Delhi's Schumacher Center is a practical hub linking in solar vilage franchises and various community training hubs. Note India has a deep history of celebrating local cultural, spiritual and training
centres - Gandhi's Ashram opened 1915 became the experimental centre of a whole village up educational system which through
his last 30 years of life was core to the strategy he used to transform India from ruled by British Empire to Independence
Schumacher Center's Board are action research oriented as you can see - its partners are here. It has a sister resource and funding institute Jeevika Trust in london which describes such purposes as: By building on
our existing community links, and extending our existing ‘portfolio’ of appropriate technologies, we generate project concepts for the future. These may entail simply expanding a current project like bee-keeping for women from one village cluster to the next, or replicating a pilot project like goat-rearing and the lessons learned to another area. Other projects may be diversified by introducing new elements such as reproductive
and child health, gender awareness building, or ‘deepening democracy’ training. Our aim in all of these is to widen and deepen the effect of our initiatives to the point where the beneficiaries
themselves take over control and we are no longer needed. Jeevika also offers a simple list of ways you can help including its recycling program of electonic waste
Schumacher was in his
62nd year of 66 in 1973 when he wrote economics as if people mattered - small is beautiful. Though as entreprenurs we prefer
the language of BRAC's leaders Sir Fazle Abed: Small may be beautiful but in Bangaldesh scaling large is absolutely essential.
The economic locus of service plus and knowledge economies is the etam franchise - so microeconomics can -and needs to - design
both as Sir Fazle implies
Alumni of Keynes: Wikipedia tell us how this came about in an
odd way. Born in Germany, Schumacher had became a Rhodes Scholar in UK in 1930; he had no intention or returing to Germany
under Hitler; his stay in Britain saw him interned during the war; Keynes nored an economics paper Schumacher wrote while
interned and arranged his release. Next From 1950 to 1970 he was Chief Economic Adviser to the National Coal Board then one
of the world's largest organisations, with 800,000 employees. In this position, he argued that coal, not petroleum, should
be used to supply the needs of the world's population. He viewed oil as a finite resource, fearing its depletion and eventually
prohibitive price, and viewing with alarm the fact that, as Schumacher put it, "the richest and cheapest reserves are
located in some of the world's most unstable countries. Contextually it is worth remembering how much coal, iron and
steel still dominated the industrial economy of 1950 with The 1951 Iron and Steel Union being the start of what became The European Union - the idea being that if Europe's iron and steel markets became
so interdependent as to be almost borderless exchanges, war would hopefully not come to Europe for a third time.
Pivotal to our 1984 mapping of the end poverty opportunity of the coming on the internet generation is
Schumacher's “The heart of the matter, as I see it, is the stark fact that world poverty is primarily a problem of two
million villages, and thus a problem of two thousand million villagers.”
This is a story of 2 billion people living in poverty - and what we can do to help change their
lives forever. This is the 20 page version of Practical Action's "narrative" - who we are and the val... Download
help needed to understand which franchises practical action is most economic in transfering
today - eg interesting may be ist contribtion to cooking stoves : Household energy journal
Boiling Point is a journal for those working with stoves and household energy. It deals with technical,
social, financial and environmental issues and aims to improve the quality of life for poor communities living in the developing
world.
Boiling Point was created in 1982 by Practical Action (then ITDG) who published the first 52 issues. Back issues
from issue 45 to 52 are available on this page. All issues, from 1 to 56 are available via the HEDON website.
Commissioner Piebalgs is a member of the High-level Group on Sustainable Energy for
All, co-chaired by Yumkella with Charles Holliday, Chairman of Bank of America, which is leading the effort to mobilize and
facilitate commitments to action that will drive change on the ground. These commitments will be featured at the UN Conference
on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) in June.
The European rollout of the International Year of Sustainable Energy for
All was organized by the charity Practical Action, the United Nations Foundation, and the Stockholm Environment Institute.
