks comprehensive text book of psychiatry. 9th ed. New Delhi: Wolters Kluwer (India) Pvt Ltd., 2009.

  4. Sachdev P., Sex on Campus: A preliminary study of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of University Students in Delhi, India. Journal of Bio-Social Science 1998; 30: 95–105.

  5. WHO. ICD-10 ‘International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Problem’. 10th revision. Volume 1(Chapter V) Geneva: World Health Organisation. 311–87.

  6. Prakash O., Lessons for postgraduate trainees about Dhat syndrome. Indian J Psychiatry 2007; 49: 208-10.

  7. Whorton J: The solitary vice. West J Med. 2001; 175: 66-8.

  8. Yang M.L., Fullwood E., Goldstein J., Mink J.N., Masturbation in infancy and early child hood presenting as movement disorders: 12 cases and a review of literature. Pediatrics 2005; 1427-32.

  9. Exton M.S., Bindert A., Kruger T., Scheller F., Hartmann U., Schedlowski M., Cardiovascular and endocrine alterations after masturbation induced orgasm in women. Psychosomatic Medicine 1999; 61: 280–9.

  10. Stravodimos K.G., Koritsidis G., Koutalellis G., Electrical wire as a foreign body in male urethra: a case report. Journal of Medical Case reports 2009;3:49.

  11. Ong-Hai B.G., Odderson I.R., Involuntary masturbation as a manifestation of stroke-related Alien Hand Syndrome. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000; 79: 395–8.

  12. Ozmen M., Erdogon A., Duvenci S., Ozyurt E., Ozakara C., Excessive masturbation after epilepsy surgery. Sexologies 2008 April;17(1): S96.

  13. Hidayatullah M, Deb R. Ratanlal and Dhirajlal’s The Indian Penal Code. 26th ed. Nagpur: Wadhwa and Company Pvt. Ltd., 1987.
     

 
 
 
 

Authors:

1, 5. Dept. of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
J.N. Medical College, Belgaum-590010
Karnataka State, India.

Corresponding author:

Dr. Hareesh S. Gouda
Assistant Professor,
Telephone: +919620237977
Email: hareeshfmt@rediffmail.com
 

 
     
     
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