Speakers included Norbert Neuser, Member of the European Parliament; Stephen Leonard, CEO IBM UK/Europe; Grace Mukasa, East
Africa Regional Director, Practical Action; Måns Nilsson, Research Director, Stockholm Environment Institute; and Anders
Wijkman, Associate Senior Fellow, Stockholm Environment Institute, former MEP and Vice President of the Club of Rome.
I find myself wondering what our world of 2010s could look like today if we imagined a 2 million village networking
economy - with 8 billion on the planet, that's roughly a village size of 4000 people or 1000 families
some notes:
even
in the biggest cities, I feel villages at work as you go from one neighbourhood to another
at its peak efficience
the grameen model was built round bank branches staffed by about 4 people serving 60 centres of 60 villagers ie 3600 families
- each centre was visited weekly so you could genuinely say that the branch was responsible for knowing 3600 entrepreneurs
and transfering knowledge between them
you could cut it another way and ask what is the maximum capacity of your personal
network -the people your own economy is most interdependent on
a basic collaboration concept of all htese
vilage models is one for all or all for one- ie the golden rule of relationship reciprocity; I wonder what te world would
be like if communities were responsible for keeping their own peace as well as their win-win exchnages with "neigbouring"
communities; I imagine young people would be peace and cross-cultural hub hosts; I would like to think that one day the concept
of the national army would be redundant and indeed national boundaries would not be where economics compounded risks
I
am not proposing that we would expect to adopt this model tomorrow but lets suppose that somehow the next 2 generations co-create
a sustainable world then what would the microeconomic structure of exchanges look like at the molecular level of interaction?
would you imagine some parameters emrerging around a global village network model like that above or what? chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk
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What Everybody
Needs to Know First About Economics
Economics designs peoples futures but this depends
on what logics are analysed- here are the logics The Economist used in the early 19080s when it discussed how the net gneration
could be the most productive time for youth
A
nation/place cannot sustain growth unless its capital is structured so that family's savings are invested in their next generation's
productivity. Norman Macrae's 1954 book on The London Capital Market provides chapter and verse. Historically it
was timely as London's industrial revolution had planted most of the developed world's laws and financial instruments. Futurewise
this book became a source for Norman's forty years of leadership challenges including 3000 editorials. THese became branded
in the 2 genres of entrepreneurial revolution and future history of the net generation genre which he focused on from 1972.
They script in practical details most of the changes that economists would need to make to historic rules if globalisation
is not to collapse the worldwide financial system of 2010s
Norman framed his
writings on future purposes huan most wanted around the idea that The Net Generation to 2024 would face change on a scale
never previously experienced by our human race. To prevent risks and celebrate job creating opportunities Norman proposed
in his 1984 book (The 2024 Report) that the world should unite around youth's most exciting millennium goal. He explained
why economics would design the most popular futures if the goal was chosen as racing to end poverty everywhere. Reasons
included: its possible, its exciting, it creates jobs post-industrial generation will need to design around collaborative
technology, it can empower youth to joyfully unite cultures as we become borderless (more connected than separated), it aligns
economics principles with nature's exponentially (compounding) rules of evolutionary selection which are community-up and
open.
We are shocked how few people know of the main
findings of the renowned economist Maynard Keynes- increasingly only economics riles the world and the greatest risk to the
future working lives of our children comes from elderly macroeconomists who hire themselves out to the biggest who want to
get bigger.
Historically when faulty systems
of macroeconomists ruined civilisations they fell one by one. But Einstein took Keynes logic further and hypothesised that
the first generation to become more connected than separated by technology would be subject to a final exam. Now if we let
erroneous macroeconomists rule whole continents of nations will collapse.
By 1976 my father (Norman macrae) -probably the last student of economics
mentored by Keynes- was writing at The Economist why the next half century would see the net generation
tested - he called upon the genre of Entrepreneurial Revolution (ER) networkers to sort out the greatest innovation
challenge economics - and so the human race - will ever face .
.
The opportunity of 10 times
more productivity for the net generation (with million times more collaboration technology than man's 1960's race to moon)
.The
THREAT is preventing the threat of collapsing continent-wide
system of value exchange. By 2020 the (exponential track impacting future) sustainanbilyty of every village around the globe
will likely be lost or won
.....
How could we be experiencing record youth unemployent when we are living in a time
of a million times more collaboration tech than a generation ago? According to research by Entrepreneur networks started at
The Economist in 1976, we are 36 years off track in compounding 2 unustainable systems whose follies multiply each other
that caused by non-economic media which also distracts us with glossy images and
soiundbites instead of future realities and integrated cross-cultural and inter-generational understanding - full briefing here
World's biggest maths error compounded by macroeconomists and all global professions
with a ruling monopoly - see below
Discuss: what does everyone need to know about the way economists think and behave. Understand 2 opposite
segments of E : The Unacknowledged Microeconomist and the Fatally Conceited.MacroEconomist
Keynes
- because economics will incresingly rule the world, the greatest danger to the futures of youth is elderly macroeconomists
where fame maks them compete to superpower over peoples
Boulding: ****the
historic significance of capitalism is precisely a society in which exchange has become a more important source of power than
threat**** in his book economics as science
Von hayek- given the fatal conceit in my profession, I really think you shouldn't be doing this - awarding
me a first Nobel Prize in economics
freedom of
speech and everything about the future you want, NOW depends on enough people knowing how to play the value exchange game
- and why that isnt exactly what the game of monopoly teaches - an exchange is where each side says I wants something from you so let's work out what I
can do for you and purposefully improve on this over time through hi-trust communal feedback
debate difference between true capitalism and phoney capitalism
agree on a picture like
that on the right- we have seen cases where one of the 10 coordinates shown felt the system had betrayed their greatest
trust, and so zeroised the organsaition or network (even ones that accountants had been reprorting record profits ahd $100
billion equity
start discussing multi-win models - see our 4 favorites from 36
years of debates with entrepreneuruial revoltionaries
choose say 12 markets whose future
purpose is most vital to sustaining your children - and use media to agree what the greatest human purpose and corresponding
mkilennium goals are that need investing in to fee each market and youth's working lives in serving the most valuable purpose
get those (including all parents?) who save across generations to throw out speculators from banking systems
and capital markets - eg next time there is a bailout (which means taking your childrens money to refinance a bank) wipe out
shareholders; let them set lawyers on old managers and any politicians their pr's lobbied; keep savings accounts safe; restructure
bank so that it invests in youth productivity and sustaining communities not bubbles, and not trapping people in debt
Goodwill explains up to 90% of value impacts of any organsaition in a networked economy- yet no nation
yet requires that organisations it licences to audit goodwii. 20 years of research has proved the following reciprocal relationship
- the purposeful question" who would uniquely miss what if your organsaition did not exist?, has the reciprocal
question why let your organisation contnue to exist if it has broken my life-crtiical trust it promised to serve
.........................................
valuetrue capitalism maps how each side win-win-win from other sides communal purpose over time -this goes
back over 250 years to the criteria of free markets adam smith demanded freedom of speech questioned - he talked
about the transparency of community markets where a rogue trader might fool some of the people but not for long and not for
too big to fail! - the journal of social business edited by adam smith scholars at his alma mater Glasgow University
advises people of any other tongue how to build up from adam's hi-trust ideas to such constructs as sustainable global vilage
networking first mapped by schumacher (another keynes alumni) - we have a library of free articles for you to choose and translate
from
phoney capitalism spins a monopoly, a non-free maket - one side rules by
saying I want to take more and more from all of you- esentially this is what rules when global accountants audit only how
much one side has profited/extracted withouth how much has it sustains other sides- phoney capitalism can only result in exponentai
meltdown becuase so much has been extracetd from system that its unsustainable for human lives or for nature or for both
www.youtube.com/watch?v=qV4Xs1YgwUwSep 23, 2009 - 4 min - Uploaded by microeconomist Mobile Planet's Center of Entrepreneurial
Revolution?by cmacrae280 views ...
Mobile Planet's Center of Entrepreneurial Revolution? globalgrameenisborn
· socialbusinessdecade · yunus69birthdaylondoncreativelabs.avi · yunusyouth...
MORE ABOUT WHERE VALUING NETGEN CAME FROM
- in the 1990s I was working with big 5 accountants;
I argued for a missing audit they needed to do as regularly as their monetisation audit; I called this how goodwill modelling
multiplies value around a gravitational purspoe ewhise gials all sides want to progress over time; it turns out that in knowlege
scetors over 90% of the future is bayesian predicatbale on quality of goodwill relationships-3 yeras before andersen crashed
I usd this model to warn them that if they stoped multiplying conflicts around true and fair they would be zeroised by society-
I didnt succeed in getting my advice to be acted on but at that time unseen wealth publications made by brookings and georgetwon
had just been banned by the incolimng bush adminsitration - who didnt like to be told that without the second aidt risks would
compound unseen- every collapse USA has seen a hand in during 2000s (and viralised to other nations since 2008) can be traced
to this mathenatical error
what can be done about this mess
-debate difference between true cpaitalism and
phoney capitalsim
choose say 12 markets hose future purpose is most vital to sustaining your children - and use
media to aggree what the greatest huan purspose and corresponding mkilennium goals are that need investing in
get
thse who save across generations to throw out speculators from bankiing systems - eg next time there is a bailout (which means
taking your childrens money to refinace a bank) wipe out sharehilers; let them set lawyers on old managers and any politicians
their pr's lobbied; keep savings acconts safe; restructure bank so that it invests in youth productivity and sustaining communities
not bubbles, and trapping people in debt
-if you do this today's millions times more coalbration technology than
a generation ago can make the next decade the most productive time and joyful for youty and everyine to be alive instead
of the most dismal time where natios led by old macroecnomist put youth out of work
DO YOU KNOW...
Q: Original Purpose of Economics? A The Scotland of the 1750s was at the end of a first
generation to have found their country taken over by England's
Empire., So Adam Smith was motivated to start writing
about how to design systems so that peoples could could look forward to their next generation sustaining more productive lives
than they had had ... 7 quarters later keynes general theory issued humanity's greatest challenge- economics as a systems
science had reached the state that only economics rules the world ... more
Q: What do the man-made systems that rule the world look like? A Purposeful
value exchanges composed round 5 main flows of how productively peoples lives are used and 5 main demands human beings
make as co-workers, customers, owners, stewards of the globe, stewards of society at the village level - more
Q: Why can't human race in 21st C be sustained with choice of economics made by 20th C biggest
banks and govs etc? A Long Story: ER alumni are in their 37th year of offering debating scripts eg1 on wht some industrial age systems after world war 2 were designed to be too big to exist as the
first net generation became more connected than separated by geographical borders ... What is known is that 2010s is most
exciting decade to be an entrpreneur because our impacts define what will be possible for all our childrens' children more
World Class Brands are in 25th year (as a subnetwork of Norman Macrae's Entrepreneurial Revolution)
of helping sustain the most purposeful organsiations or markets in the world. Core to any charter of purpose is a quiz
revolving round this question- who would uniquely miss what if this didn't exist?.
From this Q&A's list of trust-flows, economics maps how to connect producers
and demanders of the exchange in multi-win models of purpose. Henceforth, potential conflicts with this goodwill
model are audited and resolved at every cycle so that unique purpose is celebrated to lead the future by
continuously multiplying the most value and trust. This model provides the simplest benchmark around all exponential
impact metrics of sustainability investement can be calculated and the transparency of all multi-win models are webbed
around pro-youth economics. Questions welcomed chris.macrae@yahoo.co.uk washington dc hotline 1 301 881 1655
Microfinance Focus, November 4, 2011: Professor Muhammad Yunus was invited to deliver
a key note speech during the G20 Young Entrepreneurs Summit held in Nice, France. Professor Yunus addressed an audience of
more than 400 entrepreneurs from all G20 countries. In his speech, he shared his personal entrepreneurship experiences, his
faith in young entrepreneurs to be the pillars of society and the need to include poor countries in the discussion process
in making global decisions.
Professor Yunus being an entrepreneur himself started off creating the Grameen Bank that
provides microfinance services to the poor who had little access to financial provisions. From that, he ventured into a wide
number of social businesses such as Grameen Nursing College, Grameen Eyecare Hospitals, Grameen Shakti, etc.
He has
always considered young entrepreneurs to be the most effective solution for the future. He said “In my opinion, G20
YES is a fabulous initiative, gathering so much energy and momentum from all over the world. Because of their creativity and
leadership, provided that they commit to share the value they create, these 400 young entrepreneurs in this room can change
the world.”
Professor Yunus is also a member of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Advocacy Group, advising
the Secretary General of the United Nations. Hence, he believes that the next generation of youths should be handed over the
process of the MDGs as soon as possible. He believes that entrepreneurs will have a key role to play in fulfilling the MDGs,
if they are committed to the social value created by their companies, and social business can be part of the solutions.
In
his speech, he added that the G20 needed to broaden its scope to deal with the current world crisis. It can no longer remain
a political forum with economic agendas. The G20 needs to create a social agenda as well. Professor Yunus proposes that ‘social
business’ should be brought to the agenda of G20, as one of the concrete and effective solutions to be considered for
immediate implementation so as to guide capitalistic investment towards social value and jobs creation, rather than sheer
profit maximization strategies. A social business is a cause-driven business where profits stay within the company for its
sustainability.
Lastly, Professor Yunus concluded that the G20 should be expanded into the G25, where poor countries
from each continent should be included in the global agenda which they are part of. He added that “Their problems are
inter-related with others, and their proposals of solutions should be considered by the most economically advanced countries
in making global decisions. A G25 would be a big step toward ensuring that global social issues are raised, and MDGs implementation
is fully shared on the global agenda. And finally, because fighting poverty together is the only way to bring long lasting
peace in this world.”
inquiries chris macrae info @worldcitizen.tv us tel 301 881 1655 ; us office 5801 nicholson lane
suite 404, North Bethesda, MD 20852 USA - skype chrismacraedc
Mapping is a process of discovery. Crucially maps are only as usable as updating correctness of bottom
up information. Think of your own use of a map. You look for the "you are here arrow". You want to be directed to
somewhere/someone you dont know how to get to; you want your return vist to be safe as well as a value multiplying win-win.
Does anyone remember the simplest findings of einstein and jon von neumann. Einstein proved
that to innovate more value you need to go more micro in what you model; von neumann showed that there is more value to be
networked by interfacing safe flows across systems instead of ruling over separation of boundaries. There isnt a single
global metrics profession that gets these mathematical -and natural - principles right. Unless we change this global
markets will cycle through ever greater collapse and more and more communities will lose sustainability. Mapmaking is that
critical an idea to what the net genration will achieve in 2010s; but its also one that children from primary age up can action
learn. Its simple. Its just that it works the other way round from top-down people's fatal conceit.
It explores how to make the invisible principles and practices of real wealth creation
visible, and therefore useable. Our planet needs case studies underline the search for new win-wins that build ‘system
integrity’ Trust-flow is the unseen wealth to invest sustainability in. Tranpsarently mapped it develops
a goodwill gravity tyhat invites with roleplayer in a community to multiply goodwill while sustaining their own cashflow..
Trust is not some vague, mushy, abstract warm-hearted sentiment. It is an economic powerhouse – probably just as economically
and socially important as oil. The point is, there are specific things you need to do to get trust flowing, just as
there are specific things you need to do to get oil flowing. And like oil trust has a dark side. Right now, the world is awash
with the carbon emissions which threaten the stability and sustainability of its ecosystems. Right now, the world is also
awash with the ‘carbon emission’ of trust – mistrust. Indeed it may well be that our ability to tackle the
one issue – the threat of environmental catastrophe – depends on our ability to tackle the other issue: how to
generate, deepen, extend and sustain trust.>br>But what is the best way of doing this? One thing is for sure. You don’t
build and sustain trust via some sentimental exercise of goodwill to all and sundry. There are three very simple principles
at the heart of effective trust generation. First, trust is generated via win-win relationships. It’s virtually
impossible to generate or sustain trust without mutual benefit for those involved. But beneficial outcomes are not enough
in themselves. For trust to be built and sustained, both sides need to signal a demonstrable commitment to finding win-win
ways forward. Such a commitment may require real changes to what we say and do. Second, real ‘win-wins’
are hardly ever purely financial or material. You don’t build trust simply by walking away with more cash in your pocket.
Trust works at all the dimensions and levels of human exchange. Yes, it’s about financial and material rewards. But
it’s also about purpose (what people want to achieve). It’s about politics with a small ‘p’: the use
and abuse of power, the crafting and application of rules of fair play. And it’s about emotions: the sometimes overwhelmingly
strong emotions, both positive and negative, that are generated when people deal with other peopleWhat’s constitutes
a ‘win’ – a sense of real improvement – is therefore highly specific. It depends absolutely on the
details of who the parties are, what they are trying to achieve, in what context. Building trus, therefore involves discovering
these specifics. Just as oil doesn’t flow out of the ground, get refined and pump its way into motor vehicles automatically
and without effort, so identifying and doing what is necessary to get trust flowing requires dedicated, skilled effort. It
requires a disciplined, structured process, not a vague sentiment.
3) Third, even if we do steps 1) and 2) there’s
still a good chance it won’t succeed. Why? Because it ignores an invisible third factor. In the real world, purely two
way bilateral relationships don’t exist. There is always a third party whose interests or outcomes are affected by what
the other two parties do but who is not a party to the contract. The environment is a case in point. Producers and consumers
may both benefit from buying and selling to each other – but what happens if, in doing so, they destroy the environment
they both depend on?
This raises a hugely important question. When two parties pursue win-wins and build mutual
trust, are they doing so in a way which creates a win and builds trust for the third party at the same time? Or are they simply
pushing the problems – and the mistrust – further down the line on to this third party? Building vigorous, healthy
networks of trust is a different kettle of fish to ‘you scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours’
win-win conspiracies. It requires a Map of all the key relationships plus careful consideration of knock-on consequences.
It requires a different perspective.
These three simple, basic steps do not happen automatically. They need to
be worked at. The territory needs to be deliberately Mapped and explored. What’s more, there are obstacles in our way
– mental and practical obstacles that need to be cleared. Prevailing economic theories about ‘rational economic
man’ for example, deny the need to commit to win-win outcomes. Instead, they promote supposedly ‘rational’
(i.e. narrowly selfish behaviours) which actively undermine trust The same theories insist that the only valid measure of
human benefit is money, thereby excluding from consideration many of the biggest opportunities for improvement. Meanwhile
many vested interests do not want to extend the circle of trust to third parties and complete networks because their positions
of power depend on their ability to take advantage of the weaknesses of these third parties. That’s another job for
Mapping: helping to identify and mount such obstacles. The potential benefits of doing so are unthinkably huge. They
start with a simple negative: the relief that comes from when you stop banging your head against a brick wall. Mistrust breeds
wasteful, wealth destroying conflict that tends to feed on itself. Anger and hatred engender anger and hatred. Simply easing
or stopping the terrible waste of mistrust would transform prospects for many millions of people. We desperately need to find
ways of doing this. Then there are the positive benefits. Understanding the real nature of human wealth – all those
dimensions of purpose, ‘politics’ and emotion as well as money and material comfort – means we can start
being human again; human in the way we think, and act. What’s more, many of these intangible benefits won’t cost
a penny. They’re there for the taking, if only we puts our minds to it. But there’s more, because trust is
also an economic superpower in its own right. In the pages that follow we will show conclusively that material and financial
riches are also dependent on trust. In fact, we will argue the case for going one step further. We will say that material
and financial riches are a by-product of trust: the visible fruits of invisible, intangible human exchange. Once you understand
that sustainable cash flows are a by-product of sustainable trust flows, your understanding of what makes a successful business
is transformed. Separately, each of these three fruits – reducing the waste of conflict, unleashing the potential
intrinsic benefits of human exchange, and energising the sustainable creation of material wealth – are massive in their
own right. Put them together and they represent a vast new continent of opportunity. As we said, this book is addressed
to entrepreneurs and system innovation revolutionaries. Wherever you happen to be, whatever the change you want to make
is, the principles explored in this book apply. The wish to change and the will to change are not the same as being able to
change successfully. For that you need to understand your territory. You will need new Maps
.
0.1 Has
a continental or worldwide search solutions on job creation that can be replicated across communities been organised before
this EU launch of Nov 2011?
While alumni of entrepreneurial economics have always valued job creation searches- we know
of no clear evidence that this has been top of mind in the way that continental-wide government has operated since 1984 even
though it was scripted by The Economist's Unacknowledged Giant as the number 1 question the first net generation would need
to mediate if sustainable futures and humanity's most needed millennium goals are to be served
what's different about nov 2011 is 4 top directorates of the EU have nailed their future reputation to this search
-more
Tom Ashbrook: You're
talking about, writing about the end of the EU, the end of the common currency.
Paul Krugman: it's
unthinkable except that continuing down the current path is unthinkable. Spain is actually the epicenter. The Spanish government
did nothing wrong. Spain was running a budget surplus before the crisis. It had low levels of debt. But it had a monstrous
housing bubble, as did a lot of places, largely financed by the way by German banks which were lending to Spanish banks, which
then lent on. And when the housing bubble burst you were left with a severe, extremely severe recession, and so the answer
has been government austerity which just makes the slump deeper.
The alternatives to a breakup of
the euro have to be Europe-wide solutions. And so the solution, if there is one, involves accepting a higher rate of inflation
for Europe as a whole and that particularly means higher inflation in Germany. --Paul Krugman
What
are Spain's alternatives here? Well, if they still had their currency, their own currency, the answer would be devalue, let
the peseta drop, Spanish exports would become a lot more competitive, they'd be well on their way to recovery. They don't
have their own currency, so people are saying: Well, you have to do all this stuff to stay within the Euro. At some point
you say: Well, you know if your answer to our problem is just ever more suffering, ever more you know... 25 percent, 50 percent
youth unemployment. If that's your notion of a solution, then maybe although it would be a very terrible thing to have the
Euro breakup, maybe that's better than what we're doing. So that's becoming a real possibility now.
The alternatives
to a breakup of the euro have to be Europe-wide solutions. And so the solution, if there is one, involves accepting a higher
rate of inflation for Europe as a whole and that particularly means higher inflation in Germany. Talk to the Germans about
this and of course they go crazy, but you have to say to them: What is your answer? What you're doing right now is just a
path to the collapse of the euro with enormous damage and radicalization and a lot of things that you don't want to see happen
in Europe happening.
TA: If the Germans can't take their foot off the brakes, they're just intrinsically
and against history and everything else, Weimar, if they can't do it, what happens?
PK: Then Europe
breaks up and... No, I mean I think it's that stark. It really is, it really is that extreme because you know it's one of
those things, you can't be saying that, but then you say: Well, let's talk this through. You know, let's as it said in the
original edition of the Godfather - Let us reason together. Right? What are the ways that this can work out? And the current
path is not one that can work out.
It's like an irresistible force hitting an immovable object. On the one hand it's
unthinkable that they'll allow the euro to fail because the euro is a terribly important thing, it's not terribly important
economically, it would have been better off if they'd, if they had never done it, but now that it has been done, for it to
fail is a defeat for the European project, the whole project of bringing peace, democracy, integration to a continent with
a terrible history. So it's unthinkable that they'll allow it to fail, but it's also unthinkable that the Germans will accept
moderate inflation which is the only solution any of us have been able to come up with. So one of two impossible things is
going to happen. Your bet.